Characterization of the population, work and handling of carter’s animals in Belo Horizante.

Introducción: los carretilleros son una clase especial de trabajadores responsables de la recolección, transporte y disposición de desechos, participando del proceso de recolección y clasificación de desechos, con gran aporte socioeconómico y ambiental en la sociedad. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es describir los aspectos clínicos y sociales relacionados con el tipo y la condición del trabajo realizado por los animales. Métodos: 61 caballos fueron incluidos en este estudio. Cada propietario realizó una encuesta que contenía la identificación y caracterización de los animales, el estado de la silla de montar, los utensilios de trabajo, la manipulación de alimentos y el historial médico de los animales. Las respuestas fueron evaluadas por distribución de frecuencia. Resultados: De acuerdo con las respuestas de los dueños el 76,6% (36/47) de las sillas se encontraban en buenas condiciones, un 21,28% (10/47) en regular estado, y solo un 2,13% (1/47) en mal estado; catorce carretilleros no respondieron a esta pregunta. La mayoría de los propietarios informaron utilizarla el mayor tiempo posible y algunas veces piezas de espuma, trozos de tela, alfombras o mantas, sobre todo cuando no había erosión de la protección de la silla más baja, conocida como sudoración. En algunos casos, cables son utilizados para mantener esta protección, dando lugar a lesiones en la piel del animal. Conclusión: El nivel educativo de los propietarios de animales de tracción tiene gran influencia en la crianza de estos animales y sus consecuencias. Los futuros estudios sobre la biomecánica del sorteo será de gran importancia para la corrección empírica de gestiones a la que estos animales son sometidos. Son necesarios más estudios para cuantificar la influencia del ambiente sobre las lesiones en este tipo de caballos.Introduction: Carters are a special class of workers responsible for the collection, transportation, and disposal of waste and for participating in the collection and classification of waste with high socio-economic contribution and environmental society. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the clinical and social aspects related to the type and condition of work done by animals. Methods: 61 horses were included in this study. Each owner took a survey that contained the identification and characterization of the animals, state of the saddle, work utensils, food handling, and animal’s medical history. The responses were assessed by frequency distribution. Results: According to the responses of the owners, 76.6% (36/47), 21.28% (10/47), and 2.13% (1/47) saddles were in good condition, normal state, only poor state, respectively. A total of 14 carters did not respond to this question. The majority of the owners reported the use of saddles for as long as possible and sometimes the use of foam inserts, pieces of cloth, rugs, or blankets as well, particularly when there was erosion of the protection of the lowest saddle, known as sweating. In some cases, cables were used to maintain this protection, leading to injuries on the animal’s skin. Conclusion: The educational level of the owners of the traction animals has a huge influence on the rearing of these animals and its consequences. Future studies on biomechanics would be of great significance for the empirical correction of the efforts to which these animals are subjected. More studies are necessary to quantify the influence of environment on lesions of this type of equines

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications