Pædagogers særlige muligheder for at skabe legedeltagelse blandt børn i musikalske fællesskaber

Børns leg i dagtilbud er et helt fundamentalt tema i centrale styringsdokumenter, hvor medarbejdere skal guide, understøtte og rammesætte, så alle børn kan være med i legefællesskaber. Der ligger et stort potentiale for fælles lege i musikalske aktiviteter, men også et vidensgab om musikpædagogikkens muligheder i dagtilbudskontekst. Formålet med artiklen er at bidrage med musikpædagogisk viden om, hvordan man på særlig vis kan inspirere til leg og skabe øvebaner for børns legedeltagelse i musikalske fællesskaber, hvor hele kroppen er med. Undersøgelsen af dette felt består af et review af international litteratur med fokus på at afgrænse centrale temaer for børns musikalske legedeltagelse. Litteraturgennemgangen resulterede i et antal temaer. Disse temaer er anvendt som forståelsesramme for en række ekspertinterviews med nogle af Danmarks mest erfarne musikpædagoger i danske dagtilbud. I artiklen præsenteres således, hvordan musikpædagoger oplever at kunne skabe legedeltagelse i musikalske fællesskaber. Der udfoldes tre analysefund. Det ene angår et musikalsk børnesyn, hvor musikpædagogens opmærksomhed rettes mod børns sansede oplevelser, som hun responderer på og inviterer til i fælles legende kommunikationsformer. Det andet beskriver betydningen af at være i besiddelse af et musikpædagogisk håndværk for at pirre børnegruppens nysgerrigheder samt kompetencer til at beherske forskellige legeroller. Mens det sidste fund peger mod musikrepertoirets betydning for dels at skabe genkendelighed, dels frihed til at eksperimentere og innovere de legende rammer.&nbsp

Adoptive cancer immunotherapy using DNA-demethylated T helper cells as antigen-presenting cells

A critical determinant of tumor eradication by adoptive immunotherapy is the tumor associated antigen recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Here the authors generate ex vivo autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes by exposure to antigens induced by DNA demethylation and report the results of a phase 1 trial of 25 patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme with tumor regression in three patients

Ambra1 modulates the tumor immune microenvironment and response to PD-1 blockade in melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Loss of Ambra1 (autophagy and beclin 1 regulator 1), a multifunctional scaffold protein, promotes the formation of nevi and contributes to several phases of melanoma development. The suppressive functions of Ambra1 in melanoma are mediated by negative regulation of cell proliferation and invasion; however, evidence suggests that loss of Ambra1 may also affect the melanoma microenvironment. Here, we investigate the possible impact of Ambra1 on antitumor immunity and response to immunotherapy. METHODS: This study was performed using an Ambra1-depleted Braf(V600E) /Pten(-/) (-) genetically engineered mouse (GEM) model of melanoma, as well as GEM-derived allografts of Braf(V600E) /Pten(-/) (-) and Braf(V600E) /Pten(-/) (-)/Cdkn2a(-/) (-) tumors with Ambra1 knockdown. The effects of Ambra1 loss on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) were analyzed using NanoString technology, multiplex immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. Transcriptome and CIBERSORT digital cytometry analyses of murine melanoma samples and human melanoma patients (The Cancer Genome Atlas) were applied to determine the immune cell populations in null or low-expressing AMBRA1 melanoma. The contribution of Ambra1 on T-cell migration was evaluated using a cytokine array and flow cytometry. Tumor growth kinetics and overall survival analysis in Braf(V600E) /Pten(-/) (-)/Cdkn2a(-/) (-) mice with Ambra1 knockdown were evaluated prior to and after administration of a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor. RESULTS: Loss of Ambra1 was associated with altered expression of a wide range of cytokines and chemokines as well as decreased infiltration of tumors by regulatory T cells, a subpopulation of T cells with potent immune-suppressive properties. These changes in TIME composition were associated with the autophagic function of Ambra1. In the Braf(V600E) /Pten(-/) (-)/Cdkn2a(-/) (-) model inherently resistant to immune checkpoint blockade, knockdown of Ambra1 led to accelerated tumor growth and reduced overall survival, but at the same time conferred sensitivity to anti-PD-1 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that loss of Ambra1 affects the TIME and the antitumor immune response in melanoma, highlighting new functions of Ambra1 in the regulation of melanoma biology

External review and validation of the Swedish national inpatient register.

BACKGROUND: The Swedish National Inpatient Register (IPR), also called the Hospital Discharge Register, is a principal source of data for numerous research projects. The IPR is part of the National Patient Register. The Swedish IPR was launched in 1964 (psychiatric diagnoses from 1973) but complete coverage did not begin until 1987. Currently, more than 99% of all somatic (including surgery) and psychiatric hospital discharges are registered in the IPR. A previous validation of the IPR by the National Board of Health and Welfare showed that 85-95% of all diagnoses in the IPR are valid. The current paper describes the history, structure, coverage and quality of the Swedish IPR. METHODS AND RESULTS: In January 2010, we searched the medical databases, Medline and HighWire, using the search algorithm "validat* (inpatient or hospital discharge) Sweden". We also contacted 218 members of the Swedish Society of Epidemiology and an additional 201 medical researchers to identify papers that had validated the IPR. In total, 132 papers were reviewed. The positive predictive value (PPV) was found to differ between diagnoses in the IPR, but is generally 85-95%. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the validity of the Swedish IPR is high for many but not all diagnoses. The long follow-up makes the register particularly suitable for large-scale population-based research, but for certain research areas the use of other health registers, such as the Swedish Cancer Register, may be more suitable