Cardiovascular responses to postural change and aerobic capacity among middle-aged men and women before and after aerobic physical training

OBJETIVO: Comparar respostas cardiovasculares a Manobra Postural Passiva (Tilt Test) e capacidade cardiorrespiratória em homens e mulheres de meia-idade antes e após treinamento físico aeróbio. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Sete homens - GH (44,6±2,1 anos) e sete mulheres - GM (51,7±4,8 anos), participaram de treinamento físico aeróbio por 12 semanas. Foi realizado protocolo de Tilt Test (cinco minutos supino, dez minutos inclinado 70º, cinco minutos supino), com monitoração da pressão arterial e freqüência cardíaca. Para mensuração da capacidade cardiorrespiratória foi realizado protocolo em cicloergômetro. RESULTADOS: Na condição sedentária, GH mostrou maior influência parassimpática no controle da freqüência cardíaca evidenciada por maior intervalo RR (iRR) durante Tilt Test. Na condição treinada, os valores de iRR de ambos os grupos se assemelham, tendo as mulheres iRR maior em supino, mas na inclinação os homens mantêm iRR mais elevado. Para pressão arterial, as mulheres permanecem com valores superiores após treino, mas a freqüência cardíaca tende a se assemelhar em ambos. Já na capacidade cardiorrespiratória, homens e mulheres têm um padrão de comportamento semelhante após treino. Com exceção dos valores absolutos da freqüência cardíaca, sem diferenças entre os grupos, para todas as outras variáveis os homens obtiveram valores superiores aos das mulheres. Observa-se ainda que, após o treinamento, houve redução significativa dos valores de pressão arterial no GM, mesmo continuando superiores aos dos homens. CONCLUSÃO: O treinamento parece ter reduzido os níveis pressóricos nas mulheres, além de serem observadas melhorias na capacidade cardiorrespiratória de ambos os grupos, permanecendo os homens com melhor desempenho do que as mulheres.OBJECTIVE: To compare the cardiovascular responses to passive postural maneuvers (tilt test) and the cardiorespiratory capacity in middle-aged men and women, before and after aerobic physical training. METHODS: Seven men (44.6±2.1 years old) and seven women (51.7±4.8 years old) participated in aerobic physical training for 12 weeks. The tilt test protocol (five minutes supine, ten minutes tilted at 70º and five minutes supine) was followed, with arterial blood pressure and heart rate monitoring. A cycle ergometer protocol was used to measure cardiorespiratory capacity. RESULTS: In the sedentary condition, men showed greater parasympathetic influence in heart rate control, as demonstrated by their higher RR interval (iRR) during the tilt test. After training, the iRR values became more similar in the two groups, although the women had higher iRR in the supine position and the men continued to present higher iRR under tilted conditions. The women's blood pressures continued to be higher after training, but heart rate tended to become similar in the two groups. The cardiorespiratory capacity patterns in the two groups were similar after training. Except for absolute heart rate values, for which there were no differences between the groups, the men's values were higher than those of the women for all other variables. It was also observed that, after the training, the women's blood pressures were significantly lower, even though their pressures remained higher than the men's. CONCLUSIONS: The training seemed to reduce the women's arterial blood pressure levels and improve both groups' cardiorespiratory capacity, but the men continued to present better performance than the women

Resting metabolic rate and body composition in postmenopausal women

Objective: The present study evaluated the relationship between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body composition of postmenopausal women. Methods: Thirty physically inactive women participated in the study, and their age average was 54,33 5,20 years old. Oxygen consumption was measured by indirect calorimetry after 12 hours of fasting and the values were calculated according to the equation of Weir. Body composition was obtained by the method of skinfolds and the measurement of waist circumference (WC) was used to assess abdominal fat. The linear correlation of Pearson was used to establish correlations between the variables. Results: We found significant correlations of TMR with the CC (0.42) and the lean mass (LM) (r = 0.48). Conclusions:The variables of body composition that can be involved in the determination of the RMR are LM and WC. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab, 2009;53(6):755-953675575

Cardiovascular responses to postural change and aerobic capacity among middle-aged men and women before and after aerobic physical training

OBJETIVO: Comparar respostas cardiovasculares a Manobra Postural Passiva (Tilt Test) e capacidade cardiorrespiratória em homens e mulheres de meia-idade antes e após treinamento físico aeróbio. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Sete homens - GH (44,6±2,1 anos) e sete mulheres - GM (51,7±4,8 anos), participaram de treinamento físico aeróbio por 12 semanas. Foi realizado protocolo de Tilt Test (cinco minutos supino, dez minutos inclinado 70º, cinco minutos supino), com monitoração da pressão arterial e freqüência cardíaca. Para mensuração da capacidade cardiorrespiratória foi realizado protocolo em cicloergômetro. RESULTADOS: Na condição sedentária, GH mostrou maior influência parassimpática no controle da freqüência cardíaca evidenciada por maior intervalo RR (iRR) durante Tilt Test. Na condição treinada, os valores de iRR de ambos os grupos se assemelham, tendo as mulheres iRR maior em supino, mas na inclinação os homens mantêm iRR mais elevado. Para pressão arterial, as mulheres permanecem com valores superiores após treino, mas a freqüência cardíaca tende a se assemelhar em ambos. Já na capacidade cardiorrespiratória, homens e mulheres têm um padrão de comportamento semelhante após treino. Com exceção dos valores absolutos da freqüência cardíaca, sem diferenças entre os grupos, para todas as outras variáveis os homens obtiveram valores superiores aos das mulheres. Observa-se ainda que, após o treinamento, houve redução significativa dos valores de pressão arterial no GM, mesmo continuando superiores aos dos homens. CONCLUSÃO: O treinamento parece ter reduzido os níveis pressóricos nas mulheres, além de serem observadas melhorias na capacidade cardiorrespiratória de ambos os grupos, permanecendo os homens com melhor desempenho do que as mulheres.OBJECTIVE: To compare the cardiovascular responses to passive postural maneuvers (tilt test) and the cardiorespiratory capacity in middle-aged men and women, before and after aerobic physical training. METHODS: Seven men (44.6±2.1 years old) and seven women (51.7±4.8 years old) participated in aerobic physical training for 12 weeks. The tilt test protocol (five minutes supine, ten minutes tilted at 70º and five minutes supine) was followed, with arterial blood pressure and heart rate monitoring. A cycle ergometer protocol was used to measure cardiorespiratory capacity. RESULTS: In the sedentary condition, men showed greater parasympathetic influence in heart rate control, as demonstrated by their higher RR interval (iRR) during the tilt test. After training, the iRR values became more similar in the two groups, although the women had higher iRR in the supine position and the men continued to present higher iRR under tilted conditions. The women's blood pressures continued to be higher after training, but heart rate tended to become similar in the two groups. The cardiorespiratory capacity patterns in the two groups were similar after training. Except for absolute heart rate values, for which there were no differences between the groups, the men's values were higher than those of the women for all other variables. It was also observed that, after the training, the women's blood pressures were significantly lower, even though their pressures remained higher than the men's. CONCLUSIONS: The training seemed to reduce the women's arterial blood pressure levels and improve both groups' cardiorespiratory capacity, but the men continued to present better performance than the women.12539240

TRANSLATION AND CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF THE ASKAS - AGING SEXUAL KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES SCALE IN BRAZILIAN ELDERLY

This study presents the translation and adaptation of the ASKAS - Aging Sexual Attitudes and Knowledge Scale to Brazilian culture. Methodological stages were: translation of scale from its original in English to Portuguese by two independent translators; synthesis of the two translations; back translation to English - its original language; evaluation of translated version by an experts committee; and a pre-test with 43 subjects. A qualitative analysis of the scale was then carried out and a new version of the scale was elaborated. Content validity was obtained through analysis of the scale by the experts committee. In evaluating the pre-test, a few modifications were pointed out that should be made to the scale so that it could be better understood by Brazilian respondents. The average application time was 45 minutes, including the personal data form. The recommendation is that application of scale be assisted in cases of research involving elderly people with little formal education.19223824

Physical Education: academic graduate and professional performance in health field

This paper presented the graduation course experience of the Physical Education Faculty at UNICAMP - State University of Campinas and its curricular reorganization facing the new guidelines. Shows the existence of an integrated formation, but aiming to discuss the questions linked to the subjects of the biological sciences and health areas as well, emphasizing its formation common of the undergraduate students and their professional performance fields. So it can be considered that the professional of Physical education should present domain of the knowledge of the area, as interdisciplinary and with scientific basis of the biological sciences, exact and human field. These are essential in the professional's of Physical Education formation, once it has been allowing the systemization of the physical exercise, and more specifically, brought important repercussions in the area of the health, aiding in the understanding of the applied knowledge in the different places of professional performance, such as: clubs, fitness, schools, companies, exercise laboratories, leisure and others.4th Seminar on Studies and Research in Vocational Training in the Field of Physical Education : NOV 20-23, 2008 : Baurn, BRAZIL : NEPEF : UNESP15119219

Effect of Resistance, Endurance, and Concurrent Training on TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CRP

LIBARDI, C. A., G. V. DE SOUZA, C. R. CAVAGLIERI, V. A. MADRUGA, and M. P. T. CHACON-MIKAHIL. Effect of Resistance, Endurance, and Concurrent Training on TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CRP. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 50-56, 2012. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of 16 wk of resistance training (RT), endurance training (ET), and concurrent training (CT) on inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein (CRP), and functional capacity in sedentary middle-age men. Methods: Healthy subjects were randomized into RT (n = 11), ET (n = 12), CT (n = 11), and a control group (n = 13). The subjects performed three weekly sessions lasting about 60 min for 16 wk. Maximal strength was tested in bench press and leg press. The peak oxygen uptake ((V)over dotO(2peak)) was measured in an incremental exercise test. Plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and CRP levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Maximal strength was increased after 16 wk, with no differences between RT and CT. (V)over dotO(2peak) increased in ET and CT comparing before and after training. There were no significant differences in TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CRP comparing before and after training. Conclusions: Sixteen weeks of RT, ET, or CT in middle-age healthy men has not affected low and moderate IL-6, TNF-alpha, and CRP levels. CT performed in the same weekly frequency and session duration of ET and RT was effective in increasing both maximal strength and (V)over dotO(2peak), in addition to improvements in lipid profile.4415056National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development, Brazi

The periodized resistance training promotes similar changes in lipid profile in middle-aged men and women

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Aim. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of 16 weeks of periodized resistance training in lipid profile in sedentary middle-aged men and women. Methods. Healthy subjects (N.=50), middle-aged men and postmenopausal women (>12 months amenorrhea), were randomized into resistance training men (RTM), resistance training women (RTW), control group men (CGM) and control group women (CGW). They performed three weekly sessions for 16 weeks (9 exercises with 3 x 8-10 RM and with a 60-90 seconds rest period). Results. Trained groups showed significant decrease in total cholesterol (TC) (RTM -23.61%; RTW -21.08%; P=0.0001) and LDL-C (RTM -35.68%; RTW -38.53%; P=0.0001). No significant changes were observed in HDL-C and triglycerides (TG). No significant changes were found in plasma levels of LDL-C, HDL-C and TG for control groups, though there were significant differences between CGM and CGW for TC. Conclusion. The present results indicate that 16 weeks of periodized RT contribute to decrease of cardiovascular risk factors, such as LDL-C and TC in middle-aged men and women, even without changes in body mass and body mass index.523286292Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Inflammatory responses after different velocities of eccentric exercise

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to verify the indirect markers of muscle damage and inflammatory response following different velocities of eccentric exercise in women. METHODS: Nine women performed isokinetic eccentric actions at a slow velocity (Ecc30 group, 23.8 +/- 2.0 years; 57.8 +/- 7.0 Kg; 1.6 +/- 0.5 m) and another ten women performed at high velocity (Ecc210 group, 22.2 +/- 3.9 years; 56.4 +/- 6.0 Kg; 1.6 +/- 0.5 m). Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), range of motion (ROM), upper-arm circumference, muscle soreness, creatine kinase (CK), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured before, immediately after (except CK and cytokines), and 24, 48 and 72 h following exercise. Normalized changes in the variables following exercise were compared between velocities by a mixed model. RESULTS: The Ecc30 demonstrated greater CK activity than the Ecc210 (group vs. time interaction, P < 0.001). A group effect for circumference and ROM (P < 0.001) and a time effect for circumference (P = 0.003), ROM (P = 0.004), soreness (P < 0.001), TNF-alpha (P = 0.004), IL-6 (P = 0.001) and IL-10 (P = 0.041) were found. The Ecc30 showed large effect sizes for TNF-alpha and IL-6 compared to Ecc210, which presented small and moderate effect sizes, respectively. IL-10 showed a moderate effect size for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The velocity of the eccentric exercise does not modulate the systemic anti-inflammatory response, at least for a low number of muscle contractions performed by a small muscle group in women.2217784Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)extracurricular project of weight training and fitness (Faculty of Physical Education of State University of Campinas - UNICAMP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAPESP [2012/09709-0

Effects of concurrent training on interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and C-reactive protein in middle-aged men

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of moderate-to high-intensity resistance and concurrent training on inflammatory biomarkers and functional capacity in sedentary middle-aged healthy men. Participants were selected on a random basis for resistance training (n = 12), concurrent training (n = 11) and a control group (n = 13). They performed three weekly sessions for 16 weeks (resistance training: 10 exercises with 3 x 8-10 repetition maximum; concurrent training: 6 exercises with 3 x 8-10 repetition maximum, followed by 30 minutes of walking or running at 55-85% (V) over dotO(2peak)). Maximal strength was tested in bench press and leg press. The peak oxygen uptake ((V) over dotO(2peak)) was measured by an incremental exercise test. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein were determined. The upper-and lower-body maximal strength increase for both resistance (+42.52%; +20.9%, respectively) and concurrent training (+28.35%; +21.5%, respectively) groups (P = 0.0001). (V) over dotO(2peak) increased in concurrent training when comparing pre- and post-training (P = 0.0001; +15.6%). No differences were found in tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 for both groups after the exercise. C-reactive protein increased in resistance training (P = 0.004). These findings demonstrated that 16 weeks of moderate-to high-intensity training could improve functional capacity, but did not decrease inflammatory biomarkers in middle-aged men.291415731581National Council of Technological and Scientific Development, Brazi