Developing A Campus Information System For Manipal Institute Of Technology, Manipal Campus, Manipal

Organophosphorus based pesticides are chemical pesticides which are widely used in India for controlling the pests, insects and plant pathogens. The mode of action of pesticides belonging to this class is on neurotransmitter inhibition as well as muscle suppression by which the target organisms are killed. But since the use of these pesticides is in an uncontrolled and indiscriminate manner in agriculture sector, there is a need to degrade the m to protect their harmful effects on environment. Biological degradation of these pesticides are considered as better alternatives as this method is both economical as well as eco-friendly. Bioremediation of organophosphorus pesticides in the vicinity of soil has gained much attention recently because the microbes involved in this process are naturally having the potency to degrade the pesticides in their habitat which is called principle of infallibility. This property was explored for the biological degradation of pesticides. The microorganisms have a special gene known as organophosphate hydrolase or ‘oph’ whose enzyme product when come into contact with the organophosphorus compounds readily degrades them. This organophosphate hydrolase enzyme is well known for its broad spectrum of substrates hydrolysis activity. This activity was taken as a tool for screening of potent bacteria form agriculture soils towards organophosphorus degradation in the present study. Serial dilutions of the soil samples collected from three different regions of Telangana state were done to decline the microbial load and then through spread plate and streaking techniques, isolated bacterial colonies were obtained. Screening of these colonies for the presence of OPH enzyme was done by mixing the OPDs onto OP medium. After screening for the potent isolates showing OPH enzyme, it is revealed that the potent isolates which were successful in degradation of organophosphorus pesticide Chlorantraniliprole indicated by bacterial growth even in the presence of pesticide and also due to the presence of ‘oph’ gene which produced OPH enzyme

Comparative study of acupressure wristband versus palonosetron for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common complication after general anesthesia and surgery. This randomized double-blind study was designed to compare the effects of acupressure wrist bands and palonosetron for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia.Methods: Sixty ASA I and II patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia were divided into two groups. In Group A patients, acupressure wrist bands were applied on p6 point on both hands half an hour before induction. Group P patients received inj. palonosetron 0.075 m.g. i.v. just before induction. Anaesthesia technique was standardized. Post-operatively patients were monitored for nausea, retching or vomiting upto 24 hours. If patients vomited more than once, they were given inj. Metoclopramide 10mg as rescue antiemetic. Efficacy of drugs was compared using Chi square test. ‘p’ value of <0.05 is considered significant.Results: The incidence of PONV and requirement of rescue antiemetic were lower in palonosetron group than acupressure wrist band group.Conclusions: Palonosetron is more effective than acupressure wrist band for prophylaxis of post- operative nausea and vomiting in the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia, but acupressure wrist band can also be used as an alternative non-pharmacological method

HER2-enriched subtype and novel molecular subgroups drive aromatase inhibitor resistance and an increased risk of relapse in early ER+/HER2+ breast cancer

BACKGROUND: Oestrogen receptor positive/ human epidermal growth factor receptor positive (ER+/HER2+) breast cancers (BCs) are less responsive to endocrine therapy than ER+/HER2- tumours. Mechanisms underpinning the differential behaviour of ER+HER2+ tumours are poorly characterised. Our aim was to identify biomarkers of response to 2 weeks’ presurgical AI treatment in ER+/HER2+ BCs. METHODS: All available ER+/HER2+ BC baseline tumours (n=342) in the POETIC trial were gene expression profiled using BC360™ (NanoString) covering intrinsic subtypes and 46 key biological signatures. Early response to AI was assessed by changes in Ki67 expression and residual Ki67 at 2 weeks (Ki672wk). Time-To-Recurrence (TTR) was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox models adjusted for standard clinicopathological variables. New molecular subgroups (MS) were identified using consensus clustering. FINDINGS: HER2-enriched (HER2-E) subtype BCs (44.7% of the total) showed poorer Ki67 response and higher Ki672wk (p<0.0001) than non-HER2-E BCs. High expression of ERBB2 expression, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and TP53 mutational score were associated with poor response and immune-related signatures with High Ki672wk. Five new MS that were associated with differential response to AI were identified. HER2-E had significantly poorer TTR compared to Luminal BCs (HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.14–5.69; p=0.0222). The new MS were independent predictors of TTR, adding significant value beyond intrinsic subtypes. INTERPRETATION: Our results show HER2-E as a standardised biomarker associated with poor response to AI and worse outcome in ER+/HER2+. HRD, TP53 mutational score and immune-tumour tolerance are predictive biomarkers for poor response to AI. Lastly, novel MS identify additional non-HER2-E tumours not responding to AI with an increased risk of relapse

Drivers and Obstacles to Implementing Co-creation in Sustainable Heating: A Multiple Case Study Addressing the Institutional Rules underlying Co-creation

Reaching net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 is vital to limit global warming to 1.5◦C. Decarbonizing the heating sector that is globally responsible for half of total energy consumption is necessary to achieve climate-neutrality goals. The complex nature of the heating sector (characterized by variable market demands, and complicated stakeholder networks) has resisted the stakeholder alignment necessary to develop sustainable heating solutions. Co-creation provides a viable solution - a governance structure characterized by multiple, semi-autonomous centres for decision-making. There is little insight, however, into co-creation strategies in the field of sustainable heating. State-of-the-art literature indicates the need to explore the theoretical underpinnings for co-creation. Furthermore, if performed incorrectly, co-creation can result in the destruction of the public value and citizen rights it aims to uphold. The Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD)Framework provides a systematic method to analyze policy activities, over varying temporal, geographic and socioeconomic contexts. This body of research takes a novel approach in applying the IAD framework to understand the factors that aid and impede the development of effective co-creation. The framework demonstrates its efficacy in assessing both the process of co-creation and its outcomes. The IAD Framework was applied on qualitative data in the form of interviews and archival data from co-creation participants in four pilot cities that are part of the EU-Interreg 2 Seas Sustainable Heating Implementation of Fossil-Free Technologies project. Results show that supportive project management conditions such as stable funding, comprehensive planning support and the involvement of key stakeholders (actors) across the different stages of co-creation are vital for its success. The presence of community attributes such as shared values and goals motivate stakeholders to collaborate together. When actors who adopt the role of coordinators view co-creation favourably, they can use their administrative skills and social capital to bring together stakeholders in an effective manner to find solutions acceptable to all. Involvement of key actors in the initial planning stages is important to develop strategies that are tailored to specific communities. The presence of neutral actors such as research institutes is helpful across all stages and was shown to be vital in initiating co-creative strategies and facilitating supportive conditions for social learning. Furthermore, this study found that pre-existing governance structures between interacting stakeholders determines the pathway in which co-creation evolves. Pre-existing power dynamics, combined with the crucial role played by coordinators in the group, form patterns of interaction that tend to reinforce governance structures that do not allow for effective co-creation. Policymakers may benefit from the following recommendations - a) coordinators must commit to involving key stakeholders, including citizens, in all phases of co-creation; b) when co-creation is initiated by actors who are traditionally in authoritative positions in society, provisions must be made for capacity-building in other stakeholder groups. This study focuses on co-creation pathways when initiated by actors traditionally in powerful roles, in liberal democracies in Western Europe. Future research can focus on co-creation pathways when initiated in a bottom-up fashion. The development of co-creation in different political and societal settings merits further research.EU-Interreg 2 Seas Sustainable Heating Implementation of Fossil-Free Technologies (SHIFFT) ProjectEngineering and Policy Analysi

Flowers of <i style="">Madhuca indica</i> J. F. Gmel.: Present status and future perspectives

438-443Madhuca indica J F Gmel. syn. M. latifolia Macb. commonly known as mahua is a large tree found in the dry deciduous forests of India. The tree produces edible flowers and fruits during leanest season of agriculture (March-May). Collection of mahua flowers and fruits is one of the most important sources of employment for the poorest of the poor in India. The flowers are edible and rich source of sugar, protein, vitamin and minerals. Present paper reviews the earlier research on these flowers and highlights the study conducted for value addition. About 80 per cent of juice was successfully extracted from fresh flowers and concentrated to produce a honey like liquid sweetener. The produced concentrate was analyzed and used for preparation of bakery and confectionary goods. Apart from this fresh flower pulp was used for preparation of jam, jelly and sauce. The study shows the income and employment generation potential of mahua flowers.Madhuca indica J F Gmel. syn. M. latifolia Macb. commonly known as mahua is a large tree found in the dry deciduous forests of India. The tree produces edible flowers and fruits during leanest season of agriculture (March-May). Collection of mahua flowers and fruits is one of the most important sources of employment for the poorest of the poor in India. The flowers are edible and rich source of sugar, protein, vitamin and minerals. Present paper reviews the earlier research on these flowers and highlights the study conducted for value addition. About 80 per cent of juice was successfully extracted from fresh flowers and concentrated to produce a honey like liquid sweetener. The produced concentrate was analyzed and used for preparation of bakery and confectionary goods. Apart from this fresh flower pulp was used for preparation of jam, jelly and sauce. The study shows the income and employment generation potential of mahua flowers

Physico-chemical properties of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Syzygium cuminii </i><span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-style:italic" lang="EN-US">(L.) Skeels<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"> </i>jam and comparative antioxidant study with other fruit jams </span>

9-15Jamun, Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels commonly known as Indian blackberry is a widely distributed forest tree in India and other tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. This fruit is a rich source of natural antioxidant, vitamins and minerals having good nutraceutical and medicinal value. Physical properties of jamun fruits were studied in order to facilitate its handling and processing. This work was intended to add value to these fruits in jam production. The corresponding processed jam were compared with other commercial fruit jams in terms of proximate composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and viscosity to test its overall quality parameters. According to the experimental findings, the proximate composition of jamun jam was found to be equivalent with other jams and was the richest source of total phenol with 5.58 mg GAE/g. The antioxidant activities were also highest. The percent reduction of DPPH and ABTS radicals was 47.97 and 95.02, respectively and the FRAP value was 7.36 mM ferrous sulphate equivalent/g. Pseudoplastic behavior of the processed jam was determined with the help of rheometer to check its consistency which is due to the systematic trend of pH, pectin, total soluble solids and sugar concentration at the time of processing. Viscosity of jamun jam was found to be acceptable with other commercial variety jams. Results from this work revealed essential information that could promote the commercialization of jamun jam. </span

Physico-chemical properties of Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels jam and comparative antioxidant study with other fruit jams

Jamun, Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels commonly known as Indian blackberry is a widely distributed forest tree in India and other tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. This fruit is a rich source of natural antioxidant, vitamins and minerals having good nutraceutical and medicinal value. Physical properties of jamun fruits were studied in order to facilitate its handling and processing. This work was intended to add value to these fruits in jam production. The corresponding processed jam were compared with other commercial fruit jams in terms of proximate composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and viscosity to test its overall quality parameters. According to the experimental findings, the proximate composition of jamun jam was found to be equivalent with other jams and was the richest source of total phenol with 5.58 mg GAE/g. The antioxidant activities were also highest. The percent reduction of DPPH and ABTS radicals was 47.97 and 95.02, respectively and the FRAP value was 7.36 mM ferrous sulphate equivalent/g. Pseudoplastic behavior of the processed jam was determined with the help of rheometer to check its consistency which is due to the systematic trend of pH, pectin, total soluble solids and sugar concentration at the time of processing. Viscosity of jamun jam was found to be acceptable with other commercial variety jams. Results from this work revealed essential information that could promote the commercialization of jamun jam

Comparison of Measurements of Antioxidant Activity in the Selected Leafy Vegetables Depending on Extraction Solvent

Four leafy vegetable species, spinach (Spinacia oleracea), amaranthus (Amaranthus viridis), fenu-greek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and bathua (Chenopodium album), were extracted with three different solvents (80% ethanol, 80% acetone and water) for maximum recovery of phenol and antioxidant compounds in the extract. The results of extraction were compared with extraction from moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves that is known as a very rich source of antioxidants. The study showed that, it is very difficult to justify a single solvent for extraction of antioxidant compounds from different plants. Results from different solvents used for extracting the bioactive compounds mostly depend on the type of compound extracted (polar/medium polar/non-polar) present in leafy matrices. Here, 80% acetone extract showed highest total phenol content in moringa leaves but the overall antioxidant activity in the leaves of four vegetables was observed to be better after extraction with 80% ethanol. Nevertheless, in most assays, independent of solvent used for extraction, the moringa leaves were the richest source of polyphenols and antioxidants

Comparative study of acupressure wristband versus palonosetron for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common complication after general anesthesia and surgery. This randomized double-blind study was designed to compare the effects of acupressure wrist bands and palonosetron for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia.Methods: Sixty ASA I and II patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia were divided into two groups. In Group A patients, acupressure wrist bands were applied on p6 point on both hands half an hour before induction. Group P patients received inj. palonosetron 0.075 m.g. i.v. just before induction. Anaesthesia technique was standardized. Post-operatively patients were monitored for nausea, retching or vomiting upto 24 hours. If patients vomited more than once, they were given inj. Metoclopramide 10mg as rescue antiemetic. Efficacy of drugs was compared using Chi square test. ‘p’ value of &lt;0.05 is considered significant.Results: The incidence of PONV and requirement of rescue antiemetic were lower in palonosetron group than acupressure wrist band group.Conclusions: Palonosetron is more effective than acupressure wrist band for prophylaxis of post- operative nausea and vomiting in the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia, but acupressure wrist band can also be used as an alternative non-pharmacological method