Effect of Temperature on Development Rate and Survival of \u3ci\u3eNomophila Nearctica\u3c/i\u3e (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Development of Nomophila nearctica was studied under six constant tempera- tures in controlled temperature cabinets. Developmental threshold temperatures for egg, larval, and prepupal-pupal stages were 8.9, 1l.5, and 9.2°C. The overall mean developmental threshold temperature for all stages was 9.9°C. Degree-day summa- tions, based on the above threshold temperatures, averaged 50, 304, and 181 DD for the egg, larval, and prepupal-pupal stages, respectively. Total heat units of 535 DD are required for development from oviposition to adult emergence. Head capsule measurements indicated six larval instars

The local space density of dwarf galaxies

We estimate the luminosity function of field galaxies over a range of ten magnitudes (-22 < M_{B_J} < -12 for H_0 = 100 km/s/Mpc) by counting the number of faint APM galaxies around Stromlo-APM redshift survey galaxies at known distance. The faint end of the luminosity function rises steeply at M_{B_J} \approx -15, implying that the space density of dwarf galaxies is at least two times larger than predicted by a Schechter function with flat faint-end slope. Such a high abundance of dwarf galaxies at low redshift can help explain the observed number counts and redshift distributions of faint galaxies without invoking exotic models for galaxy evolution.Comment: 20 pages, 5 included postscript figures, uses AAS LaTex macros. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Two figures and associated discussion added; results and conclusions unchange

The Galaxy Angular Correlation Functions and Power Spectrum from the Two Micron All Sky Survey

We calculate the angular correlation function of galaxies in the Two Micron All Sky Survey. We minimize the possible contamination by stars, dust, seeing and sky brightness by studying their cross correlation with galaxy density, and limiting the galaxy sample accordingly. We measure the correlation function at scales between 1-18 arcdegs using a half million galaxies. We find a best fit power law to the correlation function has a slope of 0.76 and an amplitude of 0.11. However, there are statistically significant oscillations around this power law. The largest oscillation occurs at about 0.8 degrees, corresponding to 2.8 h^{-1} Mpc at the median redshift of our survey, as expected in halo occupation distribution descriptions of galaxy clustering. We invert the angular correlation function using Singular Value Decomposition to measure the three-dimensional power spectrum and find that it too is in good agreement with previous measurements. A dip seen in the power spectrum at small wavenumber k is statistically consistent with CDM-type power spectra. A fit of CDM-type power spectra to k < 0.2 h Mpc^{-1} give constraints of \Gamma_{eff}=0.116 and \sigma_8=0.96. This suggest a K_s-band linear bias of 1.1+/-0.2. This \Gamma_{eff} is different from the WMAP CMB derived value. On small scales the power-law shape of our power spectrum is shallower than that derived for the SDSS. These facts together imply a biasing of these different galaxies that might be nonlinear, that might be either waveband or luminosity dependent, and that might have a nonlocal origin.Comment: 14 pages, 20 figures, to be published in ApJ January 20th, revision included two new figures, version with high resolution figures can be found here http::ww

Multi-band quantum ratchets

We investigate directed motion in non-adiabatically rocked ratchet systems sustaining few bands below the barrier. Upon restricting the dynamics to the lowest M bands, the total system-plus-bath Hamiltonian is mapped onto a discrete tight-binding model containing all the information both on the intra- and inter-well tunneling motion. A closed form for the current in the incoherent tunneling regime is obtained. In effective single-band ratchets, no current rectification occurs. We apply our theory to describe rectification effects in vortex quantum ratchets devices. Current reversals upon variation of the ac-field amplitude or frequency are predicted.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter

Disease as a Larval Mortality Factor in Alfalfa Weevil, \u3ci\u3eHypera Postica\u3c/i\u3e (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Populations in Illinois

During the 1974 growing season, larvae of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal), were examined for pathogens. Three larvae out of 715 examined were infected with a microsporidium. This infection was present in both Washington and Mason counties in Illinois

Redshifts in the Southern Abell Redshift Survey Clusters. I. The Data

The Southern Abell Redshift Survey contains 39 clusters of galaxies with redshifts in the range 0.0 < z < 0.31 and a median redshift depth of z = 0.0845. SARS covers the region 0 21h (while avoiding the LMC and SMC) with b > 40. Cluster locations were chosen from the Abell and Abell-Corwin-Olowin catalogs while galaxy positions were selected from the Automatic Plate Measuring Facility galaxy catalog with extinction-corrected magnitudes in the range 15 <= b_j < 19. SARS utilized the Las Campanas 2.5 m duPont telescope, observing either 65 or 128 objects concurrently over a 1.5 sq deg field. New redshifts for 3440 galaxies are reported in the fields of these 39 clusters of galaxies.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal, Table 2 can be downloaded in its entirety from http://trotsky.arc.nasa.gov/~mway/SARS1/sars1-table2.cs

Tramp Novae Between Galaxies in the Fornax Cluster: Tracers of Intracluster Light

We report the results of a survey for novae in and between the galaxies of the Fornax cluster. Our survey provides strong evidence that intracluster novae exist and that they provide a useful, independent measure of the intracluster light in Fornax. We discovered six strong nova candidates in six distinct epochs spanning eleven years from 1993 to 2004. The data were taken with the 4m and the 1.5m telescopes at CTIO. The spatial distribution of the nova candidates is consistent with $\sim$16-41% of the total light in the cluster being in the intracluster light, based on the ratio of the number of novae we discovered in intracluster space over the total number of novae discovered plus a simple completeness correction factor. This estimate is consistent with independent measures of intracluster light in Fornax and Virgo using intracluster planetary nebulae. The accuracy of the intracluster light measurement improves with each survey epoch as more novae are discovered.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (Sep 9, 2004). Version 2: Added references. Full resolution versions of figures 1-7 and 10 can be found at http://astrowww.phys.uvic.ca/~neill/fnx

Large-scale structure and matter in the universe

This paper summarizes the physical mechanisms that encode the type and quantity of cosmological matter in the properties of large-scale structure, and reviews the application of such tests to current datasets. The key lengths of the horizon size at matter-radiation equality and at last scattering determine the total matter density and its ratio to the relativistic density; acoustic oscillations can diagnose whether the matter is collisionless, and small-scale structure or its absence can limit the mass of any dark-matter relic particle. The most stringent constraints come from combining data on present-day galaxy clustering with data on CMB anisotropies. Such an analysis breaks the degeneracies inherent in either dataset alone, and proves that the universe is very close to flat. The matter content is accurately consistent with pure Cold Dark Matter, with about 25% of the critical density, and fluctuations that are scalar-only, adiabatic and scale-invariant. It is demonstrated that these conclusions cannot be evaded by adjusting either the equation of state of the vacuum, or the total relativistic density.Comment: 17 Pages. Review paper from the January 2003 Royal Society Discussion Meeting, "The search for dark matter and dark energy in the universe