14 research outputs found
Patterns of endemism of the eastern North American cave fauna
Aim: Over 250 species of obligate terrestrial caveādwelling animals (troglobionts) are known from single caves in the eastern United States. We investigate their geographical distribution, especially in relation to other troglobionts. We relate these patterns to taxonomic group, opportunities for dispersal and geographical location. Location: Caves of the United States east of the Mississippi River. Methods: We associated over 3000 records of more than 450 troglobiotic species and subspecies with hexagons of 1000, 5000 and 10,000ākm2 in size. We calculated Moran\u27s I , blackāwhite joins and cubic regression of endemics on nonāendemics at all three spatial scales. For 5000ākm2 hexagons, we modelled the spatial autocorrelation of the residuals of the cubic regression of endemics on nonāendemics. Results: Differences among orders in percentage singleācave endemism were not significant, except for Pseudoscorpionida, which was higher (69%) than any other order. At all three scales, Moran\u27s I and blackāwhite joins were significant, indicating a clumped distribution of both singleācave endemics and other troglobionts. Spatial patterns were similar at all three scales and Moran\u27s I was highest at 5000 km2. The cubic fit of endemics to nonāendemics was consistently better, with less systematic error or residuals, than were linear or quadratic models. Residuals showed a significant geographical pattern with excess endemics in more southerly locations. Main conclusions: There was both a nonāspatial and spatial component to the pattern of singleācave endemism. The nonāspatial component was the association of high levels of singleācave endemism with areas of high diversity of nonāendemics. It may be that both are high because of high secondary productivity. Spatially, singleācave endemism is high in central rather than peripheral areas and in the southern part of the range. It is not higher in areas of more dissected limestone, which would reduce migration rates; if anything endemism is lower. Regional spatial effects are imp
Interdependent Barriers to Providing Adolescents with Long-Acting Reversible Contraception: Qualitative Insights from Providers
Proceedings of the First Curing Coma Campaign NIH Symposium: Challenging the Future of Research for Coma and Disorders of Consciousness.
Coma and disorders of consciousness (DoC) are highly prevalent and constitute a burden for patients, families, and society worldwide. As part of the Curing Coma Campaign, the Neurocritical Care Society partnered with the National Institutes of Health to organize a symposium bringing together experts from all over the world to develop research targets for DoC. The conference was structured along six domains: (1) defining endotype/phenotypes, (2) biomarkers, (3) proof-of-concept clinical trials, (4) neuroprognostication, (5) long-term recovery, and (6) large datasets. This proceedings paper presents actionable research targets based on the presentations and discussions that occurred at the conference. We summarize the background, main research gaps, overall goals, the panel discussion of the approach, limitations and challenges, and deliverables that were identified
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Proceedings of the First Curing Coma Campaign NIH Symposium: Challenging the Future of Research for Coma and Disorders of Consciousness.
Coma and disorders of consciousness (DoC) are highly prevalent and constitute a burden for patients, families, and society worldwide. As part of the Curing Coma Campaign, the Neurocritical Care Society partnered with the National Institutes of Health to organize a symposium bringing together experts from all over the world to develop research targets for DoC. The conference was structured along six domains: (1) defining endotype/phenotypes, (2) biomarkers, (3) proof-of-concept clinical trials, (4) neuroprognostication, (5) long-term recovery, and (6) large datasets. This proceedings paper presents actionable research targets based on the presentations and discussions that occurred at the conference. We summarize the background, main research gaps, overall goals, the panel discussion of the approach, limitations and challenges, and deliverables that were identified