Communications Biophysics

Contains reports on three research projects

Quick-staining of whole retina for pathological demonstration of cystoid macular edema

Quick-staining of the whole central retina with Hematoxylin-Eosin allows for a pathological demonstration of cystoid macular edema (CMC) that closely resembles its clinical fluorescein angiography appearance. Use of the simple new method will result in a better understanding of occurrence, patterns, stages and extent of the cystoid changes as well as of the associated central folding in CME under different clinical conditions. The preservation of a central vision around 20/40 in the present case with distinct CME is emphasized. Schnellfärbung der zentralen Netzhaut in ganzer Dicke mit Haematoxylin-Eosin erlaubt eine pathologische Darstellung von zystoidem Makulaoedem, die dem klinischen Bild bei Fluorescein Angiographie sehr ähnlich ist. Anwendung dieser einfachen neuen Methode wird einen besseren Einblick in das Auftreten, die Anordnung, die Phasen und die Ausdehnung sowie die associierte Faltenbildung bei zystoidem Makulaoedem unter verschiedenen klinischen Bedingungen geben. Ein erhaltenes zentrales Sehvermögen von etwa 6/12 in dem beschriebenen Fall von cystoidem Makulaoedem ist bemerkenswert.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47382/1/417_2005_Article_BF02186660.pd

Communications Biophysics

Contains reports on four research projects

Communication Research

Contains reports on seven research projects.Rockefeller FoundationCarnegie Foundatio

Communication Research

Contains reports on seven research projects.Carnegie Foundatio

Communication Research

Contains reports on nine research projects.Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporate

Communication Research

Contains reports on eight research projects

Communication Research

Contains reports on eight research projects.Bell Telephone Laboratories, IncorporatedCarnegie FoundationRockefeller FoundationOffice of Naval Researc

Magnetic Field Generation in Stars

Enormous progress has been made on observing stellar magnetism in stars from the main sequence through to compact objects. Recent data have thrown into sharper relief the vexed question of the origin of stellar magnetic fields, which remains one of the main unanswered questions in astrophysics. In this chapter we review recent work in this area of research. In particular, we look at the fossil field hypothesis which links magnetism in compact stars to magnetism in main sequence and pre-main sequence stars and we consider why its feasibility has now been questioned particularly in the context of highly magnetic white dwarfs. We also review the fossil versus dynamo debate in the context of neutron stars and the roles played by key physical processes such as buoyancy, helicity, and superfluid turbulence,in the generation and stability of neutron star fields. Independent information on the internal magnetic field of neutron stars will come from future gravitational wave detections. Thus we maybe at the dawn of a new era of exciting discoveries in compact star magnetism driven by the opening of a new, non-electromagnetic observational window. We also review recent advances in the theory and computation of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence as it applies to stellar magnetism and dynamo theory. These advances offer insight into the action of stellar dynamos as well as processes whichcontrol the diffusive magnetic flux transport in stars.Comment: 41 pages, 7 figures. Invited review chapter on on magnetic field generation in stars to appear in Space Science Reviews, Springe

Lorlatinib with or without chemotherapy in ALK-driven refractory/relapsed neuroblastoma: phase 1 trial results.

Neuroblastomas harbor ALK aberrations clinically resistant to crizotinib yet sensitive pre-clinically to the third-generation ALK inhibitor lorlatinib. We conducted a first-in-child study evaluating lorlatinib with and without chemotherapy in children and adults with relapsed or refractory ALK-driven neuroblastoma. The trial is ongoing, and we report here on three cohorts that have met pre-specified primary endpoints: lorlatinib as a single agent in children (12 months to <18 years); lorlatinib as a single agent in adults (≥18 years); and lorlatinib in combination with topotecan/cyclophosphamide in children (<18 years). Primary endpoints were safety, pharmacokinetics and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). Secondary endpoints were response rate and 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) response. Lorlatinib was evaluated at 45-115 mg/m2/dose in children and 100-150 mg in adults. Common adverse events (AEs) were hypertriglyceridemia (90%), hypercholesterolemia (79%) and weight gain (87%). Neurobehavioral AEs occurred mainly in adults and resolved with dose hold/reduction. The RP2D of lorlatinib with and without chemotherapy in children was 115 mg/m2. The single-agent adult RP2D was 150 mg. The single-agent response rate (complete/partial/minor) for <18 years was 30%; for ≥18 years, 67%; and for chemotherapy combination in <18 years, 63%; and 13 of 27 (48%) responders achieved MIBG complete responses, supporting lorlatinib's rapid translation into active phase 3 trials for patients with newly diagnosed high-risk, ALK-driven neuroblastoma. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03107988