A propósito del artículo "Uso de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en la carrera de Enfermería"

Deseamos llamar la atención sobre el artículo "Uso de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en la carrera de Enfermería", publicado en la Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río, 23(3), del 201

De Klinberg a la educación superior actual, exigencias a la evaluación

Introduction: in the process of evaluation of learning, the need for a developing and integrating character has been implicit in both the international and national spheres.Objective: to establish methodological recommendations based on an integrative conception of the evaluation of learning from the discipline of General Pedagogical Formation.Development: in order to move towards excellence in the direction of the Aulic Pedagogical Process, it is necessary that creation be an incentive comprise all the factors that intervene in the educational system. Professors and students are direct protagonists of the evaluation process, other external evaluators are farther away from the process, and many times theory takes precedence over practice and vice versa. The idea is to fulfill this principle (theory-practical unit), and that the act of evaluating learning process constitutes an enhancer of the pedagogical processes of excellence, and its quality, which will contribute to the effective educational institutions and systemsConclusions: the bridging of evaluation of the teaching-learning process in the methodological work is a need for the evaluators and for those assessed, who must begin by resizing the functions of teaching to search for an integrative conception that leads to the fulfillment of the methodological recommendations from their dimensions and indicators, as well as making evident the unity of the affective-cognitive-value in the actions of those assessed.Introducción: en el proceso de evaluación de los aprendizajes, ha estado implícita la necesidad del carácter desarrollador e integrador tanto en el ámbito internacional como en el nacional.Objetivo: establecer recomendaciones metodológicas a partir de una concepción integradora de la evaluación de los aprendizajes desde la disciplina Formación Pedagógica General.Desarrollo: para ir hacia la excelencia en la dirección del Proceso Pedagógico Áulico, es necesario que creación sea un incentivo en todos los factores que intervienen en el sistema educacional. Los profesores y estudiantes son protagonistas directos del proceso de evaluación, otros evaluadores externos están más alejados del proceso y muchas veces la teoría prima sobre la práctica y viceversa, de lo que se trata es de cumplimentar este principio (unidad teoría práctica) y que el acto de evaluación del aprendizaje constituya un potenciador de procesos pedagógicos de excelencia, de calidad, lo que tributará a instituciones y sistemas educativos eficaces.Conclusiones: la imbricación de la evaluación de los aprendizajes en el trabajo metodológico, es una necesidad de evaluados y evaluadores, que debe partir de redimensionar las funciones de la enseñanza en pos de una concepción integradora que conduzca al cumplimiento de las recomendaciones metodológicas desde sus dimensiones e indicadores y que manifiesten la unidad de lo afectivo-cognitivo-valorativo en el accionar de los evaluados

Polifarmacia en los adultos mayores del policlínico Hermanos Cruz

Introduction: polypharmacy is very common today in older adults.Objective: to determine the frequency of polypharmacy and prescription characteristics in older adults from a family doctor and family nurse office.Methods: descriptive and cross-sectional observational study, working with a universe of 190 older adults belonging to the family doctor and family nurse office No. 65 at Hermanos Cruz polyclinic in Pinar del Río municipality and province during 2018. All patients who met the inclusion criteria for this study were interviewed, applying descriptive statistics, and meeting the ethical principles.Results: a predominance of female patients (73,69 %) was found, and the age group from 65 to 69 years (50,52 %). Patients with two or more recurrent diseases (95,79 %) and osteomyoarticular system disorders (87,89 %) predominated. The most consumed pharmacological group was NSAIDs (97,37 %) and vitamins (75,26 %). It was identified the possible occurrence of drug interactions in 187 patients (98,4 %), 78,61 % of them were pharmacokinetic, with predominance of metabolic type (47,06 %).Conclusions: older adults, after the sixth decade of life, and mainly female gender are prone to develop to polypharmacy and self-medication. The existence of several diseases generates the consumption of multiple drugs, and therefore polypharmacy and drug interactions.Introducción: la polifarmacia es muy frecuente en la actualidad en adultos mayores.Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de polifarmacia y las características de prescripción en adultos mayores de un consultorio del médico y la enfermera de la familia.Método: estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal, se trabajó con un universo conformado por 190 adultos mayores pertenecientes al consultorio del médico y la enfermera de la familia número 65 del policlínico Hermanos Cruz en el municipio y provincia Pinar del Río durante el año 2018. A todos los pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión para este estudio se les realizó una entrevista, se hizo uso de la estadística descriptiva y se respetaron los principios éticos.Resultados: Se encontró predominio de pacientes femeninos (73,69 %), y del grupo etario de 65 a 69 años (50,52 %). Predominaron los pacientes con dos o más enfermedades intercurrentes (95,79 %) y con afecciones del sistema osteomioarticular (87,89 %). El grupo farmacológico más consumido fue el de los AINES (97,37 %) y las vitaminas (75,26 %). Se identificó posible ocurrencia de interacciones medicamentosas en 187 pacientes (98,4 %), de ellas el 78,61 % fueron farmacocinéticas, con predominio de las de tipo metabólicas (47,06 %).Conclusiones: los adultos mayores, después de la sexta década de la vida, y principalmente las féminas se encuentran propensas al desarrollo de la polifarmacia y la automedicación. La existencia de varias enfermedades genera el consumo de múltiples fármacos, y por tanto la polifarmacia y las interacciones medicamentosas. 

Valoración del proceso docente educativo en los estudiantes de primer año de Licenciatura en Enfermería / Valorations about the educative-teaching process First academic year Nursing major

La educación cubana ha obtenido logros incuestionables que la ubican en un lugar cimero en América Latina y el mundo, por ello se realizó una investigación prospectiva con el objetivo de valorar las consideraciones de los estudiantes para enfrentar el proceso docente educativo en la carrera de Enfermería de primer año del nuevo Modelo Pedagógico, en la sede central en el año 2007. La información se obtuvo a través de una encuesta aplicada a 91 estudiantes, y contempla las siguientes variables: vía de ingreso, tiempo dedicado al estudio, atención brindada por los profesores, periodicidad de los encuentros comprobatorios, consulta a docentes y exámenes de premios, así como las asignaturas de mayor complejidad y el dominio de los Proyectos Integrales de Trabajo Educativo. Con relación a los resultados, el mayor por ciento refirió que siempre le brinda atención a las diferencias individuales, en cuanto a la consulta docente la mayoría refirió que reciben ayuda suficiente en ella. Con respecto a la información sobre los exámenes de premio la mayoría afirma que recibe la información al inicio de la asignatura, referente a la calidad de la actividad docente el mayor por ciento la consideró buena, así como la existencia de criterios positivos sobre el conocimiento del Proyecto Integral de Trabajo Educativo. Palabras Clave: ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA, EVALUACIÓN EDUCACIONAL, ATENCIÓN DE ENFERMERÍA, DOCENTE, MODELO PEDAGÓGICO. ABSTRACT Medical Education in Cuba has achieved unquestionable successes situating it in a top place in Latin-America and in the World , thus a prospective research aimed at assessing the opinions of the students to face the educative-teaching process in nursing major ( 1st academic year) of the new pedagogical model at the central venue in 2007 was conducted. The information was obtained by means of a survey to 91 students having the variates : way of admission, time dedicated to individual study, professors' attention, periodicity of meetings to check the development of skills, teaching consults, reward examinations and the subjects having greater complexity and knowledge of the Comprehensive Projects of Educative Work. In relation to the results, the greatest percentage answered that they always received professors' attention where individual differences are considered, with regard to the teaching consults the majority referred they are of great help. Regarding the information about the reward examinations they stated the information is given when the subject is taught for the first time, concerning the quality of the teaching activity the greatest percentage considered it as good, positive criteria about the Comprehensive Project of Educative Work were given. Key words: NURSING STUDENTS, EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION, NURSING CARE, TEACHING, PEDAGOGICAL MODE

Extra-meningeal solitary fibrous tumor: an evolving entity with chameleonic morphological diversity, a hallmark molecular alteration and unresolved issues in risk stratification assessment

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare type of mesenchymal lesion with variable clinical presentation in which specific clinicopathologic factors have been related to patient outcome. SFT shares an important morphologic and immunohistochemical overlap with other sarcomas, hence the differential diagnosis is challenging. Although molecular studies provide significant clues, especially in the differential diagnosis with other neoplasms, a thorough hematoxylin and eosin analysis and the integration of phenotypical, clinical, and radiological features remain an essential tool in SFT diagnosis. In this review, we discuss some emerging issues still under debate in SFT

De Klinberg a la educación superior actual, exigencias a la evaluación

Introduction: in the process of evaluation of learning, the need for a developing and integrating character has been implicit in both the international and national spheres. Objective: to establish methodological recommendations based on an integrative conception of the evaluation of learning from the discipline of General Pedagogical Formation. Development: in order to move towards excellence in the direction of the Aulic Pedagogical Process, it is necessary that creation be an incentive  comprise all the factors that intervene in the educational system. Professors and students are direct protagonists of the evaluation process, other external evaluators are farther away from the process, and many times theory takes precedence over practice and vice versa. The idea is to fulfill this principle (theory-practical unit), and that the act of evaluating learning process constitutes an enhancer of the pedagogical processes of excellence, and its quality, which will contribute to the effective educational institutions and systems Conclusions: the bridging of evaluation of the teaching-learning process in the methodological work is a need for the evaluators and for those assessed, who must begin by resizing the functions of teaching to search for an integrative conception that leads to the fulfillment of the methodological recommendations from their dimensions and indicators, as well as making evident the unity of the affective-cognitive-value in the actions of those assessed

Ciprofibrate therapy in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and low high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol: greater reduction of non-HDL cholesterol in subjects with excess body weight (The CIPROAMLAT study)

BACKGROUND: Hypertriglyceridemia in combination with low HDL cholesterol levels is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of ciprofibrate for the treatment of this form of dyslipidemia and to identify factors associated with better treatment response. METHODS: Multicenter, international, open-label study. Four hundred and thirty seven patients were included. The plasma lipid levels at inclusion were fasting triglyceride concentrations between 1.6–3.9 mM/l and HDL cholesterol ≤ 1.05 mM/l for women and ≤ 0.9 mM/l for men. The LDL cholesterol was below 4.2 mM/l. All patients received ciprofibrate 100 mg/d. Efficacy and safety parameters were assessed at baseline and at the end of the treatment. The primary efficacy parameter of the study was percentage change in triglycerides from baseline. RESULTS: After 4 months, plasma triglyceride concentrations were decreased by 44% (p < 0.001). HDL cholesterol concentrations were increased by 10% (p < 0.001). Non-HDL cholesterol was decreased by 19%. A greater HDL cholesterol response was observed in lean patients (body mass index < 25 kg/m(2)) compared to the rest of the population (8.2 vs 19.7%, p < 0.001). In contrast, cases with excess body weight had a larger decrease in non-HDL cholesterol levels (-20.8 vs -10.8%, p < 0.001). There were no significant complications resulting from treatment with ciprofibrate. CONCLUSIONS: Ciprofibrate is efficacious for the correction of hypertriglyceridemia / low HDL cholesterol. A greater decrease in non-HDL cholesterol was found among cases with excess body weight. The mechanism of action of ciprofibrate may be influenced by the pathophysiology of the disorder being treated

Emergence and spread of a B.1.1.28-derived P.6 lineage with Q675H and Q677H spike mutations in Uruguay

Uruguay controlled the viral dissemination during the first nine months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Unfortunately, towards the end of 2020, the number of daily new cases exponentially increased. Herein, we analyzed the country-wide genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 between November 2020 and April 2021. We identified that the most prevalent viral variant during the first epidemic wave in Uruguay (December 2020–February 2021) was a B.1.1.28 sublineage carrying Spike mutations Q675H + Q677H, now designated as P.6, followed by lineages P.2 and P.7. P.6 probably arose around November 2020, in Montevideo, Uruguay’s capital department, and rapidly spread to other departments, with evidence of further local transmission clusters; it also spread sporadically to the USA and Spain. The more efficient dissemination of lineage P.6 with respect to P.2 and P.7 and the presence of mutations (Q675H and Q677H) in the proximity of the key cleavage site at the S1/S2 boundary suggest that P.6 may be more transmissible than other lineages co-circulating in Uruguay. Although P.6 was replaced by the variant of concern (VOC) P.1 as the predominant lineage in Uruguay since April 2021, the monitoring of the concurrent emergence of Q675H + Q677H in VOCs should be of worldwide interest