793 research outputs found
The Golden Ratio Prediction for the Solar Angle from a Natural Model with A5 Flavour Symmetry
We formulate a consistent model predicting, in the leading order
approximation, maximal atmospheric mixing angle, vanishing reactor angle and
tan {\theta}_12 = 1/{\phi} where {\phi} is the Golden Ratio. The model is based
on the flavour symmetry A5 \times Z5 \times Z3, spontaneously broken by a set
of flavon fields. By minimizing the scalar potential of the theory up to the
next-to-leading order in the symmetry breaking parameter, we demonstrate that
this mixing pattern is naturally achieved in a finite portion of the parameter
space, through the vacuum alignment of the flavon fields. The leading order
approximation is stable against higher-order corrections. We also compare our
construction to other models based on discrete symmetry groups.Comment: 28 pages, 2 figures. Minor changes, references added. Corrected typos
in Appendix A. Version appeared on JHE
Fractal space-times under the microscope: A Renormalization Group view on Monte Carlo data
The emergence of fractal features in the microscopic structure of space-time
is a common theme in many approaches to quantum gravity. In this work we carry
out a detailed renormalization group study of the spectral dimension and
walk dimension associated with the effective space-times of
asymptotically safe Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG). We discover three scaling
regimes where these generalized dimensions are approximately constant for an
extended range of length scales: a classical regime where , a
semi-classical regime where , and the UV-fixed point
regime where . On the length scales covered by
three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations, the resulting spectral dimension is
shown to be in very good agreement with the data. This comparison also provides
a natural explanation for the apparent puzzle between the short distance
behavior of the spectral dimension reported from Causal Dynamical
Triangulations (CDT), Euclidean Dynamical Triangulations (EDT), and Asymptotic
Safety.Comment: 26 pages, 6 figure
Running Gauge Coupling in Asymptotically Safe Quantum Gravity
We investigate the non-perturbative renormalization group behavior of the
gauge coupling constant using a truncated form of the functional flow equation
for the effective average action of the Yang-Mills-gravity system. We find a
non-zero quantum gravity correction to the standard Yang-Mills beta function
which has the same sign as the gauge boson contribution. Our results fit into
the picture according to which Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG) is asymptotically
safe, with a vanishing gauge coupling constant at the non-trivial fixed point.Comment: 27 page
The Interplay Between GUT and Flavour Symmetries in a Pati-Salam x S4 Model
Both Grand Unified symmetries and discrete flavour symmetries are appealing
ways to describe apparent structures in the gauge and flavour sectors of the
Standard Model. Both symmetries put constraints on the high energy behaviour of
the theory. This can give rise to unexpected interplay when building models
that possess both symmetries. We investigate on the possibility to combine a
Pati-Salam model with the discrete flavour symmetry that gives rise to
quark-lepton complementarity. Under appropriate assumptions at the GUT scale,
the model reproduces fermion masses and mixings both in the quark and in the
lepton sectors. We show that in particular the Higgs sector and the running
Yukawa couplings are strongly affected by the combined constraints of the Grand
Unified and family symmetries. This in turn reduces the phenomenologically
viable parameter space, with high energy mass scales confined to a small region
and some parameters in the neutrino sector slightly unnatural. In the allowed
regions, we can reproduce the quark masses and the CKM matrix. In the lepton
sector, we reproduce the charged lepton masses, including bottom-tau
unification and the Georgi-Jarlskog relation as well as the two known angles of
the PMNS matrix. The neutrino mass spectrum can present a normal or an inverse
hierarchy, and only allowing the neutrino parameters to spread into a range of
values between and , with .
Finally, our model suggests that the reactor mixing angle is close to its
current experimental bound.Comment: 62 pages, 4 figures; references added, version accepted for
publication in JHE
Infrared fixed point in quantum Einstein gravity
We performed the renormalization group analysis of the quantum Einstein
gravity in the deep infrared regime for different types of extensions of the
model. It is shown that an attractive infrared point exists in the broken
symmetric phase of the model. It is also shown that due to the Gaussian fixed
point the IR critical exponent of the correlation length is 1/2. However,
there exists a certain extension of the model which gives finite correlation
length in the broken symmetric phase. It typically appears in case of models
possessing a first order phase transitions as is demonstrated on the example of
the scalar field theory with a Coleman-Weinberg potential.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, final version, to appear in JHE
Contrasting bee pollination in two co-occurring distylic species of Cordia (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) in the Brazilian semi-arid Caatinga: generalist in C. globosa vs. specialist in C. leucocephala
Renormalization group equation and scaling solutions for f(R) gravity in exponential parametrization
We employ the exponential parametrization of the metric and a \u201cphysical\u201d gauge fixing procedure to write a functional flow equation for the gravitational effective average action in an f(R) truncation. The background metric is a four-sphere and the coarse-graining procedure contains three free parameters. We look for scaling solutions, i.e. non-Gaussian fixed points for the function f. For a discrete set of values of the parameters, we find simple global solutions of quadratic polynomial form. For other values, global solutions can be found numerically. Such solutions can be extended in certain regions of parameter space and have two relevant directions. We discuss the merits and the shortcomings of this procedure. \ua9 2016, The Author(s)
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