Learning Together 1: an educational model for training GPs, paediatricians: initial findings.

Learning Together is primarily an educational intervention, where paediatric registrars [SpRs] and General Practice (GP) registrars [GPSTs] see children together in a primary care setting. Over a six month period in 2013/2014, 44 learning pairs were set up mainly in North East and Central London. Proof of concept for the model at scale was achieved. Reported learning demonstrated: clinical learning themes of new knowledge, skill and communication skills; and collaborative themes of ongoing collaboration, satisfaction with team working and change in attitudes. These themes were identified in both sets of trainees. The self-reported learning is backed up by the results of a retrospective notes review of four common conditions based on NICE guidelines; constipation, asthma, feverish illness and eczema (CAFE). Guidance adherence improved from 57% before the intervention in solo GP training consultations to 72% during the joint clinic intervention (p < 0.01). After the intervention when the GP registrars returned to normal consultations, guidance adherence was 77% compared to before the intervention (p < 0.01). In addition 99% of the parents, who handed in feedback forms or took part in interviews, reported a good experience of care, and 87% reported increased confidence to manage their children's health following the consultation. A second, linked article examines the cost utility of Learning Together in its South London extension

Criminal Law—Statutory Definition of Knowledge—State v. Shipp, 93 Wn. 2d 510, 610 P.2d 1322 (1980)

In State v. Shipp the Washington Supreme Court interpreted the meaning of knowledge as used in Washington\u27s criminal culpability statute. Defendants in three different trials were convicted of crimes requiring proof of knowledge. In each case the trial court gave jury instructions directing the jury to find that a person has knowledge if it finds that \u27he has information which would lead a reasonable person in the same situation to believe that [the relevant] facts exist.\u27 The issue in Shipp was whether these instructions, which were taken almost verbatim from the statute, were correct. This note argues that, contrary to the view expressed by the Shipp majority, the statutory definition of criminal knowledge, RCW § 9A.08.010(l)(b), can be interpreted reasonably in only one way: The jury must find that a defendant had knowledge of the fact in question if it finds that a reasonable person in the same situation possessing the same information would have had such knowledge. In other words, for the purposes of the Washington criminal code, this note argues that the term knowledge has been redefined by the Washington Legislature to embrace not only actual knowledge, but constructive knowledge as well. This interpretation of the statute can withstand an attack on constitutional grounds. Further, although it does yield a substantial inconsistency within the statute, this interpretation is directed by well-established rules of statutory construction

A Bio-economic Model of a Shrimp Hatchery in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam

Shrimp culture areas and production of the Mekong Delta cover about 60 percent of the total shrimp areas and production of Vietnam. Especially, the Delta contributes about 80 percent of the total shrimp production for export. Rapid development of the shrimp industry is raising a number of serious problems that need to be solved. Shrimp seed supply (post larvae production) plays an essential role in the shrimp industry and it is one of the most important constraints to the development of the shrimp industry in the Delta. The focus of this study is aimed at obtaining an improvement in both the profit per day and post larvae production of the shrimp hatchery in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam. A Monte Carlo simulation approach was applied to develop a stochastic and dynamic bio-economic model of a shrimp hatchery in the Delta. Initial results and policy recommendations are based on the analysis of the hatchery system simulation using a forward recursion approach and by changing the most important assumptions.Shrimp hatchery, larval stage, system simulation modelling, Agricultural and Food Policy, Production Economics,

The "Ancren Riwle"

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Of Milton’s First Disobedience and the Fruit of the Tree: “Ad Patrem” As Prologue to Paradise Lost

In Paradise Lost, first published in 1667, John Milton assumes the role of God’s advocate to make the case that God’s decrees are beyond reproach; humankind’s eternal death sentence and the banishment from Eden, issued as a result of Adam and Eve’s disobedience, are not excessive punishments. Twelve books and nearly ten thousand lines later, however, Milton’s argument seems to contradict itself. The Archangel Michael tells Adam that in the fullness of time, a new Paradise will be established as a place of joy and wonder far superior to the original Eden; and ironically, this wondrous ending is an eventuality only made possible because Adam and Eve disobeyed God. Milton sets out explicitly seeking to justify God’s ways to mankind but he implicitly justifies man’s first disobedience against God by arguing that mankind would never have known anything better than Eden if Adam and Eve had simply been content to obey God.“Ad Patrem,” composed within a few years of Milton’s finishing his M.A. at Cambridge College in 1632, followed his rejection of a career in either the clergy or the courts; he chose instead to devote himself to a more secluded life of study and authorship. Explicitly written as an epistle of thanks to his father, within the space of seventeen lines, it becomes a challenge to the father’s authority. The poet contradicts his stated purpose, arguing that even though he is grateful for his father’s generosity, it would be wrong for him not to disobey the father and pursue his own ends.In order to better understand why Milton came to write Paradise Lost, a close reading of “Ad Patrem” is not merely incidental; it is essential. Milton’s apparent contradiction in —beginning with his justification of God to man and yet ending with a justification of man’s disobedience to God—is neither a contradiction nor an unintended accident. Indeed, Paradise Lost, Milton’s mature masterpiece, perfects an argument that the poet first articulated in his little-known work of Latin juvenilia entitled “Ad Patrem” (“To His Father”)

Valuing Theory and Practice: Using a Portfolio Lens to Publish Research on Projects

This article maps the contributions project scholars can make in management journals. Research on projects cuts across disciplinary boundaries, with scholars working in institutions with different norms, epistemologies, rewards, and selection environments. But this diversity can make it hard to know where to publish. We hope our map of the publication landscape—the “V diagram”—will help project scholars better understand and respect one another’s diverse contributions and make conversations across the field flourish

The effects of velocities and lensing on moments of the Hubble diagram

We consider the dispersion on the supernova distance-redshift relation due to peculiar velocities and gravitational lensing, and the sensitivity of these effects to the amplitude of the matter power spectrum. We use the MeMo lensing likelihood developed by Quartin, Marra & Amendola (2014), which accounts for the characteristic non-Gaussian distribution caused by lensing magnification with measurements of the first four central moments of the distribution of magnitudes. We build on the MeMo likelihood by including the effects of peculiar velocities directly into the model for the moments. In order to measure the moments from sparse numbers of supernovae, we take a new approach using Kernel Density Estimation to estimate the underlying probability density function of the magnitude residuals. We also describe a bootstrap re-sampling approach to estimate the data covariance matrix. We then apply the method to the Joint Light-curve Analysis (JLA) supernova catalogue. When we impose only that the intrinsic dispersion in magnitudes is independent of redshift, we find $\sigma_8=0.44^{+0.63}_{-0.44}$ at the one standard deviation level, although we note that in tests on simulations, this model tends to overestimate the magnitude of the intrinsic dispersion, and underestimate $\sigma_8$. We note that the degeneracy between intrinsic dispersion and the effects of $\sigma_8$ is more pronounced when lensing and velocity effects are considered simultaneously, due to a cancellation of redshift dependence when both effects are included. Keeping the model of the intrinsic dispersion fixed as a Gaussian distribution of width 0.14 mag, we find $\sigma_8 = 1.07^{+0.50}_{-0.76}$.Comment: 16 pages, updated to match version accepted in MNRA

Transparency on scientific instruments

Scientists and commercial scientific instrument makers have a shared incentive against discloseing an instrument maker's contributions to research. Stricter rules to encourage reporting of such collaboration would help to improve transparency and reproducibility

UNL’s Wiley Journal Downloads: 2014-2020

Because the field of librarianship has been examining its relationship to commercial academic publishers and their \u27Big Deal\u27 journal packages, the authors elected to examine one such package, Wiley\u27s. The authors\u27 hoped to determine whether the University of Nebraska-Lincoln\u27s usage was concentrated enough and consistent enough over a multi-year interval for download data to be useful in identifying journals for hypothetical individual subscriptions or for inclusion in a hypothetical smaller, UNL-specific package