24,519 research outputs found
Generalised Calogero-Moser models and universal Lax pair operators
Calogero-Moser models can be generalised for all of the finite reflection
groups. These include models based on non-crystallographic root systems, that
is the root systems of the finite reflection groups, H_3, H_4, and the dihedral
group I_2(m), besides the well-known ones based on crystallographic root
systems, namely those associated with Lie algebras. Universal Lax pair
operators for all of the generalised Calogero-Moser models and for any choices
of the potentials are constructed as linear combinations of the reflection
operators. The consistency conditions are reduced to functional equations for
the coefficient functions of the reflection operators in the Lax pair. There
are only four types of such functional equations corresponding to the
two-dimensional sub-root systems, A_2, B_2, G_2, and I_2(m). The root type and
the minimal type Lax pairs, derived in our previous papers, are given as the
simplest representations. The spectral parameter dependence plays an important
role in the Lax pair operators, which bear a strong resemblance to the Dunkl
operators, a powerful tool for solving quantum Calogero-Moser models.Comment: 37 pages, LaTeX2e, no macro, no figur
On possible interactions between upper and lower atmosphere
Geomagnetic data was compared with data on tropospheric and stratospheric circulation characteristics; a statistically significant shrinking was found in areal extent of the stratospheric vortex from the third to the eighth day following a 'geomagnetic storm' The meridionality of the 30 640-m contour line at 10 millibars increases markedly from 5 to 8 days after the storm. During the contraction of the polar vortex edge, the mean height of the vortex central contour decreases only slightly. This indicates that a stratospheric warming event is associated with a steepening of the contour gradient rather than a warming over the entire area of the stratospheric polar vortex. The troposphere reacts to these weak, but significant, stratospheric warming events by a shrinkage of the area of the 500-millibar cold air pool. This shrinkage commences about 3 days after the stratospheric warming. The investigation indicates that the energy input into the stratosphere that is received in conjunction with the geomagnetic disturbance has to come at a propitious time, when the stratospheric-tropospheric circulation system is not already undergoing a major readjustment because of an inherent dynamic instability
Buffalo National River Ecosystems - Part II
The priorities were established for the Buffalo National River Ecosystem Studies through meetings and correspondence with Mr. Roland Wauer and other personnel of the Office of Natural Sciences, Southwest Region of the National Park Service. These priorities were set forth in the appendix of contract no. CX 700050443 dated May 21, 1975
Anomalous Fisher-like zeros for the canonical partition function of noninteracting fermions
Noninteracting fermions, placed in a system with a continuous density of
states, may have zeros in the -fermion canonical partition function on the
positive real axis (or very close to it), even for a small number of
particles. This results in a singular free energy, and instability in other
thermal properties of the system. In the context of trapped fermions in a
harmonic oscillator, these zeros are shown to be unphysical. By contrast,
similar bosonic calculations with continuous density of states yield sensible
results.Noninteracting fermions, placed in a system with a continuous density
of states yield sensible results.Comment: 5 pages and 5 figure
Skyrme Crystal In A Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
The ground state of a two-dimensional electron gas at Landau level filling
factors near is a Skyrme crystal with long range order in the
positions and orientations of the topologically and electrically charged
elementary excitations of the ferromagnetic ground state. The lowest
energy Skyrme crystal is a square lattice with opposing postures for
topological excitations on opposite sublattices. The filling factor dependence
of the electron spin-polarization, calculated for the square lattice Skyrme
crystal, is in excellent agreement with recent experiments.Comment: 3 pages, latex, 3 figures available upon request from
[email protected]
Chiral boundary conditions for Quantum Hall systems
A quantum mesoscopic billiard can be viewed as a bounded electronic system
due to some external confining potential. Since, in general, we do not have
access to the exact expression of this potential, it is usually replaced by a
set of boundary conditions. We discuss, in addition to the standard Dirichlet
choice, the other possibilities of boundary conditions which might correspond
to more complicated physical situations including the effects of many body
interactions or of a strong magnetic field. The latter case is examined more in
details using a new kind of chiral boundary conditions for which it is shown
that in the Quantum Hall regime, bulk and edge characteristics can be described
in a unified way.Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures, to be published in the Proceedings of the
Minerva workshop on Mesoscopics, Fractals and Neural Networks, Phil. Mag.
(1997
STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN THE U.S. MEAT AND POULTRY INDUSTRIES
Market structure, concentration, meat industry, poultry industry, Industrial Organization,
CONSOLIDATION IN U.S. MEATPACKING
Meatpacking consolidated rapidly in the last two decades: slaughter plants became much larger, and concentration increased as smaller firms left the industry. We use establishment-based data from the U.S. Census Bureau to describe consolidation and to identify the roles of scale economies and technological change in driving consolidation. Through the 1970's, larger plants paid higher wages, generating a pecuniary scale diseconomy that largely offset the cost advantages that technological scale economies offered large plants. The larger plants' wage premium disappeared in the 1980's, and technological change created larger and more extensive technological scale economies. As a result, large plants realized growing cost advantages over smaller plants, and production shifted to larger plants.Concentration, consolidation, meatpacking, scale economies, structural change, Industrial Organization, Livestock Production/Industries,
The Influence of Formulation, Buffering, pH and Divalent Cations on the Activity of Endothall on Hydrilla.
Endothall has been used as an aquatic herbicide for more
than 40 years and provides very effective weed control of
many weeds. Early research regarding the mechanism-of-action
of endothall contradicts the symptomology normally associated
with the product. Recent studies suggest endothall
is a respiratory toxin but the mechanism-of-action remains
unknown. To further elucidate the activity of endothall, several
endothall formulations were evaluated for their effects
on ion leakage, oxygen consumption and photosynthetic oxygen
evolution from hydrilla shoot tips. The influence of pH,
buffering and divalent cations was also evaluated. (PDF contains 6 pages.
- …