Factores individuales que protegen o favorecen el riesgo de suicidio adolescente: estudio cualitativo con grupos focales

The aim of this study was to know the individual factors associated to risk and protection on suicide in adolescents from a high school from Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico; from a students, teachers and psychotherapist view. Through a qualitative analysis of the information got in focus groups, have found that the main risk factors are depression, inadequate  emotional management and a lack of sense of life; while the protective factors from suicide are problem solving capacity, optimism and self-esteem. The findings are discussed from the support of specialized literature, and recommendations and practical implications are made.El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer los factores individuales asociados al riesgo y protección ante el suicidio en adolescentes de una preparatoria de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México; desde la visión de estudiantes, profesores y terapeutas. Mediante un análisis cualitativo de la información obtenida a través de los grupos focales, se encontró que los principales factores de riesgo son la depresión, el manejo inadecuado de emociones y la carencia de un sentido de vida; mientras que los factores que protegen del riesgo suicida son, la capacidad de resolución de problemas, el optimismo y la autoestima. Los hallazgos se discuten desde el soporte de la literatura especializada, así mismo se realizan recomendaciones e implicaciones prácticas

Factores individuales que protegen o favorecen el riesgo de suicidio adolescente: estudio cualitativo con grupos focales

The aim of this study was to know the individual factors associated to risk and protection on suicide in adolescents from a high school from Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico; from a students, teachers and psychotherapist view. Through a qualitative analysis of the information got in focus groups, have found that the main risk factors are depression, inadequate  emotional management and a lack of sense of life; while the protective factors from suicide are problem solving capacity, optimism and self-esteem. The findings are discussed from the support of specialized literature, and recommendations and practical implications are made.El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer los factores individuales asociados al riesgo y protección ante el suicidio en adolescentes de una preparatoria de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México; desde la visión de estudiantes, profesores y terapeutas. Mediante un análisis cualitativo de la información obtenida a través de los grupos focales, se encontró que los principales factores de riesgo son la depresión, el manejo inadecuado de emociones y la carencia de un sentido de vida; mientras que los factores que protegen del riesgo suicida son, la capacidad de resolución de problemas, el optimismo y la autoestima. Los hallazgos se discuten desde el soporte de la literatura especializada, así mismo se realizan recomendaciones e implicaciones prácticas

Sex Differences in Mental Status and Coping Strategies among Adult Mexican Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

We performed a cross-sectional study in order to determine the association between stress coping strategies and stress, depression, and anxiety, in which the Mexican population was invited to answer these variables by an electronic questionnaire. A total of 1283 people were included, of which 64.8% were women. Women presented higher levels of stress, depression, and anxiety than men; likewise, women showed a higher frequency of some maladaptive coping strategies (behavioral disengagement and denial) and lower levels of some adaptive ones (active coping and planning); additionally, maladaptive coping strategies were positively correlated with stress and depression in both sexes: self-blame, behavioral disengagement, denial, substance use, and self-distraction. Likewise, there were negative correlations between stress and depression and the adaptive strategies: planning, active coping, acceptance, and positive reframing. For women, religion presented negative correlations with stress, depression, and anxiety, and humor showed low positive correlations with stress, anxiety, and depression. In conclusion, most adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies are common in both sexes with the exception of religion, which seems to be adaptive in women and neutral in men, and humor, which seems to be adaptive in men and maladaptive in women. In addition, emotional and instrumental support seem to be neutral in both sexes

Association of Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Stress-Coping Strategies with Somatization and Number of Diseases According to Sex in the Mexican General Population

Somatization and number of diseases are interrelated variables, whose association with stress-coping strategies, according to sex, has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate such association in a sample of the Mexican general population. The general population was invited to answer an electronic questionnaire via the social networks—e-mail, WhatsApp and Facebook—by the research team. A sample of 1008 adults was obtained, of which 62.2% were women, in whom we detected higher levels of negative psychological variables, somatization and number of diseases and lower levels of sleep quality. Positive moderate correlations were found between depresion, anxiety and stress with somatization, on one hand, and with the number of diseases, on the other, and negative moderate correlations were found between sleep quality and the two dependent variables. As for the coping strategies, self-blame, behavioral disengagement, denial, self-distraction and substance use were positively correlated with somatization. Of these, self-blame, substance use, and self-distraction also showed a positive correlation with number of diseases in both sexes. Negative correlations were detected for active coping and the two dependent variables in men and for religion and planning with somatization in women. In conclusion, the coping strategies showed significant correlations with somatization and number of diseases in both sexes