Heterotropic pregnancy: A report of two cases

Heterotropic pregnancy is reported infrequently in Nigeria. Two cases were managed within the span of five yearswith the successful delivery of a live termbaby in one of the patients.Ahigh clinical index of suspicion is required because an intra uterine gestation does not rule out a co-existing ectopic gestation especially in this region with high twinning rate and tubal disease. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Vol. 11 (1) 2008: pp. 86-8

WEB BASED PRODUCT E-COMMERCE RECOMMENDER SYSTEM USING A KNOWLEDGE CASE BASED ALGORITHM

Understanding customer needs is crucial to gaining and retaining customers in a web store, on online e-commerce applications. In order to ensure a versatile system for e-commerce, the pattern generated by customers when they click icons to select some particular products on an e-commerce website, based on their choice, ought to be studied, recorded and built-up into a database. Data mining techniques can then be applied in mining and analyzing information for this database in order to help wholesaler and retailers, improve sales, marketing strategies and product advertisement. In this paper, a conceptualized a framework for determining customers’ product choice and factors involved in choosing online commodities is proposed. The system is tailored for phone products

A FUZZY-BASED BUSINESS DECISION MAKING SYSTEM: FROM A MULTI-OBJECTIVE PERSPECTIVE

In order to provide essential managerial services for making critical business-biased decisions, there is need for accurate data. A business activity hinged on an effective administrative course of action will not only portray the manager of the business as adept but also help advance the financial interests of the organization, while minimizing its losses in this respect. In this paper, a decision making model for controlling business activities is developed, using a fusion of linear programming methods and a set of fuzzy membership functions. In the research conducted, it is revealed that: to improve the effectiveness of a model used for making multiple objective decisions for business related activities, the use of a fuzzy method is more effective than the use of a non-fuzzy method in minimizing the objective functions. It was also discovered that when computing the objective functions of a problem, a more precise result can be obtained by fortifying a linear programming model, with a technique for managing imprecise data

Chronic uterine inversion secondary to submucous fibroid: A case report

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What Are the Implications of the Covid-19 Situation Now and in the Future on Rural Women in Agriculture in Nigeria

The outbreak of Corona Virus Pandemic in Wuhan City in China and its eventual spread to other nations of the world including Nigeria has crippled the world economy including that of Nigeria which relied mainly on primary products.  The unfortunate aspect of the pandemic is the fact that the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) has now diverted its scarce resources from the sector that served as the main stay of the economy to the health sector in an attempt to save life. The implication of this is the neglect of agricultural production at a very crucial period when pre and planting operations should be on-going. The consequential effect of this is shortage of essential food items in the market with rural women bearing the brunt. Currently in the country, price of essential staple food items has gone up astronomically as a result of the pandemic. In order to mitigate the effect of this pandemic, the paper suggests that rural women engaged in agriculture should be given access to micro loans via provision of financial and technical support to grassroots farmers/groups while new innovations and techniques such as farm mechanization, use of mini-planters, harvesters and other time-labour-saving equipment should be encouraged to serve as substitute to scarcity of farm labour. Keywords: COVID-19, Implications, Rural Women, Agricultural Products and Technology DOI: 10.7176/JESD/11-10-18 Publication date:May 31st 2020

Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus in the private blood banking sector in Osogbo, Southwest Nigeria

Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is an agent of Transfusion Transmissible Infection (TTI) which serves as a threat to blood safety and sufficiency of blood and blood products supply.Objectives: This study aimed at determining the distribution patterns of HCV among potential blood donors in a private Blood Bank in Osogbo, Nigeria.Materials and Methods: Over a period of 6 months, 290 consenting prospective blood donors were recruited for this study by convenient sampling technique. Pre-test counseling was done, before blood specimen collection and laboratory serological analysis was carried out, using third generation Enzyme Immunoassay Technique.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 35.99 ±10.94 years. A total of 6 participants (2.07%) tested positive for anti-HCV. In this study, HCV prevalence has no association with age and blood type, but it does with the donor type, where the prevalence is higher among commercial blood donors.Conclusion: The rates were lower than the previous studies in Nigeria perhaps this is due to the positive effect of public awareness on transfusion transmissible infections and the fact that majority of the donors were regular donors. Blood transfusion services should be further strengthened by establishment of blood transfusion committees at State level, to regulate and monitor the practice, especially in the private sector, with a view to ensure that stringent criteria are adhered to in blood donors’ selection.Keywords: Blood Safety, Hepatitis C Virus, Serology and Private sector

Immunoglobulin levels cannot replace CD4+ cell count as markers in HIV care

Background: HIV infection predisposes to AIDS by depleting the immunity of the host. The cellular and humoral immune response markers that can be used to monitor the progress of the disease and treatment are the CD4+ cells and immunoglobulins respectively. Aim: This work was carried out to determine immunoglobulin levels and CD4+ cell count in HIV negative individuals, HIV positive subjects on HAART and treatment naïve HIV positive subjects to provide useful information for effective management of HIV infection. Methods: Thirty participants (Female-11; Male-19; aged 18- 60 years ) were recruited for each of the groups: HIV infected individuals on HAART, HIV- infected individuals not yet on treatment and HIV- negative adults; to give cumulative number of participants of 90. Cyflometry method was used for CD4 count using Partec CD4 machine, plasma IgA, IgG and IgM were measured by ELISA while HIV tests were carried out using immunochromatographic and ELISA assays. Results: The participants were adults in the age range of 18 to 60 years and majority in terms of gender were male (63.3%) in all the groups. Data collected through questionnaire revealed that majority of the participants (>50%) in each group had education above secondary school level with 83.3% taking balance diet regularly. In every group as well, some participants (>40%) take both multivitamin supplements and herbal concoction. There was no significant difference in the plasma value of IgA, IgG and IgM in HIV negative, HIV positive participants on HAART and treatment naive participants using ANOVA (p>0.05). However, there was a significantly higher CD4+ Cell Count in HIV Negative participants compared with HIV Positive participants on HAART and treatment naïve participants(p<0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in plasma immunoglobulins A, G and M in HIV positive patients on HAART, HIV treatment naïve and HIV negative control while CD4+ T-cells count was significantly higher in HIV negative participants compared with HIV positive individuals

An Assessment of ICT Literacy Among Secondary School Students in a Rural Area of Kwara State, Nigeria: A Community Advocacy Approach

In recent times, public schools in Nigeria have enjoyed some benefits in terms of deployment of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), but no constant attention and continuous interest is paid to fill the digital gap between schools in the rural and urban areas. The contribution of private sectors in the education system has elevated the use of ICT in both private and public schools especially in the urban areas of Nigeria. However, schools in rural areas have not benefitted much in this area. This research used community advocacy program referred to as COBES (Community Based Experience Scheme) to assess ICT literacy of secondary school students in a rural area of Kwara State, Nigeria. The study employed mixed research approach that combined both quantitative and qualitative data collection strategies. The initial findings of the study revealed low level of ICT skills among secondary school students in the rural area. Although, majority of the students who served as the respondents claimed they have computer teacher and can operate computer systems, yet, the study showed that there is dearth of ICT facilities for hands-on training. Nevertheless, through the one week long COBES program, the findings from three focus group discussion conducted at the end of the COBES program showed that students‟ interest to use ICT increased and majority of them expressed their willingness to continue interacting with computer and internet facilities. Findings further revealed that the main reason for low ICT skills is the lack of ICT facilities for teaching and learning. The study recommended that ICT project implementation should be uniform in all public schools in Nigeria, irrespective of whether it is located in the urban or rural area, adequate and skilled computer studies teachers should be made available and government should put in place mechanisms that will ensure proper maintenance of the ICT facilitie

Student Web Self-Service Portal for a Tertiary Institution

The optimum condition for students to study is in an environment where they can access virtually all they need to know about courses, lecturers, locate places (for fresh and prospective students), validate staff identity, access past examination questions easily, identify vacant student hostels within and outside the school premises. Some of the reasons for students’ failure can be attributed to finding accommodation within or outside the school premises. Also, fresh students find it difficult to locate specific places in the university environment and some students find it very difficult to interact with staff. This paper presents a student self-service portal to address some of these challenges. Unified Modeling Language (UML) was used to model the system. The model was implemented using Microsoft C#, Microsoft ASP.net, Microsoft SQL Server, and Google Map. The proposed system was tested and the result obtained during the execution shows that the system is capable of addressing some of the challenges confronted by students.Keywords: Web Self-Service, Portal, Students, SQL, Unified Modeling Language (UML)

Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C and Human Immunodeficiency Virus antibodies in a population of students of tertiary institution in Nigeria

Objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C viruses (HCV) are major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. They are also among the commonest transfusiontransmissible infectious agents. Students of higher institutions are often used as voluntary unpaid donors by many hospitals in Nigeria. In this study, the prevalence of HIV and HCV and HBsAg is determined in a population of students attending Ladoke Akintola University of Technology in south west Nigeria, to provide background information on the burden of these infections in this population. Materials and Methods: Serum samples were obtained from students of the Pre-degree Science programme of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho and tested for antibodies to HIV, HCV and HBsAg using the ELISA procedure. Results: The prevalence rates of antibodies to HIV and HCV in the student population were 0% and 4.8%, respectively and that of HBsAg was 9.5%. Conclusion: The findings of this study which showed that the prevalence of antibodies to HIV and of HBsAg in this group of students is somewhat similar to those carried out in similar populations. This strongly suggests that the viral burden amongst this population of students is similar and that probably similar factors (demographic) are responsible for maintaining this level of viral load. Further studies would be needed to elucidate the reasons why this is the case. Also it would be necessary to reemphasize the methods of prevention of transmission of these viruses, and to ensure their implementation in order to reduce the viral levels and therefore avoid the long term sequalae.Key words: Transfusion, Infection, Blood Donatio