Dacryocystostomies par voieendonasale:indications et technique chirurgicale

Introduction : La dacryocystorhinostomie consiste à dériver le contenu du sac lacrymal directement vers la lumière de la fosse nasale correspondante en réalisant une large ouverture dans la paroi osseuse et muqueuse du sac, court-circuitant ainsi le canal lacrymonasal obturé. nous nous proposons, à travers cette étude rétrospective, de discuter les aspects techniques chirurgicaux de la dacryocystostomie par voie endonasale et de revoir les indications opératoires.Mots-clefs : dacryocystite ; dacryocystorhinostomie ; chirurgie endonasaleThe purpose of dacryocystorhinostomy is to derive the content of the lacrimal sac directly into the light of the corresponding nasal cavity by making a large opening in the bony wall and sac mucosa, by passing the blocked nasolacrimal duct. We intend, through this retrospective study, discuss the technical aspects of surgical dacryocystostomy by endonasal and review the indications for surgery.Keywords : dacryocystitis; dacryocystorhinostomy; endonasal surgery

Child injury mortality in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Reducing child injury mortality is an important factor in directing national and international policy-makers to program appropriate cause-specific interventions. The systematic review and meta-analysis study was performed to provide a clear view of child injury mortality in Iran. Methods: A systematic electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, and Elmnet was performed to identify the Persian and English articles published between 2005 and 2018. All studies reporting child injury mortality were gathered according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria. After quality appraisal, data were extracted and analyzed. Results: Twelve studies with an overall sample size of 22,721 met our inclusion criteria. The prevalence of mortality due to road accident, falling, drowning, poisoning and other causes of death were 56.8, 11.3, 8.6, 5.7 and, 17.6, respectively. The proportion of injury in all-cause mortality in 0�19 and 0�6 age groups were 11.9 and 16.9, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a relatively high mortality rate for road traffic accidents, which should be taken into account seriously. Developing preventive policies is essential to achieve better standards of road transportation and reduce related mortality in Iran. © 201

Efects of selenium supplementation on soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and glutathione peroxidase levels and the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 ratio in pregnant women

© 2015, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Background: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, which is associated with increased maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress associated with preeclampsia may be a consequence of reduced antioxidant defense pathways that might involve inadequate glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels, perhaps linked to reduced selenium availability. The soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) that contributes to endothelial dysfunction may be partially responsible for the clinical manifestation of preeclampsia. Furthermore, elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) are found in preeclamptic women. Hence, the PAI1: PAI2 ratio maybe a predictor of preeclampsia. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efects of selenium supplementation on sFlt-1, GPx activity and PAI1: PAI2 ratio in pregnant women. Materials and Methods: A total of 125 high-risk pregnant women (with a familial history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other risk factors for preeclampsia) in the frst trimesters of pregnancy were assigned to either selenium (n = 61) or placebo (n = 64) groups. The selenium group received 100 μg/day of selenium as a selenium-yeast tablet for six months. The placebo group received a placebo yeast tablet for the same period. At the beginning of the trial and at the end, blood samples were collected and the levels of sFlt-1, PAI-1, PAI2 and GPx were measured in blood serum and plasma. Results: Serum selenium concentrations were raised in the selenium group (P < 0.001) from the frst to the third trimester, but was unchanged in the placebo group (P = 0.85). The results showed that sFlt-1 had signifcantly increased in both groups by the end of the gestation period, and selenium supplementation had no signifcant efect on the selenium group (P = 0.51). However, GPx activity was signifcantly increased in the selenium treatment group after supplementation compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The PAI1: PAI2 ratio was not signifcantly diferent between the two groups (P = 0.44). Conclusions: Selenium intake during the second and third trimester of pregnancy increased GPx activity but did not have

Efects of selenium supplementation on soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and glutathione peroxidase levels and the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 ratio in pregnant women

© 2015, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Background: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, which is associated with increased maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress associated with preeclampsia may be a consequence of reduced antioxidant defense pathways that might involve inadequate glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels, perhaps linked to reduced selenium availability. The soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) that contributes to endothelial dysfunction may be partially responsible for the clinical manifestation of preeclampsia. Furthermore, elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) are found in preeclamptic women. Hence, the PAI1: PAI2 ratio maybe a predictor of preeclampsia. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efects of selenium supplementation on sFlt-1, GPx activity and PAI1: PAI2 ratio in pregnant women. Materials and Methods: A total of 125 high-risk pregnant women (with a familial history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other risk factors for preeclampsia) in the frst trimesters of pregnancy were assigned to either selenium (n = 61) or placebo (n = 64) groups. The selenium group received 100 μg/day of selenium as a selenium-yeast tablet for six months. The placebo group received a placebo yeast tablet for the same period. At the beginning of the trial and at the end, blood samples were collected and the levels of sFlt-1, PAI-1, PAI2 and GPx were measured in blood serum and plasma. Results: Serum selenium concentrations were raised in the selenium group (P < 0.001) from the frst to the third trimester, but was unchanged in the placebo group (P = 0.85). The results showed that sFlt-1 had signifcantly increased in both groups by the end of the gestation period, and selenium supplementation had no signifcant efect on the selenium group (P = 0.51). However, GPx activity was signifcantly increased in the selenium treatment group after supplementation compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The PAI1: PAI2 ratio was not signifcantly diferent between the two groups (P = 0.44). Conclusions: Selenium intake during the second and third trimester of pregnancy increased GPx activity but did not have