High-yield cellulase production in solid-state fermentation by Trichoderma reesei SEMCC-3.217 using water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

In this study, the strain Trichoderma reesei SEMCC-3.217 was used for producing cellulase in solid-state fermentation with water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). The results of fractional factorial design showed that, the addition amount of wheat bran, (NH4)2SO4, CaCl2 and Tween 80 had significant effect on the cellulase production. Then, these four factors were selected for further optimization by central composite design for the yield of cellulase. The statistical analysis of the results showed that, the optimum composition were: 5 g of substrate containing 3.9 g water hyacinth, 1% corn steep liquor, 1% soybean meal, 0.2% NH4NO3, 0.2% KH2PO4, 0.08% MgSO4·7H2O, 2.8% (NH4)2SO4, 1.5% urea, 13.9% wheat bran, 0.08% ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.08% FeCl2 0.05% CaCl2, 0.08% NaNO3, 0.08% KCl and 0.27% (v/v) Tween-80. Under these conditions, the cellulase production was 4-fold increased (13.4 FPIU/g dry solid) compared with the initial level (3.4 FPIU/g dry solid) after 7 days of fermentation in a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask.Key words: Cellulase, solid-state fermentation, optimization, water hyacinth, Trichoderma reesei

The enhancement of TiO?photocatalytic activity by hydrogen thermal treatment

Author name used in this publication: H. LiuAuthor name used in this publication: X. Z. Li2002-2003 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalAccepted ManuscriptPublishe

Elastoplastic phase field model for microstructure evolution

2005-2006 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Interval valued (\in,\ivq)-fuzzy filters of pseudo BLBL-algebras

We introduce the concept of quasi-coincidence of a fuzzy interval value with an interval valued fuzzy set. By using this new idea, we introduce the notions of interval valued (\in,\ivq)-fuzzy filters of pseudo $BL$-algebras and investigate some of their related properties. Some characterization theorems of these generalized interval valued fuzzy filters are derived. The relationship among these generalized interval valued fuzzy filters of pseudo $BL$-algebras is considered. Finally, we consider the concept of implication-based interval valued fuzzy implicative filters of pseudo $BL$-algebras, in particular, the implication operators in Lukasiewicz system of continuous-valued logic are discussed

Analysis of Functionally Graded Plates Subjected to Hygrothermomechanical Loads

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Development of an optimal control strategy for the centralized cooling water system in international commerce centre of Hong Kong

2007-2008 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Alkanes-assisted low temperature formation of highly ordered SBA-15 with large cylindrical mesopores

Highly ordered SBA-15 silicas with large cylindrical mesopores (similar to 15 nm) are successfully obtained with the help of NH4F by controlling the initial reaction temperatures in the presence of excess amounts of alkanes

Decreased Serum Free Testosterone in Workers Exposed to High Levels of Di-n-butyl Phthalate (DBP) and Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP): A Cross-Sectional Study in China

BACKGROUND: Observations of adverse developmental and reproductive effects in laboratory animals and wildlife have fueled increasing public concern regarding the potential for various chemicals to impair human fertility. OBJECTIVE: Our objective in this study was to assess the effect of occupational exposure to high levels of phthalate esters on the balance of gonadotropin and gonadal hormones including luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, free testosterone (fT), and estradiol. METHODS: We examined urine and blood samples of 74 male workers at a factory producing unfoamed polyvinyl chloride flooring exposed to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and compared them with samples from 63 male workers from a construction company, group matched for age and smoking status. RESULTS: Compared to the unexposed workers, the exposed workers had substantially and significantly elevated concentrations of mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP; 644.3 vs. 129.6 μg/g creatinine, p < 0.001) and mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP; 565.7 vs. 5.7 μg/g creatinine, p < 0.001). fT was significantly lower (8.4 vs. 9.7 μg/g creatinine, p = 0.019) in exposed workers than in unexposed workers. fT was negatively correlated to MBP (r = −0.25, p = 0.03) and MEHP (r = −0.19, p = 0.095) in the exposed worker group. Regression analyses revealed that fT decreases significantly with increasing total phthalate ester score (the sum of quartiles of MBP and MEHP; r = −0.26, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: We observed a modest and significant reduction of serum fT in workers with higher levels of urinary MBP and MEHP compared with unexposed workers

Quantum Simulation of Tunneling in Small Systems

A number of quantum algorithms have been performed on small quantum computers; these include Shor's prime factorization algorithm, error correction, Grover's search algorithm and a number of analog and digital quantum simulations. Because of the number of gates and qubits necessary, however, digital quantum particle simulations remain untested. A contributing factor to the system size required is the number of ancillary qubits needed to implement matrix exponentials of the potential operator. Here, we show that a set of tunneling problems may be investigated with no ancillary qubits and a cost of one single-qubit operator per time step for the potential evolution. We show that physically interesting simulations of tunneling using 2 qubits (i.e. on 4 lattice point grids) may be performed with 40 single and two-qubit gates. Approximately 70 to 140 gates are needed to see interesting tunneling dynamics in three-qubit (8 lattice point) simulations.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure