187 research outputs found
Weak solutions for forward--backward SDEs--a martingale problem approach
In this paper, we propose a new notion of Forward--Backward Martingale
Problem (FBMP), and study its relationship with the weak solution to the
forward--backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs). The FBMP extends
the idea of the well-known (forward) martingale problem of Stroock and
Varadhan, but it is structured specifically to fit the nature of an FBSDE. We
first prove a general sufficient condition for the existence of the solution to
the FBMP. In the Markovian case with uniformly continuous coefficients, we show
that the weak solution to the FBSDE (or equivalently, the solution to the FBMP)
does exist. Moreover, we prove that the uniqueness of the FBMP (whence the
uniqueness of the weak solution) is determined by the uniqueness of the
viscosity solution of the corresponding quasilinear PDE.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOP0383 the Annals of
Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
The influence of risk culture on the performance of international joint-venture securities
With the development of economic globalization, culture is a key factor supporting the sustainability of foreign direct investment (FDI), especially for multinational enterprises. This paper takes the Chinese capital market as a sample and, combined with interviews with managers of international joint-venture securities (IJVS), finds that the culture of participants formed in developed and emerging capital market has a significant impact on the performance of IJVS. Using the degree of price fluctuation to measure the risk culture of each capital market, this paper observes that the risk culture in the Chinese capital market is significantly stronger than that of developed countries. This paper also finds that the stronger the risk culture IJVS shareholders have, the better they can adapt to the environment of the Chinese capital market and the better the performance they can achieve. Furthermore, risk culture distance, calculated by the risk culture differences between foreign shareholders and Chinese capital market, are significantly negatively correlated with IJVS performance and efficiency
SelF-Eval: Self-supervised Fine-grained Dialogue Evaluation
This paper introduces a novel Self-supervised Fine-grained Dialogue
Evaluation framework (SelF-Eval). The core idea is to model the correlation
between turn quality and the entire dialogue quality. We first propose a novel
automatic data construction method that can automatically assign fine-grained
scores for arbitrarily dialogue data. Then we train \textbf{SelF-Eval} with a
multi-level contrastive learning schema which helps to distinguish different
score levels. Experimental results on multiple benchmarks show that SelF-Eval
is highly consistent with human evaluations and better than the
state-of-the-art models. We give a detailed analysis of the experiments in this
paper. Our code is available on GitHub.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, 5 table
3D-VisTA: Pre-trained Transformer for 3D Vision and Text Alignment
3D vision-language grounding (3D-VL) is an emerging field that aims to
connect the 3D physical world with natural language, which is crucial for
achieving embodied intelligence. Current 3D-VL models rely heavily on
sophisticated modules, auxiliary losses, and optimization tricks, which calls
for a simple and unified model. In this paper, we propose 3D-VisTA, a
pre-trained Transformer for 3D Vision and Text Alignment that can be easily
adapted to various downstream tasks. 3D-VisTA simply utilizes self-attention
layers for both single-modal modeling and multi-modal fusion without any
sophisticated task-specific design. To further enhance its performance on 3D-VL
tasks, we construct ScanScribe, the first large-scale 3D scene-text pairs
dataset for 3D-VL pre-training. ScanScribe contains 2,995 RGB-D scans for 1,185
unique indoor scenes originating from ScanNet and 3R-Scan datasets, along with
paired 278K scene descriptions generated from existing 3D-VL tasks, templates,
and GPT-3. 3D-VisTA is pre-trained on ScanScribe via masked language/object
modeling and scene-text matching. It achieves state-of-the-art results on
various 3D-VL tasks, ranging from visual grounding and dense captioning to
question answering and situated reasoning. Moreover, 3D-VisTA demonstrates
superior data efficiency, obtaining strong performance even with limited
annotations during downstream task fine-tuning
Evidence of a role for prolactin as regulators of ovarian follicular development in goose
Background: Prolactin (PRL) regulates development and reproduction,
and its effects are mediated by the prolactin receptor (PRLR). In order
to clarify the role of PRLR and PRL in the process of follicular
development in the goose ovary, the level of PRLR mRNA expression in
the ovary and follicles of the Sichuan white goose was determined, as
well as the PRL concentration in ovarian follicles. Results: The
level of PRLR mRNA in the hierarchical follicles (HFs) initially
increased, and subsequently decreased, whereas PRLR expressionwas
initially lowand later increased in postovulatory follicles (POFs). The
level of PRLR mRNA expression was the highest in the F4 follicles, and
lowest in the F1 follicles in all of the examined follicles. Compared
with the level of PRLR mRNA expression in the small white follicles
(SWFs), the level of PRLR mRNA was 2.86- and 1.44-fold higher in the F4
and small yellow follicles (SYFs), respectively (P < 0.05). The
level of PRLR mRNA expression in the F4 follicles was highest (P <
0.05) in HFs. The highest PRL concentration in all of the examined
samples was observed in SYFs and F1, with concentration of 6162 mLU/g
and 6197 mLU/g, respectively. The PRL concentration in SYFs was
significantly higher compared with SWFs (P < 0.05). Conclusions:
The change of PRL concentration was similar to the PRLR mRNA expression
level in preovulatory follicles. These results suggest that the PRL
mediated by the PRLR plays a stimulatory role in the SWF to SYF
transition
- …