Towards a Graph-based Data Model for Semantics Evolution

Semantic information comes from the things being recognized and understood gradually, and thus it is often in evolution during the modeling process. Existing semantic models usually describe the objects and the relationships in an application-oriented way, which is unsuitable to reuse the schemas during the semantics evolution. In this paper, we propose a new graph-based semantic data model to overcome the limitation. SemGraph adopts a meaning-oriented approach to specifying the subjective view of the things and uses the certain meta-meaning relationships to build a graph-based semantic model. The model is simple but expressive, and is especially fit for the semantics evolution. We introduce the basic concepts and the essential mechanisms of the model, demonstrate its features with examples and typical cases of semantics evolution

The hot issues of studies in China on digital information resources: Based on co-word analysis

With the SPSS and the help of factor method and hierarchical clustered method, journal articles on digital information resources (DIR) from CNKI in the past ten years are analyzed with a co-word analytical method in this paper. The hot issues of studies on DIR and the relationship between those subjects are analyzed in this investigation as well.</p

The Communication of Health Knowledge in Social Media under the Special Chinese Culture Context: The Moderating Effect of Loss of Face

The communication of health knowledge in social media plays an important role in public health literacy and health behavior promotion. But with the accumulation of user-generated health information in social media, more and more misleading health information, health gossip and health rumors are inhibiting the communication of health knowledge and breaking the balance of information ecology in social media. This study focuses on the information ecology in social media and contributes to the communication of health knowledge in social media ecology, highlighting the characteristics of health knowledge and the special Chinese culture. A communication explanatory framework was constructed and 329 samples were tested leveraging PLS. The results indicate that fear communication and trust communication both act as effective communication forms contributing to the communication of health knowledge; face communication acts as a barrier constraining the trust communication while no effect on fear communication

A Plant Documentation Information System Design

Traditional systems do not have the descriptive ability to represent the complex, multi-faceted nature of complex documentation structures such as engineering systems descriptions. This has led to significant information management difficulties in maintaining documentation which reflects, in a consistent and up-to-date way, the current state of the documentation systems. The formal method has been widely recognized as a precise way to define the structure of a complex documentation system. In this paper, a formal approach to model petrochemical plan information is presented. The motivations of using formal methods in the design of a heterogeneous documentation management system are described. The paper focuses on the issue of using formal specification to clarify our understanding of the problem and as a basis for the design of a multipurpose documentation supporting tool, which can link different databases and provide users different modelling methods to support the operations of complex document structures. 1

Opinion Leaders and Structural Hole Spanners Influencing Echo Chambers in Discussions About COVID-19 Vaccines on Social Media in China: Network Analysis

BackgroundSocial media provide an ideal medium for breeding and reinforcing vaccine hesitancy, especially during public health emergencies. Algorithmic recommendation–based technology along with users’ selective exposure and group pressure lead to online echo chambers, causing inefficiency in vaccination promotion. Avoiding or breaking echo chambers largely relies on key users’ behavior. ObjectiveWith the ultimate goal of eliminating the impact of echo chambers related to vaccine hesitancy on social media during public health emergencies, the aim of this study was to develop a framework to quantify the echo chamber effect in users’ topic selection and attitude contagion about COVID-19 vaccines or vaccinations; detect online opinion leaders and structural hole spanners based on network attributes; and explore the relationships of their behavior patterns and network locations, as well as the relationships of network locations and impact on topic-based and attitude-based echo chambers. MethodsWe called the Sina Weibo application programming interface to crawl tweets related to the COVID-19 vaccine or vaccination and user information on Weibo, a Chinese social media platform. Adopting social network analysis, we examined the low echo chamber effect based on topics in representational networks of information, according to attitude in communication flow networks of users under different interactive mechanisms (retweeting, commenting). Statistical and visual analyses were used to characterize behavior patterns of key users (opinion leaders, structural hole spanners), and to explore their function in avoiding or breaking topic-based and attitude-based echo chambers. ResultsUsers showed a low echo chamber effect in vaccine-related topic selection and attitude interaction. For the former, the homophily was more obvious in retweeting than in commenting, whereas the opposite trend was found for the latter. Speakers, replicators, and monologists tended to be opinion leaders, whereas common users, retweeters, and networkers tended to be structural hole spanners. Both leaders and spanners tended to be “bridgers” to disseminate diverse topics and communicate with users holding cross-cutting attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines. Moreover, users who tended to echo a single topic could bridge multiple attitudes, while users who focused on diverse topics also tended to serve as bridgers for different attitudes. ConclusionsThis study not only revealed a low echo chamber effect in vaccine hesitancy, but further elucidated the underlying reasons from the perspective of users, offering insights for research about the form, degree, and formation of echo chambers, along with depolarization, social capital, stakeholder theory, user portraits, dissemination pattern of topic, and sentiment. Therefore, this work can help to provide strategies for public health and public opinion managers to cooperate toward avoiding or correcting echo chamber chaos and effectively promoting online vaccine campaigns

Evolutionary Game Modeling and Analysis of Competitive Dissemination between Disinformation and Knowledge on Social Media

The dissemination of disinformation has become a thorny issue in the era of social media, and knowledge can play a crucial role in tackling this problem. However, currently more research interest lies in the disinformation dissemination model, but ignores the interaction between disinformation and knowledge in the diffusion process. In order to explore the evolutionary path and stable strategy for the competitive dissemination between disinformation and knowledge on social media, an evolutionary game model based on social capital theory is proposed in this paper. By model solving and numerical simulation, the initial dissemination willingness, the disinformation infection probability, the knowledge infection probability, and the knowledge penetration probability are demonstrated to be important factors affecting the game equilibrium in the competitive dissemination process of disinformation and knowledge. Moreover, some countermeasures and suggestions for the governance of disinformation are put forward. The present study reveals the dynamic mechanism of social media users disseminating disinformation and knowledge, and is expected to promote the formation of a cleaner cyberspace