10 research outputs found
Influence Robustness of Nodes in Multiplex Networks against Attacks
Recent advances have focused mainly on the resilience of the monoplex network
in attacks targeting random nodes or links, as well as the robustness of the
network against cascading attacks. However, very little research has been done
to investigate the robustness of nodes in multiplex networks against targeted
attacks. In this paper, we first propose a new measure, MultiCoreRank, to
calculate the global influence of nodes in a multiplex network. The measure
models the influence propagation on the core lattice of a multiplex network
after the core decomposition. Then, to study how the structural features can
affect the influence robustness of nodes, we compare the dynamics of node
influence on three types of multiplex networks: assortative, neutral, and
disassortative, where the assortativity is measured by the correlation
coefficient of the degrees of nodes across different layers. We found that
assortative networks have higher resilience against attack than neutral and
disassortative networks. The structure of disassortative networks tends to
break down quicker under attack
Sustained Release of IGF-1 by 3D Mesoporous Scaffolds Promoting Cardiac Stem Cell Migration and Proliferation
Background/Aims: C-kit-positive cardiac stem cells (CSCs) may have potential as a treatment for cardiovascular disease. However, the low survival rates of c-kit-positive CSCs present a major challenge during the transplantation process. Methods: The hierarchical structure of the 3D cell scaffold was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. Analyses of the proliferation and migration performances of the IGF-1 scaffold on c-kit-positive CSCs were conducted by experiments including QuantiT PicoGreen dsDNA and transwell assays. Results: In this study, we synthesized for the first time a novel hierarchical macro-mesoporous silica material (denoted MS15-c) in a one-pot procedure for the release of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and a three-dimensional (3D) cell scaffold. Both macropores and mesopores were visible in MS15-c and enabled the sustained release of IGF-1, extending its half-life and enhancing CSC proliferation and migration. Proliferation and migration were detected by QuantiT PicoGreen dsDNA and transwell assays, respectively. Moreover, an in vivo experiment was conducted to detect heart function with the addition of MS15-c. The new strategy proposed in this paper may extend the bio-applications of 3D cell scaffolds, thus permitting the sustained release of growth factors and efficient promotion of cell proliferation. Conclusion: This work successfully demonstrated an effective strategy for the construction of MS15-c cell scaffolds with hierarchical macro-mesoporous structures. The macro-mesoporous structures gave cell scaffolds the ability to release a growth factor to facilitate cell growth, while the scaffold structure promoted cell proliferation