An integrated approach to quantifying uncertainties in the remaining carbon budget

The remaining carbon budget quantifies the future CO2 emissions to limit global warming below a desired level. Carbon budgets are subject to uncertainty in the Transient Climate Response to Cumulative CO2 Emissions (TCRE), as well as to non-CO2 climate influences. Here we estimate the TCRE using observational constraints, and integrate the geophysical and socioeconomic uncertainties affecting the distribution of the remaining carbon budget. We estimate a median TCRE of 0.44 °C and 5–95% range of 0.32–0.62 °C per 1000 GtCO2 emitted. Considering only geophysical uncertainties, our median estimate of the 1.5 °C remaining carbon budget is 440 GtCO2 from 2020 onwards, with a range of 230–670 GtCO2, (for a 67–33% chance of not exceeding the target). Additional socioeconomic uncertainty related to human decisions regarding future non-CO2 emissions scenarios can further shift the median 1.5 °C remaining carbon budget by ±170 GtCO2

Nonprehensile Manipulation Control and Task Planning for Deformable Object Manipulation: Results from the RoDyMan Project

This chapter aims the broadcasting of the results achieved by the RoDyMan project about the task planning manipulation of deformable objects, and the nonprehensile manipulation control. The final demonstrator of the project is a pizza-making process. After an introduction to the general topic of nonprehensile manipulation, the mechatronic design and the high-level software architecture are described. Then, the smoothed particle hydrodynamic formulation is briefly introduced, along with the description of a detection method for a deformable object. The task planning for stretching a modelling clay, emulating the pizza dough, is sketched. After, the problematic control objective is split into several nonprehensile motion primitives: holonomic and nonholonomic rolling, friction-induced manipulation, and tossing are the described primitives. This chapter highlights the achievements reached so far by the project, and pave the way towards future research directions