Composto Orgânico Com Altos Níveis De Ni: Efeitos No Solo E Na Cultura De Morango

The use of organic residues can improve soil chemical and physical conditions and plant growth. However, these residues often contain heavy metals that can interfere with growth. Here, a pot experiment was performed to compare the effects of organic compound (OC) containing a high nickel (Ni) load with those of a mineral Ni source (NiCl2, a soluble salt) on the production, quality and nutritional status of strawberry and on soil chemistry. Six dosages of Ni (0, 9, 18, 36, 72 and 144 mg kg-1) were added to the soil using both OC and NiCl2. The use of high-Ni OC resulted in increased productivity and fruit weight, whereas the soluble NiCl2 salt caused reduction in fruit weight. Application of NiCl2 at concentrations >18 mg kg-1 also caused internerval chlorosis on leaves, suggesting that strawberry is highly sensitive to Ni. The mineral Ni source was almost 15-fold more effective than the organic source at increasing leaf Ni content. Application of OC caused an increase of organic matter, Ca, sum of bases, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, Zn, Mn, and Cu, but reduced the levels of Mg in soil. © 2016, Departamento de Engenharia Agricola - UFCG/Cnpq. All rights reserved.20872272

Composição e extração de nutrientes por trachy- pogon plumosus sob adubação e idades de rebrota

n pasture management, the availability of soil nutrients, and use of adequate rest periods, consistent with the grass morphological and physiological characteristics, are important factors for obtaining high quality forage and, consequently, satisfactory levels of animal production. To evaluate the effects of soil fertility correction (control, liming, fertilization and liming + fertilization) and regrowth ages (28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 days) on chemical composition and nutrient extraction of Trachypogon plumosus in the Roraima's sa- vannas. The nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, mag- nesium and potassium contents were inversely proportional to regrowth ages, while cell wall components increased consistently with regrowth ages. The highest N and K contents were recorded with fertilization or liming + fertilization, while control or liming alone provided higher P, Ca and Mg contents. Regrowth ages promoted quadratics effects on nutrients extraction and maximum values were estimated at 67.8 (26.71 kg ha -1 of N), 63.4 (2.82 kg ha -1 of P), 62.9 (5.17 kg ha -1 of Ca), 68.4 (3.32 kg ha -1 de Mg) and 66.0 days (12.71 kg ha -1 of K). The nutrient extraction by the grass followed the decreasing order: N > K > Ca > Mg > P. Fertilization and liming + fertilization improved nutrients extraction and forage quality with lower fiber contents.No manejo de pastagens, a adequada disponibilidade de nutrientes do solo e a utilização de períodos de descanso compatíveis com as características morfofisiológicas da gramínea são fatores importantes para a obtenção de forragem de alta qualidade e, consequentemente, índices satisfatórios de produtividade animal. Avaliaram- se os efeitos da correção da fertilidade do solo (testemunha, calagem, adubação e calagem + adubação) e da idade de rebrota (28, 42, 56, 70 e 84 dias) sobre a composição química e extração de nutrientes por Trachypogon plumosus nos cerrados de Roraima. Os teores de nitrogênio, fósforo, cálcio, magnésio e potássio foram inversamente proporcionais às idades de rebrota, ocorrendo o oposto quanto aos teores dos constituintes da parede celular. Os maiores teores de N e K foram obtidos com a adubação e a calagem + adubação, enquanto que a testemunha apresentou maiores teores de P, Ca e Mg. O efeito da idade de rebrota sobe a extração de nutrientes foi quadrático e os máximos valores registrados aos 67,8 (26,71 kg ha -1 de N), 63,4 (2,82 kg ha -1 de P), 62,9 (5,17 kg ha -1 de Ca), 68,4 (3,32 kg ha -1 de Mg) e 66,0 dias (12,71 kg ha -1 de K). A máxima extração de macronutrientes foi, em ordem decrescente, a seguinte: N > K > Ca > Mg > P. A adubação e a calagem + adubação proporcionaram maior extração de nutrientes e forragem de melhor qualidade com menor teor de fibras