15,064 research outputs found
Quantized Non-Abelian Monopoles on S^3
A possible electric-magnetic duality suggests that the confinement of
non-Abelian electric charges manifests itself as a perturbative quantum effect
for the dual magnetic charges. Motivated by this possibility, we study vacuum
fluctuations around a non-Abelian monopole-antimonopole pair treated as point
objects with charges g=\pm n/2 (n=1,2,...), and placed on the antipodes of a
three sphere of radius R. We explicitly find all the fluctuation modes by
linearizing and solving the Yang-Mills equations about this background field on
a three sphere. We recover, generalize and extend earlier results, including
those on the stability analysis of non-Abelian magnetic monopoles. We find that
for g \ge 1 monopoles there is an unstable mode that tends to squeeze magnetic
flux in the angular directions. We sum the vacuum energy contributions of the
fluctuation modes for the g=1/2 case and find oscillatory dependence on the
cutoff scale. Subject to certain assumptions, we find that the contribution of
the fluctuation modes to the quantum zero point energy behaves as -R^{-2/3} and
hence decays more slowly than the classical -R^{-1} Coulomb potential for large
R. However, this correction to the zero point energy does not agree with the
linear growth expected if the monopoles are confined.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures. Minor changes, reference list update
Heat wave propagation in a nonlinear chain
We investigate the propagation of temperature perturbations in an array of
coupled nonlinear oscillators at finite temperature. We evaluate the response
function at equilibrium and show how the memory effects affect the diffusion
properties. A comparison with nonequilibrium simulations reveals that the
telegraph equation provides a reliable interpretative paradigm for describing
quantitatively the propagation of a heat pulse at the macroscopic level. The
results could be of help in understanding and modeling energy transport in
individual nanotubes.Comment: Revised version, 1 fig. adde
Faraday patterns in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
Faraday patterns can be induced in Bose-Einstein condensates by a periodic
modulation of the system nonlinearity. We show that these patterns are
remarkably different in dipolar gases with a roton-maxon excitation spectrum.
Whereas for non-dipolar gases the pattern size decreases monotonously with the
driving frequency, patterns in dipolar gases present, even for shallow roton
minima, a highly non trivial frequency dependence characterized by abrupt
pattern size transitions, which are especially pronounced when the dipolar
interaction is modulated. Faraday patterns constitute hence an optimal tool for
revealing the onset of the roton minimum, a major key feature of dipolar gases.Comment: 4 pages, 10 figure
Comment on ``Sound velocity and multibranch Bogoliubov spectrum of an elongated Fermi superfluid in the BEC-BCS crossover"
The work by T. K. Ghosh and K. Machida [cond-mat/0510160 and Phys. Rev. A 73,
013613 (2006)] on the sound velocity in a cylindrically confined Fermi
superfluid obeying a power-law equation of state is shown to make use of an
improper projection of the sound wave equation. This inaccuracy fully accounts
for the difference between their results and those previously reported by
Capuzzi et al. [cond-mat/0509323 and Phys. Rev. A 73, 021603(R) (2006)]. In
this Comment we show that both approaches lead exactly to the same result when
the correct weight function is used in the projection. Plots of the correct
behavior of the phonon and monopole-mode spectra in the BCS, unitary, and BEC
limits are also shown.Comment: Comment on cond-mat/051016
Multifractal dimensions for all moments for certain critical random matrix ensembles in the strong multifractality regime
We construct perturbation series for the q-th moment of eigenfunctions of
various critical random matrix ensembles in the strong multifractality regime
close to localization. Contrary to previous investigations, our results are
valid in the region q<1/2. Our findings allow to verify, at first leading
orders in the strong multifractality limit, the symmetry relation for anomalous
fractal dimensions Delta(q)=Delta(1-q), recently conjectured for critical
models where an analogue of the metal-insulator transition takes place. It is
known that this relation is verified at leading order in the weak
multifractality regime. Our results thus indicate that this symmetry holds in
both limits of small and large coupling constant. For general values of the
coupling constant we present careful numerical verifications of this symmetry
relation for different critical random matrix ensembles. We also present an
example of a system closely related to one of these critical ensembles, but
where the symmetry relation, at least numerically, is not fulfilled.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figure
Non-Hermitian Adiabatic Quantum Optimization
We propose a novel non-Hermitian adiabatic quantum optimization algorithm.
One of the new ideas is to use a non-Hermitian auxiliary "initial'' Hamiltonian
that provides an effective level repulsion for the main Hamiltonian. This
effect enables us to develop an adiabatic theory which determines ground state
much more efficiently than Hermitian methods.Comment: Minor corrections, 1 figure, 9 page
Magnetoconductance of carbon nanotube p-n junctions
The magnetoconductance of p-n junctions formed in clean single wall carbon
nanotubes is studied in the noninteracting electron approximation and
perturbatively in electron-electron interaction, in the geometry where a
magnetic field is along the tube axis. For long junctions the low temperature
magnetoconductance is anomalously large: the relative change in the conductance
becomes of order unity even when the flux through the tube is much smaller than
the flux quantum. The magnetoconductance is negative for metallic tubes. For
semiconducting and small gap tubes the magnetoconductance is nonmonotonic;
positive at small and negative at large fields.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Piezoconductivity of gated suspended graphene
We investigate the conductivity of graphene sheet deformed over a gate. The
effect of the deformation on the conductivity is twofold: The lattice
distortion can be represented as pseudovector potential in the Dirac equation
formalism, whereas the gate causes inhomogeneous density redistribution. We use
the elasticity theory to find the profile of the graphene sheet and then
evaluate the conductivity by means of the transfer matrix approach. We find
that the two effects provide functionally different contributions to the
conductivity. For small deformations and not too high residual stress the
correction due to the charge redistribution dominates and leads to the
enhancement of the conductivity. For stronger deformations, the effect of the
lattice distortion becomes more important and eventually leads to the
suppression of the conductivity. We consider homogeneous as well as local
deformation. We also suggest that the effect of the charge redistribution can
be best measured in a setup containing two gates, one fixing the overall charge
density and another one deforming graphene locally
Simple one-dimensional quantum-mechanical model for a particle attached to a surface
We present a simple one-dimensional quantum-mechanical model for a particle
attached to a surface. We solve the Schr\"odinger equation in terms of Weber
functions and discuss the behavior of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. We
derive the virial theorem and other exact relationships as well as the
asymptotic behaviour of the eigenvalues. We calculate the zero-point energy for
model parameters corresponding to H adsorbed on Pd(100) and also outline the
application of the Rayleigh-Ritz variational method
Two-photon Double Ionization of H in Intense Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Triple-differential cross sections for two-photon double ionization of
molecular hydrogen are presented for a central photon energy of 30 eV. The
calculations are based on a fully {\it ab initio}, nonperturbative, approach to
the time-dependent Schroedinger equation in prolate spheroidal coordinates,
discretized by a finite-element discrete-variable-representation. The wave
function is propagated in time for a few femtoseconds using the short,
iterative Lanczos method to study the correlated response of the two
photoelectrons to short, intense laser radiation. The current results often lie
in between those of Colgan {\it et al} [J. Phys. B {\bf 41} (2008) 121002] and
Morales {\it et al} [J. Phys. B {\bf 41} (2009) 134013]. However, we argue that
these individual predictions should not be compared directly to each other, but
preferably to experimental data generated under well-defined conditions.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
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