Effects of visual-motor illusions with different visual stimuli on the sit-to-stand of people with hemiplegia following stroke : A randomized crossover controlled trial

東京都立大学Tokyo Metropolitan University博士（理学療法学）doctoral thesi

Abundance of stratigraphically important planktic foraminifera and biohorizons of ODP Site 186-1150 and Hole 186-1151A

The planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of Sites 1150 and 1151 drilled in the Japan Trench region during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 186 has been examined. At these drill sites, more than 1100 m of sediment, reaching to the middle Miocene, were obtained with good core recovery. Although planktonic foraminiferal records of the two sites are discontinuous, probably because of carbonate dissolution beneath the carbonate compensation depth, 16 stratigraphically important taxa of planktonic foraminifers were detected. Eight biohorizons were recognized in same stratigraphic order between these two sites. With respect to the diatom data, these eight planktonic foraminiferal biohorizons are possibly synchronous for correlating marine strata from the upper Miocene to Pleistocene in the Japan Trench region. The last occurrence of Neogloboquadrina asanoi falls within Olduvai Subchron. Therefore, the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary of both sites is situated a little above this biohorizon

Effects of Carbonated Thickened Drinks on Pharyngeal Swallowing with a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing in Older Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

This study aimed to determine the efficacy of carbonated and sweetened drinks added to thickened liquids, which are routinely used for patients with dysphagia to improve dysphagia. Patients swallowed thin liquid (Thin), thickened liquid (Thick), carbonated thin drink (C-Thin), and carbonated thickened drink (C-Thick) in random order. Penetration and/or aspiration were scored using the Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS). The residue was scored using the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPR-SRS). Swallowing reflex initiation was scored using the Hyodo score. The subjective difficulty of swallowing was scored on a face scale. We analyzed 13 patients with a mean age of 79.6 ± 9.6 years. PAS was significantly lower in the C-Thick group than the Thin group (p p p p < 0.05). C-Thick was easier to swallow than Thick and may improve penetration and/or aspiration in older patients with dysphagia with complex diseases