COVID-19 and dengue coinfection in Latin America: A systematic review

"Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally, becoming a long-lasting pandemic. Dengue is the most common arboviral disease in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. COVID-19 and dengue coinfections have been reported, associated with worse outcomes with significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aims to determine the epidemiological situation of COVID-19 and dengue coinfection in Latin America. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS, and BVS databases from January 1, 2020, to September 4, 2021. The key search terms used were ""dengue"" and ""COVID-19"". Results: Nineteen published articles were included. The studies were case reports with a detailed description of the coinfection’s clinical, laboratory, diagnostic, and treatment features. Conclusion: Coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and dengue virus is associated with worse outcomes with significant morbidity and mortality. The similar clinical and laboratory features of each infection are a challenge in accurately diagnosing and treating cases. Establishing an early diagnosis could be the answer to reducing the estimated significant burden of these conditions.

Sexual Relationships in Hispanic Countries: a Literature Review

This is a pre-print of an article published in Current Sexual Health Reports. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11930-020-00272-6Purpose of Review: Sexuality is a complex dimension for which culture seems to play an important role, particularly in countries that are more traditional. This review summarizes the knowledge about sexual relationships in Hispanic countries, considering sexual debut, attitudes, behaviors, and satisfaction. Recent Findings: In line with the literature reviewed, the sexual double standard seems to be continuing to influence sexual relationships. Some countries show more open expressions of sexuality based on the level of gender inequality or sexualized context, and within countries, variables such as religious commitment, family characteristics, and access to resources may play important roles in sexuality. Summary: Future research, policies, and interventions should consider these specific characteristics, including these forms of expression of sexuality, in the adjustment of cross-cultural and cross-national strategies

Algunas alteraciones fisiol?gicas y morfol?gicas en Maracuya (Passiflora edulis) causadas por deficiencias de algunos elementos esenciales

Tesis (M. Sc) --IICA , Turrialba (Costa Rica), 1970Esta investigaci?n tuvo como principal objetivo desarrollar los s?ntomas visibles y describir las alteraciones anat?micas en la planta de maracuy? (Passiflora edulis), debido a la deficiencia ? carencia de los siguientes elementos esenciales: nitr?geno, f?sforo, potasio, magnesio, calcio, azufre, manganeso, fierro, boro y zinc. Se cultivaron las plantas en soluciones nutritivas, y para provocar las deficiencias o carencias se omiti? el elemento respectivo. Los s?ntomas visibles de una deficiencia avanzada de los elementos mencionados se manifestaron mediante una clorosis caracter?stica de las hojas, as? como deformaciones de dichos ?rganos y necrosis en las yemas en el caso de las deficiencias de calcio y boro. Adem?s, las deficiencias de nitr?geno, calcio y boro redujeron fuertemente el crecimiento de las plantas, y, con menor intensidad, causaron el mismo efecto las deficiencias de f?sforo y magnesio. Las caracter?sticas anat?micas fueron estudiadas en preparaciones permanentes, las cuales se obtuvieron mediante t?cnicas especiales de microtecnia. Las clorosis y otras alteraciones producidas en las hojas por las deficiencias de los elementos estudiados fueron acompa?adas por alteraciones anat?micas, especialmente en el par?nquima en empalizadas y, en menor intensidad, en el par?nquima esponjoso sufriendo los cloroplastos ciertas deformaciones. Estas alteraciones fueron muy severas en el caso de las deficiencias de nitr?geno, calcio y boro. En el tallo las deficiencias de nitr?geno, potasio y boro se manifestaron por una intensa acumulaci?n de almid?n en los tejidos parenquimatosos, siendo esta alteraci?n menos pronunciada en el caso de las deficiencias de magnesio, azufre y zinc. Alteraciones en el cambium fueron provocadas por las deficiencias de azufre, zinc, calcio y boro adem?s, las deficiencias de los ?ltimos dos elementos causaron algunas deformaciones en los elementos del floema. La deficiencia de potasio di? lugar, adem?s, a un mayor engrosamiento de las paredes celulares de los elementos del xilema y una reducci?n del di?metro de los mismos componentes fue provocado por las deficiencias de nitr?geno y boro. Finalmente, las deficiencias de nitr?geno y calcio originaron muy poco engrosamiento de las paredes celulares de las fibras esclerenquim?ticas

Crescimento do maracujazeiro-doce propagado por sementes em função da calagem Growth of sweet passion fruit seedlings as a function of liming

Objetivou-se avaliar as respostas em crescimento do maracujazeiro-doce (Passiflora alata Dryand.) propagado por sementes, quando cultivado sob diferentes níveis de saturação por bases em solos representativos das regiões produtoras de Minas Gerais. O experimento foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação do Departamento de Agricultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLA. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (2 x 4) + 2, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos envolveram dois solos (LATOSSOLO VERMELHO AMARELO distrófico - LVAd e LATOSSOLO VERMELHO distrófico - LVd), quatro níveis de saturação por bases (40, 60, 80 e 100%) mais dois tratamentos adicionais (LVAd sem calagem e LVd sem calagem). Aos 150 dias, determinaram-se o comprimento das hastes, número de folhas por haste, pesos de matéria seca de parte aérea e de raízes e relação raiz/parte aérea. Concluiu-se que, até 150 dias, o maracujazeiro-doce propagado por sementes apresentou maior crescimento vegetativo quando cultivado no LVd, em comparação ao LVAd, com ou sem calagem, e tolerou solos com baixos níveis de saturação por bases; o aumento do nível de saturação por bases no LVd reduziu o crescimento vegetativo do maracujazeiro-doce propagado por sementes, enquanto no LVAd, não influenciou o crescimento vegetativo.<br>ABSTRACT - The objective for this work was to evaluate the growth of sweet passion fruit seedlings (Passiflora alata Dryand.) under different base saturation levels in representative soils of Minas Gerais. The experiment was carried in the greenhouse of the Agriculture Department of the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA). The statistical design used was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (2 x 4) + 2, with four repetitions. The treatments involved two soil classes (Distrophic Red-Yellow Latosol - LVAd and Distrophic Red Latosol - LVd), four base saturation levels (40, 60, 80 and 100%) and two more additional treatments, LVAd without liming and LVd without liming. After 150 days, the stem length, number of leaves, dry matter of shoots and roots and the ratio roots/shoots were evaluated. It was concluded that the largest growth occurred in the LVd, with or without liming. The sweet passion fruit tolerates soils with low base saturation levels. The increase of base saturation levels reduced vegetative growth of plants in the LVd but had no influence in the LVAd, until 150 days