Morphological assessment of concomitant lesions detected in goat herds naturally infected with paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease)

20 páginas, 4 figuras, 3 tablas.Paratuberculosis (PTB), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), causes significant financial losses in the ruminant industry. The aim of this study is to describe the concomitant pathological findings as well as PTB-induced lesions in 39 naturally infected goats (15 vaccinated and 24 non-vaccinated). All animals exhibited MAP-induced microscopic lesions affecting target organs, although only 62% of those were detected grossly. Mainly concomitant inflammatory pathologies were recognized affecting the hemolymphatic, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Non-vaccinated animals exhibited both moderate and marked granulomatous enteritis in contrast with vaccinated ones which presented mild intestinal affection. Our results demonstrate that non-vaccinated animals presented pneumonia in all age groups studied (from 12 up to >48 months old). A significantly higher prevalence of ileocecal valve PTB lesions was detected in non-vaccinated animals with pneumonic lesions (p = 0.027). Furthermore, a reduction of gastrointestinal non-PTB processes was described in vaccinated goats. In conclusion, a PTB infected goat herd can be affected by a wide range of concomitant pathologies, mostly inflammatory in origin. Anatomic pathology is of crucial importance for correct herd diagnosis and histopathology is an indispensable tool for lesion detection. Additionally, anti-MAP vaccination could have a beneficial effect on the reduction of respiratory and gastrointestinal non-PTB diseases. © 2023 by the authors.This research was funded by CajaCanarias Foundation and “la Caixa” Foundation, grant reference number FCC-FC-2019-03 and by the PROID2020010047 grant from the Canary Regional Ministry of Economy, Knowledge and Work through the Canarian Agency for Research, Innovation and Information Society (ACIISI), for the implementation of I+D projects in the Canary RIS-3 priority areas, co-financed through PO FEDER Canarias 2014–2020. Elena Plamenova Stefanova was the recipient of a predoctoral contract of the The Ministry of Universities, Spain (FPU20/03693) and Charter100 2021 scholarship for PhD students’ mobility.Peer reviewe

[Une approche de la recherche publique au travers de ses collectifs de recherche : une vue d'ensemble]

Le but principal de ce rapport est d'établir une comparaison internationale de la recherche publique dans les pays de l'Union européenne (et, plus largement, ceux de l'OCDE). Un deuxième volet propose une approche basée sur l'analyse des collectifs de recherche, afin de développer une méthodologie cohérente pour établir des analyses comparées par pays d'un secteur vital à la sécurité et au bien-être publics. Ce rapport est basé sur un travail qui a montré que l'activité de recherche est une préoccupation collective et que, en utilisant une image provocante, les unités de recherche ou les laboratoires sont à la science ce que les entreprises sont à l'économie : l'unité de production de base

[Une approche de la recherche publique au travers de ses collectifs de recherche : une vue d'ensemble]

Le but principal de ce rapport est d'établir une comparaison internationale de la recherche publique dans les pays de l'Union européenne (et, plus largement, ceux de l'OCDE). Un deuxième volet propose une approche basée sur l'analyse des collectifs de recherche, afin de développer une méthodologie cohérente pour établir des analyses comparées par pays d'un secteur vital à la sécurité et au bien-être publics. Ce rapport est basé sur un travail qui a montré que l'activité de recherche est une préoccupation collective et que, en utilisant une image provocante, les unités de recherche ou les laboratoires sont à la science ce que les entreprises sont à l'économie : l'unité de production de base

Four chromosome scale genomes and a pan-genome annotation to accelerate pecan tree breeding

Genome-enabled biotechnologies have the potential to accelerate breeding efforts in long-lived perennial crop species. Despite the transformative potential of molecular tools in pecan and other outcrossing tree species, highly heterozygous genomes, significant presence–absence gene content variation, and histories of interspecific hybridization have constrained breeding efforts. To overcome these challenges, here, we present diploid genome assemblies and annotations of four outbred pecan genotypes, including a PacBio HiFi chromosome-scale assembly of both haplotypes of the ‘Pawnee’ cultivar. Comparative analysis and pan-genome integration reveal substantial and likely adaptive interspecific genomic introgressions, including an over-retained haplotype introgressed from bitternut hickory into pecan breeding pedigrees. Further, by leveraging our pan-genome presence–absence and functional annotation database among genomes and within the two outbred haplotypes of the ‘Lakota’ genome, we identify candidate genes for pest and pathogen resistance. Combined, these analyses and resources highlight significant progress towards functional and quantitative genomics in highly diverse and outbred crops. © 2021, The Author(s).Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]