3 research outputs found

    Energy balance measurements over a banana orchard in the Semiarid region in the Northeast of Brazil

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    The objective of this work was to evaluate the reliability of eddy covariance measurements, analyzing the energy balance components, evapotranspiration and energy balance closure in dry and wet growing seasons, in a banana orchard. The experiment was carried out at a farm located within the irrigation district of Quixeré, in the Lower Jaguaribe basin, in Ceará state, Brazil. An eddy covariance system was used to measure the turbulent flux. An automatic weather station was installed in a grass field to obtain the reference evapotranspiration (ET0) from the combined FAO-Penman-Monteith method. Wind speed and vapor pressure deficit are the most important variables on the evaporative process in both growing seasons. In the dry season, the heat fluxes have a similar order of magnitude, and during the wet season the latent heat flux is the largest. The eddy covariance system had acceptable reliability in measuring heat flux, with actual evapotranspiration results comparing well with those obtained by using the water balance method. The energy balance closure had good results for the study area, with mean values of 0.93 and 0.86 for the dry and wet growing seasons respectively

    Distribuição do sistema radicular da bananeira 'Prata-Anã' em duas freqüências de fertirrigação com uréia Distribution of the 'Prata Anã' root system in two urea fertirrigation frequencies

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    O conhecimento da distribuição das raízes da bananeira subsidia informações para orientar a melhor localização de água e fertilizantes, resultando em incremento da produtividade do pomar. Em Latossolo Amarelo distrófico argissólico, em sistema de fileiras duplas (4 x 2 x 2 m), avaliou-se a distribuição do sistema radicular da bananeira 'Prata-Anã', antes da colheita do 2º ciclo, em duas freqüências de fertirrigação com uréia (400 kg de N/ha/ano), a cada 3 dias (F1) e a cada 15 dias (F2). As raízes foram coletadas em diferentes profundidades e distâncias, utilizando tubo metálico, sendo separadas do solo e quantificadas pelo programa GS Root. A maior freqüência de aplicação de N e de água (3 dias) favoreceu a densidade de raízes, em comparação com a menor freqüência (15 dias). A maior concentração de raízes ocorreu nas camadas superficiais, até 0,30 m, e entre a planta e o microaspersor. Predominaram raízes de diâmetro entre 0,2 e >1,5 mm, tanto nas camadas superficiais (0 a 0,20 m de profundidade) quanto entre a planta e o microaspersor.<br>The knowledge of the distribution of roots in bananas generates information that guide the location of water and fertilizers, resulting an increase in crop yield in banana plantations. The 'Prata Anã' banana root distribution system, in loam clay sandy Yellow Latosol, before harvest of the second cycle, was evaluated in two urea fertirrigation frequencies (400 kg of N/ha/year) every 3 days (F1) and 15 days (F2). Root samples were collected in different distances and depths with a metallic tube, separated from the soil and quantified using the GSRoot software. Higher urea fertirrigation frequency (3 days) favored root density, in relation to the 15 days frequency. The amount of roots in the superficial layers (up to 0.30 m) was greater, decreasing with the depth, as well as for the plant in the direction of the micro sprinkler, and less in the opposite direction. Roots of diameter between 0.2 to >1.5 mm prevailed in the superficial layers and beside the plant in the direction of the micro sprinkler

    Evapotranspiração e coeficiente da cultura do mamoeiro Evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of papaya

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    O trabalho teve como objetivos determinar a evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc) e o coeficiente da cultura (Kc) para o mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.). O experimento foi realizado na área de convênio UENF/PESAGRO-RIO, no município de Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, no período de 25-4-2006 a 20-8-2007, utilizando o mamoeiro cultivar Híbrido UENF/CALIMAN01. Para a determinação da ETc e do Kc, foi utilizado lisímetro de pesagem com área superficial de 6 m². A evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) foi estimada pelo método de Penman-Monteith (FAO). A evapotranspiração máxima da cultura foi de 2,9 mm dia-1, aos 229 dias após o transplantio (DAT), sendo a evapotranspiração média da cultura, em todo o período, de 1,8 mm dia ¹. O valor do Kc do mamoeiro variou linearmente de 0,63 até 1,05, do transplantio até 206 DAT. Após esse período, a variação do Kc relacionou-se inversamente com o diâmetro de copa, reduzindo-se ao valor médio mínimo de 0,81, aos 300 DAT. Considerando todo o período em estudo, obteve-se Kc médio de 0,87.<br>This study aimed to determine the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and the crop coefficient (Kc) for of UENF/CALIMAN01 papaya hybrid (Carica papaya L.). The experiment was conducted in an area of UENF/PESAGRO-RIO, in Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil, from 4-25-2006 to 8-20-2007. To determine the ETc and Kc, a weighing lysimeter (6 m²) was used. The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was determined by the Penmam-Monteith (FAO) method. The maximum crop evapotranspiration was of 2.9 mm day-1, 229 days after the transplant (DAT), and the medium crop evapotranspiration during the experiment was of 1.8 mm day-1. The value of crop coefficient (Kc) varied linearly from 0.63 to 1.05, the transplant to 206 DAT. After this period, the variation of Kc presented inversely relation with the canopy diameter, being reduced to a value medium minimum of 0.81, to 300 DAT. Considering the whole period of study, it was obtained an average Kc of 0.87
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