Spain, the International Campus of Excellence Initiative. One of twelve case studies produced as part of the project on structural reform in higher education

This study analyses how different types of system-level (or ‘landscape’) structural reforms in higher education have been designed and implemented in selected higher education systems. In the 12 case studies that form the core of the project, the researchers examine reforms aimed at: • Increasin..

Bulgarian sport policy 1945-1989: A strategic relation perspective

The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games have stimulated discussions about the success of different sport systems and the Chinese model in particular. Revisiting explanations of sport in the former communist countries of Eastern Europe during the Cold War seems timely, as the current Chinese model of sport was largely designed after the Soviet example established in this period. This paper examines Bulgarian sport policy between 1945 and 1989. It employs a Strategic Relation approach (Jessop, 1990) to analyse sport policy making as a strategic relation closely linked to the dominant state project of building a new stateness. It goes beyond ideological interpretations and argues that the state represents a strategic terrain where these relations have to be established in struggles, the outcomes of which are always uncertain. Furthermore, past and present struggles and their outcomes create various socio-political environments that presuppose the forms of state selectivity and intervention in sport. The process of constructing sport policy was influenced by two main categories of strategic relations: intra-state, including political, organisational and personal relations between the Party, state apparatus and various sport and non-sport organisations and their managers, and transnational, concerning ideological, political, economic and organisational relations with both communist and western countries and international sport organisations

The Effect of Organization Restructuring on Organization Performance Viewed From Employee Performance and Leadership Effectiveness at Maluku Provincial Education Office

The focus of this research is to comprehensively analyze the effect of organization restructuring on the performance of the organization, directly or indirectly, involving 276 employees in the education office and the Ministry of Education and Culture offices and collected by survey method. Data analysis was done using causal correlation technique to see the effect of organization restructuring on organization performance. The results of the research indicate that there is a direct influence of organization restructuring on organization performance. Another result is that there is an indirect effect of restructuring through employee performance and leadership effectiveness on organization performance. The influence of organization performance improvement is due to, organization restructuring implemented in Maluku Province education office has lead to behavior change, where the employees of education office were able to improve individual performance and can work together with the leadership as an efficient and effective structure. This has an impact on improving organization performance

Sport and education: Sport in secondary schools for all or for some?

The place of sport in schools has always been controversial and struggled to gain legitimacy and acceptance as a part of the formal curriculum. While some commentators argue sport has no place in the curriculum, others claim it is too important to be left to chance and, like other aspects of education, it can and should be pursued for its own intrinsic value. For example, Siedentop (1982, p. 2) stated, 'if sport is equal to other ludic [movement] forms (art, drama, music and dance) both for the individual and the culture; and if more appropriate participation in sport represents a positive step in cultural evolution then sport in education is justified'. From another but still supportive perspective, Arnold (1997, p. I) claimed, 'sport is a trans-cultural valued practice ... and despite its corruption from time to time it is inherently concerned with concepts, ethical principles and moral values which are universally applicable and justified as a form of education