Agronomic performance of cowpea cultivars (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) under application of limestone doses.

Evaluating agricultural management practices, such as liming, is essential in regions with acidic soils to increase the yield of agricultural crops. The aim was to evaluate soil fertility, agronomic performance, and grain quality of cowpea cultivars under application of limestone doses

Does the sowing period change the grain technological quality of cowpea cultivars?.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the sowing period changes the grain technological quality of cowpea cultivars and to indicate which of these have the highest technological quality when grown in the Center-South region of Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with a 6 x 3 factorial arrangement, using six cowpea cultivars (BRS Itaim, BRS Guariba, BRS Potengi, BRS Cauamé, BRS Novaera and BRS Tumucumaque) and three sowing seasons, with four replicates. The evaluations held referred to the grain size and hydration, cooking time and crude protein content through sulfuric acid digestion. There was an interaction between cowpea cultivars and sowing dates for all analyzed variables. The sowing season alters the grain technological quality of cowpea when under the conditions of the Center-South region of Brazil, with the genotype-season effect dependent. Sowing dates in December and January generated lower technological quality of the cowpea beans. The BRS Tumucumaque cultivar possesses the best grain technological characteristics, having the largest grains with the highest crude protein content, as well as the shortest cooking time

Alteração da agregação de um latossolo vermelho-amarelo em função do preparo físico.

Os solos brasileiros sofrem grandes perturbações em função principalmente do uso constante e desordenado de maquinários agrícolas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o uso de diferentes implementos sobre o estado de agregação de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico sob cultivo de cenoura. O experimento foi conduzido sob área de pivô central na fazenda São João, Rio Paranaíba-MG. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos: T1 (grade aradora + arado 3 aivecas); T2 (grade aradora); T3 (grade aradora + subsolador); T4 (Grade aradora + 2 vezes de subsolador cruzado) e T5 (Grade aradora + subsolador + enxada rotativa + subsolador) em 6 repetições. Foram determinados os percentuais médios e acumulados de agregados, bem como a distribuição percentual de agregados, o diâmetro médio geométrico e o módulo de finura dos agregados em função dos equipamentos utilizados no preparo periódico do solo. Os resultados demonstraram que o tratamento T5 apresentou maior percentagem de agregados ideais para o desenvolvimento vegetal e maior valor para o módulo de finura, menos susceptíveis a erosão, pois permitem a penetração da água no solo

Desempenho agronômico da batata-doce em sucessão a milho e crotalaria inoculados com fungos micorrízicos.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos dos cultivos de milho (Zea mays) e Crotalaria juncea inoculados com Glomus clarum e o desempenho da batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas) em sucessão. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso dispostos em arranjo fatorial 2 x 4, sendo duas culturas antecessoras (crotalária e milho) e quatro níveis de inoculação com esporos de FMA (0, 300, 900 e 1800 esporos de FMA m-1) com quatro repetições. Ao longo do período experimental avaliou-se a biomassa da parte aérea de cada espécie e a produtividade da batata-doce cultivada em sucessão. Quando inoculado, a Crotalaria juncea apresentou maior produção de biomassa da parte aérea e a produtividade de raízes de batata doce quando comparado ao cultivo antecedido por milho. O pré-cultivo de Crotalaria juncea inoculada com o FMA Glomus clarum trouxe benefícios no desempenho agronômico de batata-doce em condições de campo

Produção de mudas de citros em viveiro protegido, utilizando diferentes combinações de copa e de porta-enxerto.

bitstream/item/165858/1/BoletimPesquisa84-Girardi-Ainfo-84.pd

Effectiveness of breeding selection for grain quality in common bean.

he aims of this study were to investigate the genetic variability and the genotype × environment interaction for quality and yield traits in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), to evaluate the degree of informativeness of the evaluations of grain quality in only one environment, to estimate genetic parameters for grain quality traits, and to select lines with superior grain quality. We evaluated 81 carioca common bean lines in preliminary line trials in several environments for nutritional, technological, and commercial quality and selected the 20 superior lines, which were evaluated in validation trials in nine environments. Individual and combined ANOVAs were performed for all the traits. Correlations were estimated between Fe and Zn concentrations and yield; adaptability and phenotypic stability were analyzed; and superior genotypes were selected based on the Mulamba & Mock index. It is possible to increase the Fe, Zn, and crude protein concentrations and reduce cooking time; however, increasing crude fiber is a challenge. Preliminary evaluation of the quality traits in only one environment was effective and sufficient for selection of genotypes superior in Fe concentration, crude fiber, crude protein, and cooking time; and genetic gains can be obtained from selection for these traits. Genetic and phenotypic correlations were observed between Fe and Zn concentrations. The lines CNFC 16627, CNFC 16518, CNFC 16602, CNFC 16615, and CNFC 16520 are superior based on the selection index and are recommended for breeding for grain quality in carioca common bean

Impact of crop management and no-tillage system on grain and straw yield of maize crop

The aim of this study was to evaluate straw production provided by maize and Urochloa ruziziensis grown solely and intercropped, as well as the accumulation of nitrogen and its residual efect when applied as a topdressing fertilizer to the previous crop (common bean) under no-tillage. Experiments were conducted for two crop seasons in a randomized block design, in a split-plot scheme, with four repetitions. We evaluated three cropping systems containing maize and U. ruziziensis solely and intercropped (summer crop) in succession with irrigated common beans (winter–spring crop), managed with nitrogen topdressing combinations with 90 kg N ha−1 by urea. Cropping systems with maize and U. ruziziensis solely or intercropped promoted sufcient straw production under the no-tillage system. Urochloa ruziziensis solely or intercropped with maize achieved full soil surface coverage and higher straw yield (8.3 to 9.5 t ha−1) compared to sole maize (7.1 to 7.8 t ha−1), thus favoring the implementation and maintenance of the no-tillage system. The quality of straw produced in crop succession systems was improved by nitrogen fertilizer applied to the previous common bean crop, which changed their nutrient content and nitrogen accumulation