The effects of a Jewish primary school education in England on the religious observance and practice of less or non-observant parents of the pupils

The main aim of this research is to determine whether or not there has been any noticeable change in the level of religious observance and practice of less or non-observant parents which directly or indirectly can be attributed to the influence of their children and the Jewish primary school they attend. There is a frequently voiced assumption amongst those involved in Jewish education that parents, whose children attend a Jewish primary school, have increased their level of observance due to the influence of their children and the school. However, no previous research has been carried out in the United Kingdom in order to examine the basis of this premise. The purpose ofmy own research is to test this assumption in a thorough and rigorous manner by means of both questionnaires and in-depth interviews with parents of pupils attending three Jewish primary schools in England. In addition, there are two further specific areas that will be investigated as supplementary parts ofthe main research: [i] To compare the extent of similarities and differences of any such changes in religious observance between those Jewish families in England who formed part ofmy study, and those in the USA whose children attend Jewish day schools, who have also been the subject of separate research in the USA. [ii] To determine whether within the data of this research study, there is any correlation with previous research in the field of social psychology regarding causes and effects of social conformity and deviation. The data from this specific area of research will be used to focus on the effects of a crucial inter-connection between parents, children and the school. The thesis includes an examination of previous allied research and its implications relating to the nature of religious identity and changes in parental behaviour attributed to the influence of their children's Jewish education. It also contains chapters outlining the historical and social background which led to a weakening ofJewish religious observance in the UK during the zo" century and a study of the changing role of the traditional Jewish family and its effect on the levels of religious observance in Anglo-Jewry. The data from questionnaires and interviews are analysed in a thorough manner. The results and conclusions of this thesis should be of benefit to those planning and administering Jewish primary schools in the UK

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of The intracellular domain of cell adhesion molecule 1 is present in emphysematous lungs and induces lung epithelial cell apoptosis

Synthesis of the cell adhesion molecule 1 intracellular domain (C-ICD) and the mutated cell adhesion molecule 1 intracellular domain (C-ICDmut) peptides. High-performance liquid chromatography data of the synthesized peptides. The C-ICD (upper) and C-ICDmut (lower) peptides were detected at 5657.09 (theoretical value 5657.78) and 5127.55 (theoretical value 5126.57) m/z, respectively. (TIFF 356 kb

Preoperative nivolumab to evaluate pathological response in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer: a study protocol of phase II trial (POTENTIAL)

Introduction Recently, inhibition of programmed cell death 1 or its ligand has shown therapeutic effects on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effectiveness of preoperative nivolumab monotherapy for stage I NSCLC remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the pathological response of preoperative treatment with nivolumab for clinically node negative but having a high risk of NSCLC recurrence.Methods and analysis The Preoperative Nivolumab (Opdivo) to evaluate pathologic response in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer: a phase 2 trial (POTENTIAL) study is a multicentre phase II trial investigating efficacy of preoperative nivolumab for clinical stage I patients at high risk of recurrence. This study includes histologically or cytologically confirmed NSCLC patients with clinical N0 who were found on preoperative high-resolution CT to have a pure solid tumour without a ground-glass opacity component (clinical T1b, T1c or T2a) or a solid component measuring 2–4 cm in size (clinical T1c or T2a). Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation (deletion of exon 19 or point mutation on exon21, L858R), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) translocation or c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS-1) translocation are excluded from this study. Nivolumab (240 mg/body) is administrated intravenously as preoperative therapy every 2 weeks for three cycles. Afterward, lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection (ND 2a-1 or ND 2a-2) are performed. The primary endpoint is a pathological complete response in the resected specimens. The secondary endpoints are safety, response rates and major pathological response. The planed sample size is 50 patients. Patients have been enrolled since April 2019.Ethics and dissemination This trial was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Hiroshima University Hospital and other participating institutions. This trial will help examine the efficacy of preoperative nivolumab therapy for clinical stage I NSCLC.Trial registration number jRCT2061180016