Reliability and validity of a sedentary behavior questionnaire for South American pediatric population: SAYCARE study

Background Multicenter studies from Europe and the United States have developed specifically standardized questionnaires for assessing and comparing sedentary behavior, but they cannot be directly applied for South American countries. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the South American Youth Cardiovascular and Environmental (SAYCARE) sedentary behavior questionnaire. Methods Children and adolescents from seven South American cities were involved in the test-retest reliability (children: n = 55; adolescents: n = 106) and concurrent validity (children: n = 93; adolescents: n = 94) studies. The SAYCARE sedentary behavior questionnaire was administered twice with two-week interval and the behaviors were parent-reported for children and self-reported for adolescents. Questions included time spent watching television, using a computer, playing console games, passive playing (only in children) and studying (only in adolescents) over the past week. Accelerometer was used for at least 3 days, including at least one weekend day. We compared values of sedentary time, using accelerometers, by quartiles of reported sedentary behavior time and their sum. Results The reliability of sedentary behavior time was moderate for children (rho ≥0.45 and k ≥ 0.40) and adolescents (rho ≥0.30). Comparisons between the questionnaire and accelerometer showed a low overall agreement, with the questionnaire systematically underreporting sedentary time in children (at least, − 332.6 ± 138.5 min/day) and adolescents (at least, − 399.7 ± 105.0 min/day). Conclusion The SAYCARE sedentary behavior questionnaire has acceptable reliability in children and adolescents. However, the findings of current study indicate that SAYCARE questionnaire is not surrogate of total sedentary time

AVALIAÇÃO DA TAXA DE PRENHEZ EM PROGRAMA DE IATF USANDO SÊMENS DE DIFERENTES TOUROS DA RAÇA NELORE.

Diversas tecnologias reprodutivas têm sido inseridas no sistema de produção, a fim de minimizar falhas na detecção de estro e também otimizar a taxa de prenhez. Entre elas, estão a inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF), que consiste no uso de protocolos hormonais voltados a simulação e regulação do ciclo estral das vacas, possibilitando a realização da inseminação artificial em um período pré-determinado. Além das vantagens reprodutivas, o uso de IATF permite maximizar a disseminação de reprodutores avaliados e com mérito genético superior, favorecendo o ganho genético do rebanho, desde que sejam realizados acasalamentos geneticamente dirigido, obtendo assim animais com maior potencial produtivo. Entretanto, além do touro, outros fatores podem interferir na taxa final de prenhez. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se com esse estudo, identificar as fontes de variação na taxa de prenhez em um programa de IATF utilizando sêmen de diferentes touros da raça Nelor

Eficiência de fungicidas para controle da ferrugem asiática da soja, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, na safra 2006/07. Resultados sumarizados dos ensaios em rede.

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L-NAME treatment enhances exercise-induced content of myocardial heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) in rats

Background/Aim: Nitric oxide (NO) modulates the expression of the chaperone Hsp72 in the heart, and exercise stimulates both NO production and myocardial Hsp72 expression. The main purpose of the study was to investigate whether NO interferes with an exercise-induced myocardial Hsp72 expression. Methods: Male Wistar rats (70-100 days) were divided into control (C, n= 12), L-NAME-treated (L, n= 12), exercise (E, n= 13) and exercise plus L-NAME-treated (EL, n= 20) groups. L-NAME was given in drinking water (700 mg. L-1) and the exercise was performed on a treadmill (15-25 m.min(-1), 40-60 min. day(-1)) for seven days. Left ventricle (LV) protein Hsp content, NOS and phosphorylated-NOS (p-NOS) isoforms were measured using Western blotting. The activity of NOS was assayed in LV homogenates by the conversion of [H-3] L-arginine to [H-3] L-citrulline. Results: Hsp72 content was increased significantly (223%; p < 0.05) in the E group compared to the C group, but exercise alone did not alter the NOS content, p-NOS isoforms or NOS activity. Contrary to our expectation, L-NAME enhanced (p < 0.05) the exercise-induced Hsp72 content (EL vs. C, L and E groups = 1019%, 548% and 457%, respectively). Although the EL group had increased stimulatory p-eNOS(Ser1177) (over 200%) and decreased inhibitory p-nNOS(Ser852) (similar to 50%) compared to both the E and L groups (p < 0.05), NOS activity was similar in all groups. Conclusions: Our results suggest that exercise-induced cardiac Hsp72 expression does not depend on NO. Conversely, the in vivo L-NAME treatment enhances exercise-induced Hsp72 production. This effect may be due to an increase in cardiac stress. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel275479486CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E INOVAÇÃO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO - FAPESsem informaçã

Eficiência de fungicidas para o controle da mancha-alvo, Corynespora cassiicola, na safra 2015/16: resultados sumarizados dos ensaios cooperativos.

Instituições, locais, cultivares e datas da semeadura da soja. Ingrediente ativo (i.a.), produto comercial (p.c.) e dose dos fungicidas nos tratamentos para controle da mancha-alvo da soja, safra 2015/16. Severidade da mancha-alvo (Sev.), porcentagem de controle em relação à testemunha sem fungicida (C), produtividade (Prod.) e porcentagem de redução de produtividade (RP) em relação ao tratamento com a maior produtividade, para os diferentes tratamentos. Média de oito ensaios para severidade e de cinco ensaios para produtividade. Rede de ensaios cooperativos, safra 2015/16.bitstream/item/146623/1/CT120-ManchaAlvo-OL.pdfAutoria: A. [i. e. ARAUJO] JUNIOR, I. P

Reversal of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2 enables anaplerosis via redox rescue in respiration-deficient cells

Inhibition of the electron transport chain (ETC) prevents the regeneration of mitochondrial NAD+, resulting in cessation of the oxidative tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and a consequent dependence upon reductive carboxylation for aspartate synthesis. NAD+ regeneration alone in the cytosol can rescue the viability of ETC-deficient cells. Yet, how this occurs and whether transfer of oxidative equivalents to the mitochondrion is required remain unknown. Here, we show that inhibition of the ETC drives reversal of the mitochondrial aspartate transaminase (GOT2) as well as malate and succinate dehydrogenases (MDH2 and SDH) to transfer oxidative NAD+ equivalents into the mitochondrion. This supports the NAD+-dependent activity of the mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and thereby enables anaplerosis—the entry of glutamine-derived carbon into the TCA cycle and connected biosynthetic pathways. Thus, under impaired ETC function, the cytosolic redox state is communicated into the mitochondrion and acts as a rheostat to support GDH activity and cell viability.P.A.-M was supported by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions individual fellowship and the Beug Foundation. A.V. was supported by Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO Vlaanderen). J.E.-H. was supported by an MRC studentship. J.C.A was supported by a Cancer Research UK Career Development Fellowship (C47559/A16243). S.-M.F. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the ERC Consolidator grant agreement no. 771486–MetaRegulation, FWO Projects, Fonds Baillet Latour, KU Leuven-FTBO/Internal Funding, Stichting Tegen Kanker and the King Baudouin Foundation. Work in the A.J.F. group was supported by a Wellcome Trust-ISSF grant, funding from Barts Charity (MGU0404), and by a Cancer Research UK Centre Grant to Barts Cancer Institute (C355/A25137). The illustrations in the graphical abstract and Figure 5F were created using BioRender.com

Eficiência de fungicidas para o controle da ferrugem asiática da soja, phakopsora pachyrhizi, na safra 2009/10: resultados sumarizados dos ensaios cooperativos.

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Associação entre as condições higiênico-sanitárias de indústrias de laticínios e o nível de adequação na implementação de programas de autocontrole.

O monitoramento e a verificação dos programas de qualidade são fundamentais para a avaliação do cumprimento dos padrões legais e para garantir a qualidade e a segurança dos produtos lácteos. Foram avaliadas 15 indústrias de laticínios registradas no Serviço de Inspeção Federal (SIF), quanto à associação entre o nível de implementação dos programas de autocontrole (PAC) e as condições higiênico-sanitárias. Foi elaborada e aplicada uma lista de verificação (LV), concomitantemente à realização de análises microbiológicas de contagem de Staphylococcus aureus e aeróbios mesófilos das mãos dos manipuladores e mesas de processo, além da análise de fungos filamentosos e leveduras nos ambientes industriais. Todos os estabelecimentos foram classificados por meio da aplicação da LV, como ruins ou péssimos. Por meio da comparação de médias e da análise de regressão, foi possível concluir que quanto maior as adequações com relação à implementação dos PAC, menores as contagens microbiológicas de mãos, mesas e ambientes. Salvo algumas exceções, empresas com maiores percentuais de implantação dos PAC, tendem a obter resultados mais satisfatórios ao se avaliar contagens de mãos e mesas. As indústrias avaliadas possuem deficiências em seus PAC que podem comprometer a inocuidade dos produtos lácteos