As modificações tecnológicas e o devido processo constitucional

RESUMO A Lei 11419/2006 – Lei do Processo Eletrônico - acarretou diversas transformações no direito processual brasileiro, sendo admitida a formação de processo judicial totalmente na forma eletrônica. O presente trabalho busca realizar uma análise aprofundada dos dispositivos da citada lei, verificando a sua real adaptação à teoria do devido processo constitucional, de Rosemiro Pereira Leal, além de realizar o confronto de dispositivos com os princípios constitucionais do devido processo legal: contraditório, ampla defesa, economicidade, dentre outros. Por fim, o trabalho verifica as modificações trazidas pela Lei 11419/2006 no Código de Processo Civil, analisando os principais dispositivos alterados pela norma regulamentadora do processo eletrônico. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Processo eletrônico. Lei 11.419/2006. Transformações processuais. Princípios constitucionais. ABSTRACT The law 11419/2006 – Law of Electronic Process brought several changes in the Brazilian procedural law, being admitted to the formation of law suit entirely in electronic form. This study aims toconduct a thoroughanalysisof the provisions of such law, checking their actual adaptation in the theory of constitutional due process, developed by Rosemiro Pereira Leal, and perform the confrontation ofdevices withthe constitutional principlesof due process, contradiction, fulldefense, economy, among others. Finally, the studyverifiesthe changesintroduced by Law11419/2006in the Code ofCivil Procedure, analyzing the mainprovisions amendedby theregulatory normof theelectronic process. KEYWORDS: Electronic Process. Law 11419/2006. Procedural changes. Constitutional principles. Data da Submissão: 12/11/2014 Data da Aceitação: 29/11/201

O Estado Democrático Brasileiro e a Busca pela Manutenção da Laicização do Direito

THE DEMOCRATIC BRAZILIAN STATE AND THE SEARCH FOR MAINTAINING THE LAICIZATION OF THE RIGHT O presente trabalho pretendeu abordar a influência exercida por segmentos religiosos da sociedade brasileira e por políticos ligados àqueles na formação das leis e do ordenamento jurídico nacional, a despeito do fato de o Estado brasileiro ser uma república laica, ou seja, pretensiosamente neutra no que tange à religião e que por isso tem como um de seus princípios a liberdade religiosa, e se essa influência, dentro de um Estado democrático com uma sociedade pluralista, macula o princípio da laicidade. Em seguida, pesquisou-se o crescimento e desenvolvimento dos segmentos pentecostal e neopentecostal, em especial, por estarem atualmente em maior evidência e por sua militância política mais incisiva. Durante o trabalho, foram abordadas as liberdades democráticas protegidas pela própria Constituição e que conferem a qualquer cidadão o direito de participar da política e contribuir com seu ponto de vista acerca do bem em prol da sociedade da qual faz parte. De igual maneira investigou-se os argumentos teóricos que pudessem fornecer fundamentos a uma influência religiosa no âmbito jurídico-político. Ainda neste sentido, analisou-se a PEC 99/2011, de autoria do deputado evangélico João Campos (PSDB-GO), e que atualmente foi aprovada pela Comissão de Constituição e Justiça e Cidadania (CCJC) da Câmara dos Deputados, cujo caput trata da “capacidade postulatória das Associações Religiosas para propor ação de inconstitucionalidade e ação declaratória de constitucionalidade de leis ou atos normativos, perante a Constituição Federal”. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Laicidade. Estado. Religião. Pluralismo. Tolerância. Democracia. Positivismo jurídico. Direito natural. Pós-positivismo. Liberdade religiosa. ABSTRACT This study aimed at evaluating the influence exerted by religious segments of Brazilian society and politicians linked to these segments in the formation of national law, despite the fact that the Brazilian State is a irreligious republic, meaning, pretentiously neutral concerning religion and, therefore, has religious freedom as one of its principles, and if this influence, within a democratic state with a pluralistic society, taints the principle of secularism. Secondly, a research was conducted on the growth and development of the Pentecostal and neo-Pentecostal segments, in particular, due to its current growing evidence and also to its most incisive political activism. The study addressed the subject of democratic freedoms protected by the Constitution itself, and which give every citizen the right to participate in politics and contribute with their point of view about what is good for the society they’re part of. Likewise, the project investigated the theoretical arguments that could provide grounds for a religious influence in legal and political framework. On this line, PEC 99/2011 authored by the Christian Rep. João Campos (PSDB -GO), which was recently approved by the Committee of Constitution, Justice and Citizenship (CCJC) in the House of Representatives and which main section focuses on "proposal capacity of Religious Associations to present unconstitutionality suits and declaratory suits of constitutionality of laws or normative acts towards the Federal Constitution” was analyzed. KEYWORDS: Secularism. State. Religion. Pluralism. Tolerance. Democracy. Legal positivism. Natural law. Post- positivism. Religious freedom. Data da Submissão: 22/04/2014 Data da Aceitação: 09/05/201

Respiratory allergy to Blomia tropicalis: Immune response in four syngeneic mouse strains and assessment of a low allergen-dose, short-term experimental model

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The dust mite <it>Blomia tropicalis </it>is an important source of aeroallergens in tropical areas. Although a mouse model for <it>B. tropicalis </it>extract (<it>Bt</it>E)-induced asthma has been described, no study comparing different mouse strains in this asthma model has been reported. The relevance and reproducibility of experimental animal models of allergy depends on the genetic background of the animal, the molecular composition of the allergen and the experimental protocol.</p> <p>Objectives</p> <p>This work had two objectives. The first was to study the anti-<it>B. tropicalis </it>allergic responses in different mouse strains using a short-term model of respiratory allergy to <it>Bt</it>E. This study included the comparison of the allergic responses elicited by <it>Bt</it>E with those elicited by ovalbumin in mice of the strain that responded better to <it>Bt</it>E sensitization. The second objective was to investigate whether the best responder mouse strain could be used in an experimental model of allergy employing relatively low <it>Bt</it>E doses.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Groups of mice of four different syngeneic strains were sensitized subcutaneously with 100 μg of <it>Bt</it>E on days 0 and 7 and challenged four times intranasally, at days 8, 10, 12, and 14, with 10 μg of <it>Bt</it>E. A/J mice, that were the best responders to <it>Bt</it>E sensitization, were used to compare the <it>B. tropicalis</it>-specific asthma experimental model with the conventional experimental model of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific asthma. A/J mice were also sensitized with a lower dose of <it>Bt</it>E.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Mice of all strains had lung inflammatory-cell infiltration and increased levels of anti-<it>Bt</it>E IgE antibodies, but these responses were significantly more intense in A/J mice than in CBA/J, BALB/c or C57BL/6J mice. Immunization of A/J mice with <it>Bt</it>E induced a more intense airway eosinophil influx, higher levels of total IgE, similar airway hyperreactivity to methacholine but less intense mucous production, and lower levels of specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies than sensitization with OVA. Finally, immunization with a relatively low <it>Bt</it>E dose (10 μg per subcutaneous injection per mouse) was able to sensitize A/J mice, which were the best responders to high-dose <it>Bt</it>E immunization, for the development of allergy-associated immune and lung inflammatory responses.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The described short-term model of <it>Bt</it>E-induced allergic lung disease is reproducible in different syngeneic mouse strains, and mice of the A/J strain was the most responsive to it. In addition, it was shown that OVA and <it>Bt</it>E induce quantitatively different immune responses in A/J mice and that the experimental model can be set up with low amounts of <it>Bt</it>E.</p

Spatial point analysis based on dengue surveys at household level in central Brazil

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dengue virus (DENV) affects nonimunne human populations in tropical and subtropical regions. In the Americas, dengue has drastically increased in the last two decades and Brazil is considered one of the most affected countries. The high frequency of asymptomatic infection makes difficult to estimate prevalence of infection using registered cases and to locate high risk intra-urban area at population level. The goal of this spatial point analysis was to identify potential high-risk intra-urban areas of dengue, using data collected at household level from surveys.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Two household surveys took place in the city of Goiania (~1.1 million population), Central Brazil in the year 2001 and 2002. First survey screened 1,586 asymptomatic individuals older than 5 years of age. Second survey 2,906 asymptomatic volunteers, same age-groups, were selected by multistage sampling (census tracts; blocks; households) using available digital maps. Sera from participants were tested by dengue virus-specific IgM/IgG by EIA. A Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was used to detect the spatial varying risk over the region. Initially without any fixed covariates, to depict the overall risk map, followed by a model including the main covariates and the year, where the resulting maps show the risk associated with living place, controlled for the individual risk factors. This method has the advantage to generate smoothed risk factors maps, adjusted by socio-demographic covariates.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The prevalence of antibody against dengue infection was 37.3% (95%CI [35.5–39.1]) in the year 2002; 7.8% increase in one-year interval. The spatial variation in risk of dengue infection significantly changed when comparing 2001 with 2002, (ORadjusted = 1.35; p < 0.001), while controlling for potential confounders using GAM model. Also increasing age and low education levels were associated with dengue infection.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study showed spatial heterogeneity in the risk areas of dengue when using a spatial multivariate approach in a short time interval. Data from household surveys pointed out that low prevalence areas in 2001 surveys shifted to high-risk area in consecutive year. This mapping of dengue risks should give insights for control interventions in urban areas.</p