Maternal Undernutrition And The Offspring Kidney: From Fetal To Adult Life.

Maternal dietary protein restriction during pregnancy is associated with low fetal birth weight and leads to renal morphological and physiological changes. Different mechanisms can contribute to this phenotype: exposure to fetal glucocorticoid, alterations in the components of the renin-angiotensin system, apoptosis, and DNA methylation. A low-protein diet during gestation decreases the activity of placental 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, exposing the fetus to glucocorticoids and resetting the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the offspring. The abnormal function/expression of type 1 (AT1(R)) or type 2 (AT2(R)) AngII receptors during any period of life may be the consequence or cause of renal adaptation. AT1(R) is up-regulated, compared with control, on the first day after birth of offspring born to low-protein diet mothers, but this protein appears to be down-regulated by 12 days of age and thereafter. In these offspring, AT2(R) expression differs from control at 1 day of age, but is also down-regulated thereafter, with low nephron numbers at all ages: from the fetal period, at the end of nephron formation, and during adulthood. However, during adulthood, the glomerular filtration rate is not altered, due to glomerulus and podocyte hypertrophy. Kidney tubule transporters are regulated by physiological mechanisms; Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is inhibited by AngII and, in this model, the down-regulated AngII receptors fail to inhibit Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, leading to increased Na(+) reabsorption, contributing to the hypertensive status. We also considered the modulation of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors during nephrogenesis, since organogenesis depends upon a tight balance between proliferation, differentiation and cell death.431010-

Abernethy malformation: beware in cases of unexplained hepatic encephalopathy in adults-case report and review of the relevant literature

The Abernethy malformation consists of a congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt and is believed to be extremely rare in humans. The potential implications of abnormal portovenous shunting and decreased hepatic portal flow are numerous and potentially serious. Although congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts are increasingly suspected and diagnosed in specialized centres, much of their clinical presentation and natural history is not fully understood. Symptoms of portosystemic shunt are mainly caused by increased levels of ammonia, which lead to signs of encephalopathy. Therapeutic options depend on the type of shunt and its clinical course, so the classification of the congenital portosystemic shunt is a key finding in these patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Manejo integrado de pragas na cultura da ata.

bitstream/item/80205/1/CulturadaAta153.pd

Levantamento e importância de inimigos naturais da broca-das-pontas e da traça-da-castanha do cajueiro.

bitstream/CNPAT-2010/5603/1/Pa-032.pd

Monitoring the impact of fertilizers on soil leachates using sequential injection analysis for multiparametric determination

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Recomendações técnicas para o manejo da mosca-minadora no meloeiro.

Descrição e ciclo biológico; Danos econòmicos a cultura; Medidas de controle; Controle preventivo; Controle cultural; Controle com barreiras físicas; Uso de armadilhas adesivas de cor amarela; Controle biológico natural; Controle quimico; Controle alternativo; Considerações finais.bitstream/CNPAT-2010/9612/1/Ct-107.pd

Levantamento e identificação de espécies de moscas-das-frutas no Estado do Ceará.

As mosacas brancas das frutas pertencentes a especie Ceratitis capitata e ao genero Anastrepha sao reconhecidas como as pragas mais devastadoras da fruticultura em todo o mundo ...bitstream/CNPAT-2010/5391/1/Pa-062.pd

Recomendações para o manejo das principais pragas do meloeiro na Região do Semi-Árido nordestino.

Auxiliar os produtores da Região Nordeste no manejo adequado das principais pragas que atacam o meloeiro, por meio da disponibilização de informações a respeito da correta identificação das pragas, sintomas de danos, táticas de controle e inimigos naturais associadosbitstream/CNPAT-2010/9620/1/Ci-024.pd