Geocheinical studies of sediments from the gulf of paria, venezuela; and the Atlantic ocean north of the Faeroe islands

Section 1 is concerned with the geochemistry of sub-samples taken from a suite of 5 piston cores collected over the southern part of the Iceland-Faeroes Rise in the North Atlantic Ocean. The samples were taken in 1968 during Cruise No. 14 of the R.V. Meteor of the Deutsches Hydrographisches Institut. The Iceland-Faeroes Rise appears to have acted as a barrier, resulting in a high proportion of terrigenous material in the sediment accumulating on the eastern side. The sediment east of the Rise contains a relatively high proportion of material derived from a source area which includes metamorphic rocks. True marine sedimentation, i.e., precipitation of CaC0(_3), becomes important in the stations west of the Rise. Iceland appears to have overprinted the sediments by the introduction of volcanic glass, the greater proportion of which occurs in the cores east of the Rise. The distribution of volcanic debris may have resulted in part from the prevailing westerly winds. Bottom currents flowing westwards over the Rise appear to have carried either the fine fraction of the volcanic glass or its alteration products into the Atlantic Basin. Section 2 deals with the geochemistry and mineralogy of a suite of sediment samples collected from the Boca Vagre estuary on the southern margin of the Gulf of Paria. These sediments were collected in 1963 during Cruise 55 of the R.V. Chain, of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Variation in the major element geochemistry and mineralogy are studied in the light of earlier works on the geochemistry and sedimentation rates in the area. The results indicate a distinct change in sedimentation over the pro-delta region, which is reflected in the amount of resistant material in the sediment, and also in the amount, and possibly the composition of the hydrolysate fraction. Variations in pH, and sedimentation rate noted by earlier workers, are reflected in the carbonate content, which shoves an increase out into the Gulf. Changes observed in the minor element population are consistent with an increase in the content of the hydrolysate fraction. The proportion of illite and montmorillonite in the hydrolysate fraction would appear to be constant, from evidence provided by the results of Factor Analysis

UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS OF PROTOCOL IMPLEMENTATION FOR THE EARLY RECOGNITION AND TREATMENT OF PROBABLE SEPSIS

The purpose of this research was to construct a program theory that identifies and describes the salient contexts and mechanisms that can lead to successful implementation of a sepsis screening intervention. Successful implementation of evidence-based clinical practice is governed by human and environmental factors that can differ between local settings (Sales, Smith, Curran, & Kochevar, 2006). Failed or partial implementation of clinical practices is common (Davies, Walker, & Grimshaw, 2010) impacting negatively on patient safety, patient outcomes, and systemic inefficiencies. A theory-based approach to implementation provides a structure that can allow local teams the ability to move away from ad hoc or intuitive planning (Eccles, Grimshaw, Walker, Johnston, & Pitts, 2002). A customized Rapid Realist Review was used to identify the hypothetical implementation resources, context, and mechanisms that are salient in causing successful implementation of sepsis screening interventions. This process included a rapid review of the literature using a realist analytical lens and multi-phase refinement of the theoretical propositions with 15 physicians and nurses. The final program theory included multiple outcomes that must be reached in order to achieve successful implementation. Successful implementation was defined as achieving fidelity and sustainability of the intervention. Salient implementation resources and context were identified that trigger three middle-range promoting mechanisms and two inhibiting mechanisms. Within each of these mechanisms there are multiple lower level mechanisms operating that are salient for all clinicians and professional sub-groups. The final program theory hypothesized the salient features of a complex reality that can be applied or adapted for the implementation of a sepsis screening intervention in other local contexts or for the implementation of other similar small-scale interventions

Reflections, Resilience, and Recovery: A qualitative study of the COVID-19 impact on an international general population’s mental health and priorities for support

The impact of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on different countries and populations is well documented in quantitative studies, with some studies showing stable mental health symptoms and others showing fluctuating symptoms. However, the reasons behind why some symptoms are stable and others change are under-explored, which in turn makes identifying the types of support needed by participants themselves challenging. To address these gaps, this study thematically analysed 925 qualitative responses from five open-ended responses collected in the UCL-Penn Global COVID Study between 17 April to 31 July 2021 (wave 3). Three key themes comprised of 13 codes were reported by participants across countries and ages regarding the impact of COVID-19 on their health, both mental and physical, and livelihoods. These include: 1) Outlook on self/life, 2) Self-improvement, and 3) Loved ones (friends and family). In terms of support, while 2.91% did not require additional support, 91% wanted support beyond financial. Other unexpected new themes were also discussed regarding vulnerable populations suffering disproportionately. The pandemic has brought into sharp focus various changes in people’s mental health, physical health, and relationships. Greater policy considerations should be given to supporting citizens’ continued access to mental health when considering pandemic recovery

Reflections, resilience and recovery: a qualitative study of Covid-19's impact on an international adult population's mental health and priorities for support

The impact of the coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic on different countries and populations is well documented in quantitative studies, with some studies showing stable mental health symptoms and others showing fluctuating symptoms. However, the reasons behind why some symptoms are stable and others change are under-explored, which in turn makes identifying the types of support needed by participants themselves challenging. To address these gaps, this study thematically analysed 925 qualitative responses from five open-ended responses collected in the UCL-Penn Global COVID Study between 17 April and 31 July 2021 (Wave 3). Three key themes that comprised 13 codes were reported by participants across countries and ages regarding the impact of Covid-19 on their health, both mental and physical, and livelihoods. These include: (1) Outlook on self/life, (2) Self-improvement, and (3) Loved ones (friends and family). In terms of support, while 2.91% did not require additional support, 91% wanted support beyond financial support. Other unexpected new themes were also discussed regarding vulnerable populations suffering disproportionately. The pandemic has brought into sharp focus various changes in people's mental health, physical health and relationships. Greater policy considerations should be given to supporting citizens' continued access to mental health when considering pandemic recovery

Positivity and the electroweak hierarchy

We point out that an unnatural hierarchy between certain higher-dimensional operator coefficients in a low-energy effective field theory (EFT) would automatically imply that the Higgs' vacuum expectation value is hierarchically smaller than the EFT cutoff, assuming the EFT emerged from a unitary, causal and local UV completion. Future colliders may have the sensitivity to infer such a pattern of coefficients for a little hierarchy with an EFT cutoff up to O(10) TeV

Mitigating the Tragedy Of the Digital Commons: The Problem of Unsolicited Commercial E-Mail

The growth of unsolicited commercial e-mail (UCE) imposes increasing costs on organizations and causes considerable aggravation on the part of e-mail recipients. A thriving anti-spam industry addresses some of the frustration. Regulation and various economic and technical means are in the works. All anti-spam measures aim at bringing down the flood of unwanted commercial e-mail. This paper draws on scholarly work in marketing, resource ownership, and use. Adapting the tragedy of the commons concept to e-mail, we identify a causal structure that drives the direct e-marketing industry. Computer simulations indicate that although filtering may be an effective method to curb UCE arriving at individual inboxes, it is likely to increase the aggregate volume, thereby boosting overall costs. We also examine other response mechanisms, including self-regulation, government regulation, and market mechanisms. We find that, of the various countermeasures, filtering appears to be the best currently available but that none are a satisfactory solution. The analysis advances understanding of the digital commons, the economics of UCE, and provides practical implications for the direct e-marketing industry

Principal manifolds and graphs in practice: from molecular biology to dynamical systems

We present several applications of non-linear data modeling, using principal manifolds and principal graphs constructed using the metaphor of elasticity (elastic principal graph approach). These approaches are generalizations of the Kohonen's self-organizing maps, a class of artificial neural networks. On several examples we show advantages of using non-linear objects for data approximation in comparison to the linear ones. We propose four numerical criteria for comparing linear and non-linear mappings of datasets into the spaces of lower dimension. The examples are taken from comparative political science, from analysis of high-throughput data in molecular biology, from analysis of dynamical systems.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figure

Ask the GRU: Multi-Task Learning for Deep Text Recommendations

In a variety of application domains the content to be recommended to users is associated with text. This includes research papers, movies with associated plot summaries, news articles, blog posts, etc. Recommendation approaches based on latent factor models can be extended naturally to leverage text by employing an explicit mapping from text to factors. This enables recommendations for new, unseen content, and may generalize better, since the factors for all items are produced by a compactly-parametrized model. Previous work has used topic models or averages of word embeddings for this mapping. In this paper we present a method leveraging deep recurrent neural networks to encode the text sequence into a latent vector, specifically gated recurrent units (GRUs) trained end-to-end on the collaborative filtering task. For the task of scientific paper recommendation, this yields models with significantly higher accuracy. In cold-start scenarios, we beat the previous state-of-the-art, all of which ignore word order. Performance is further improved by multi-task learning, where the text encoder network is trained for a combination of content recommendation and item metadata prediction. This regularizes the collaborative filtering model, ameliorating the problem of sparsity of the observed rating matrix.Comment: 8 page