How to Identify Low Value and Ineffective Medical Care

Objective: List several methods to identify low-value and ineffective medical care

Research Notes: Soybean breeding research in India

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is the miracle crop of the twentieth century. It is a new introduction to Indian agriculture. In view of chronic shortage of protein and oil in this country, soybean should be welcome introduction to provide the much needed stability and boost to the production of these two essential items of food (Saxena, 1975)

Assessing the leanness in product design: a model for planned design reuse

Shrinking product lifecycles, tough international competition, swiftly changing technologies, ever increasing customer quality expectation and demanding high variety options are some of the forces that drive next generation of development processes. To overcome these challenges, design cost and development time of product has to be reduced as well as quality to be improved. Design reuse is considered one of the lean strategies to win the race in this competitive environment. design reuse can reduce the product development time, product development cost as well as number of defects which will ultimately influence the product performance in cost, time and quality. However, it has been found that no or little work has been carried out for quantifying the effectiveness of design reuse in product development performance such as design cost, development time and quality. Therefore, in this study we propose a systematic design reuse based product design framework and developed a design leanness index (DLI) as a measure of effectiveness of design reuse. The DLI is a representative measure of reuse effectiveness in cost, development time and quality. Through this index, a clear relationship between reuse measure and product development performance metrics has been established. Finally, a cost based model has been developed to maximise the design leanness index for a product within the given set of constraints achieving leanness in design process

Etiology and Surgical Management of Cervical Spinal Epidural Abscess (SEA):: A Systematic Review.

Study Design: Systematic analysis and review. Objective: Evaluation of the presentation, etiology, management strategies (including both surgical and nonsurgical options), and neurological functional outcomes in patients with cervical spinal epidural abscess (SEA). Methods: The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria were used to create a framework based on which articles pertaining to cervical SEA were chosen for review following a search of the Ovid and PubMed databases using the search terms epidural abscess and cervical. Included studies needed to have at least 4 patients aged 18 years or older, and to have been published within the past 20 years. Results: Database searches yielded 521 potential articles in PubMed and 974 potential articles in Ovid. After review, 11 studies were ultimately identified for inclusion in this systematic review. Surgery appears to be a well-tolerated management strategy with limited complications for patients with cervical SEA. However, the quantity of data comparing medical and surgical treatment of cervical SEA is limited and the bulk of the data is derived from low quality studies. Conclusion: Data reporting was heterogeneous among studies making it difficult to draw discrete conclusions. Early surgical intervention may be appropriate in selected patients with cervical epidural abscess, but it is not clear what distinguishes these patients from those who are successfully managed nonoperatively

Thermochemical Studies of Diaquodiacetatodioxouranium(VI)

821-82

Influence of Shape, Pre-treatment and Drying Air Temperatureon Quality of Dried Aonla

Experiments were conducted to assess the effect of aonla shape, pre-treatment and drying air temperature on quality attributes of dried product. The aonla fruit was subjected to mechanical treatment to form three shapes i.e. spherical (whole pricked), cylindrical (15x35mm) and sheet (2 mm thickness) and were exposed to different pre-treatments i.e. untreated (UT), water blanching (WB), steam blanching (SB), blanching and sulphiting (B+S), sugar osmosis and salt osmosis prior to convective drying at temperature of 50, 60 and 70°C. The dried aonla (nearly 10% w.b) were analyzed for different quality attributes such as re-constitutional properties, vitamin C, colour and overall acceptability. The data indicated that re-constitutional properties, colour (L, a and b values), vitamin C and overall acceptability of dried aonla samples were significantly affected by the sample shape, pre-treatments and drying air temperature. The L, a and b values of sheet shaped aonla were close to the fresh sample resulting in minimum (6.43) colour change. The blanching + sulphiting pre-treatment samples witnessed minimum colour change and were at par to the salt osmosed samples. In comparison to untreated samples all the treated samples witnessed higher retention of vitamin C and overall acceptability. The maximum (74.49%) vitamin C was retained by the blanching + sulphiting pretreated cylindrical shaped sample dried at 50°C temperature whereas, the maximum consumer acceptance (98.15%) was recorded for sugar osmossed sheet shaped sample dried at 50°C

Current mode fractional order band pass and band reject filter using VDTAs

In this proposed work, current mode fractional order band pass and band reject filters using voltage differencing trans-conductance amplifier (VDTAs) as an active building block have been proposed. The approximated transfer function of the band stop and band pass filters on the basis of the integer order transfer function has been shown and the similar form of the approximate transfer function has been implemented for the band stop and band pass filters by using VDTAs as an active building block. In this work, fractional order band stop and band pass filters of the different orders have been realized. The operation of the design has been tested using simulation results on PSPICE with TSMC CMOS 180 nm technology parameters