Transformation digitale et transformation structurelle dans les économies d’Afrique Sub-Saharienne (ASS) : les effets variés des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC)

This article examines the various effects of ICTs on the structural transformation of African economies. It uses a dynamic panel model based on the method of generalized moments in a system applied to a sample of 30 Sub-Saharan African countries covering the period 1995 - 2018. While the results show that, overall, ICTs promote the development of manufacturing industries and offer opportunities to diversify exports, they also show that their expansion is weak due to infrastructural and institutional constraints. It therefore appears that fixed telephone subscriptions and Internet users are positively correlated with industrialization, while mobile telephone subscriptions are positively correlated with export diversification. Promoting the establishment of an integrated digital ecosystem therefore seems necessary to accelerate the structural transformation of all African economies south of the Sahara

Effect of the Socioeconomic Characteristics of Borrowers on Microcredit Repayment Behaviour: An Application to a Category II Microfinance Institution in Cameroon

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of socioeconomic characteristics of borrowers on microcredit repayment behaviour. The results of Probit regression statistical analysis using a database of 1805 individual loan contracts, credit records and follow-up files from 2007 to 2014 period by Community Credit of Africa (CCA) in Cameroon, reveal that educational level, awareness about the location of business and/or home of borrowers by the lender, sector of activities, availability of collateral, income stability, and personal wealth of borrowers have a statistically significant influence on microcredit repayment behaviour of borrowers. The outcome of the results shows that microfinance institutions should not only rely on financial indicators to assess the creditworthiness of borrowers. Other factors belonging to the social and economic characteristics of the borrowers are supposed to be integrated in credit risk models. These factors are sought to influence significantly microcredit repayment behaviour of borrowers

Le capital humain est-il important pour la diversification des exportations ? : L’expérience des économies d’Afrique Sub-Saharienne(ASS)

This paper examines the varied effects of human capital on export upgrading in Sub-Saharan African economies. It uses a dynamic panel model by the method of generalized moments in system applied over the period 1995 2018 to a sample of 30 SubSaharan African countries. While the results reveal that human capital has a positive effect on diversification, they also show that the estimated effects are varied: the accumulation of human capital serves as a capacity for absorbing knowledge from abroad, which improves export diversification. However, although the results reveal the negative effect of the human capital-IDE interaction on diversification, the interconnection between human capital and the foreign trade of states shows a positive effect and therefore constitutes a key vector in export diversification strategies

Convergence of the Economies of Nigeria and Cameroon: An Empirical Verification with the Ben-David Model

The purpose of this paper is the study of the convergence of the economies of Nigeria and Cameroon. Are these neighboring countries with an increasingly high level of trade converging? It thus seeks, on the one hand, to verify whether the standards of living (income per capita) of the two economies tend to approach each other over time and, on the other hand, to determine the time necessary for the two countries to fill by half the gap that separates them. Ben David's (1996) empirical model is estimated using WDI time series. The results show that Cameroon reduces the per capita income gap that separates it from Nigeria. The half-life of the convergence process indicates that Cameroon will manage to close half of the gap that separates it from Nigeria in 37 years, all things remaining equal. Thus, if Cameroon wants to accelerate its catch-up, the improvement of its savings rate, its labor productivity and its economic growth rate must be at the heart of economic policies

Investments and growth: an analysis of the effects of public and private investment in the economies of Cameroon and Ivory Coast

The objective of this article is to highlight the extent of the crowding out and spillover effects of public investments in Ivory coast and Cameroon on the one hand, then the contributions of the latter and of private investments to the growth of these two economies on the other hand. To do that the decomposition of Hodrick-Prescott by WDI (2019) data, to show the presence of crowding in the short term, in both savings through the cyclic component, with higher amplitude at Cameroon. The trend component makes it possible to identify the spillover effects of public investment on private investment. Moreover, to take account of  these com behaviors different investments dynamics short and long terms, the error correction model was mobilized to show that are impacts directs individuals public investment and of private investment on economic growth are positive, with greater awareness in Cameroon than in Ivory coast. This is probably due to the consequences of the effect of crowding out public investment on private investment, stronger in Cameroon that e n Ivory Coast

Transformation structurelle des pays à revenu faible et intermédiaire en Afrique Sub-saharienne : quels rôles des flux des capitaux internationaux ?

The industrial emergence of African countries has been a central concern for many decades. Knowing that the volume of international capital flows to Sub-Saharan African countries has been steadily increasing, this study has analysed the effect of this international capital on structural transformation. We consider a sample of 30 African countries between 1995 and 2018, focusing on industrialization as a driver of structural transformation in the context of economic development. Using a dynamic panel model by the method of generalized moments in system, the results show that the effect of international capital on structural transformation depends on the type of external financial flows. The results show that official development assistance is positively correlated with the dynamics of industrialisation, whereas the stock of FDI and the volume of remittances from international migrants are negatively correlated. However, the interaction between FDI and human capital is positively and significantly correlated with growth in the manufacturing sector. FDI is therefore a channel for the dissemination of international knowledge, and human capital in all its dimensions serves as an absorptive capacity for transforming this knowledge from abroad into competitive use - the basis for successful structural transformation

Postponement and international transfer in global supply chains

In this paper, we develop an analytical model for form postponement in global supply chain subject to variations in international transfers and tariffs, in service levels and in deviation from a supply delivery schedule that falls within a window. We examine the benefits of postponement under the influence of these factors, and we derive the necessary conditions for a strategic choice of both the \u27postponement timing\u27, (early or delayed differentiation) and the \u27decoupling points\u27, (early or late shipping) under decoupled and non-decoupled systems. The study shows when one type of the strategies is more beneficial than the other. Our analysis indicates that the boundaries of a delivery window, the point of differentiation, the point of export, the safety factor, and the relative production cost differences across countries play an important role under postponement. We use the production of Desk Jet printers at Hewlett Packard to illustrate the applicability of this model