Herança citoplasmática de pesos ao nascimento e à desmama em bovinos da raça Charolesa.

Efeitos da herança citoplasmática sobre os pesos ao nascimento (PN;N=1521) e aos 205 dias de idade de bezerros da raça Charolesa

Utjecaj organskih otapala na značajke slobodne i imobilizirane inulinaze, izolirane iz kvasca Kluyveromyces marxianus ATCC 16045

The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of the butyl acetate concentration on the characteristics of free and immobilized inulinase from Kluyveromyces marxianus ATCC 16045. The mass fractions of organic solvent (OS) in sodium acetate buffer (0.1 M) were studied in the range from 25 to 70 %. The characteristics of both free and immobilized enzymes were not significantly affected by the OS mass fraction. The optimal temperature for the free enzyme was 55 °C at all OS mass fractions studied, whereas for the immobilized enzyme the optimum was 55 °C at 70 % of butyl acetate, and in the range from 50 to 60 °C at 25 and 50 % of OS. The optimum pH values, at all OS mass fractions, were 4.8 and 4.4 for the free and immobilized enzymes, respectively. The immobilized enzyme showed more stability at 50 °C and pH=4.8 for the whole range of OS mass fractions, since its stability was improved about 3 times. The kinetics parameters were calculated using Lineweaver-Burk plots. For the free enzyme, the vmax values were 12.5, 58.5 and 37.6 U/mL and the Km values 17.5, 280.7 and 210.4 mM at butyl acetate mass fractions of 25, 50 and 70 %, respectively. Similarly, for the immobilized enzyme, the vmax values were 38.9, 59.5 and 72.5 U/mL and the Km values 3.1, 5.4 and 14.0 mM at the same butyl acetate mass fractions, respectively.Svrha je ovoga rada bila procijeniti utjecaj koncentracije butilnog acetata na značajke slobodne i imobilizirane inulinaze, izolirane iz kvasca Kluyveromyces marxianus ATCC 16045. Upotrijebljeni su maseni udjeli organskih otapala u acetatnom puferu od 25 do 70 %, te je utvrđeno da maseni udjeli otapala nije bitno utjecao na značajke enzima, Optimalna je temperatura za aktivnost slobodnog enzima bila 55 °C pri svim udjelima otapala, a za imobilizirani enzim 55 °C uz dodataka 70 % butilnog acetata, te u rasponu od 50 do 60 °C uz dodatak 25 i 50 % otapala. Utvrđena je optimalna pH-vrijednost od 4,8 za slobodni, te 4,4 za imobilizirani enzim. Stabilnost imobiliziranog enzima bila je trostruko veća pri 50 °C i pH=4,8, pri svim udjelima otapala. Određeni su kinetički parametri primjenom dijagrama Lineweaver-Burk, te utvrđene ove vrijednosti za slobodni enzim: vmax od 12,5 U/mL pri 25 %, 58,5 U/mL pri 50 % i 37,6 U/mL pri 70 % otapala, te Km od 17,5 mM pri 25 %, 280,7 mM pri 50 %, te 210,4 mM pri 70 % otapala. Vrijednosti za imobilizirani enzim iznosile su: vmax od 38,9 U/mL pri 25 %, 59,5 U/mL pri 50 % i 72,5 U/mL pri 70 % otapala, a Km od 3,1 mM pri 25 %, 5,4 mM pri 50 % i 14,0 mM pri 70 % butilnog acetata

Extraction of rice bran oil using supercritical CO2 combined with ultrasound

CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL E NÍVEL SUPERIORRice bran oil (RBO) contains oryzanol and tocopherols. Its recovery was performed using conventional techniques with toxic solvents that leave residues in the final product. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has been used, obtaining high global yields352785794CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL E NÍVEL SUPERIORCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL E NÍVEL SUPERIOR552229/2011-32013/02203-6sem informaçã

OPTIMIZATION OF SOLID-LIQUID EXTRACTION OF ETHANOL OBTAINED BY SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION OF SURGARCANE BAGASSE

ABSTRACT -Solid-state fermentation has arrived as an alternative to reduce the amount of waste water in ethanol fermentation. However, the recovery of ethanol from solid medium should be investigated, since depending of experimental condition used in the extraction, significant difference in the results can be obtained. In this work was investigated the influence of temperature (30-50°C), solid to liquid ratio (0.1-0.4 wt%) and orbital agitation (50-180 rpm) in the recovery of ethanol from sugarcane bagasse at different fermentation conditions of moisture content (50-80%) and ethanol amount (5-20 wt%). The highest recovering efficiency was 99,8% at 30°C, initial ethanol amount of 10 wt%, orbital agitation of 100 rpm and moisture content of 60%. The main contribution of this work was to demonstrate that the amount of water used in the extraction is lesser than that used in traditional liquid fermentation, making possible to obtain a more concentrated broth, saving with water treatment and energy

Variabilidade química de compostos orgânicos voláteis e semivoláteis de populações nativas de Maytenus ilicifolia

This work is focused on the chemical distribution of volatile and semi-volatile compounds of 18 native populations of Maytenus ilicifolia collected all over Brazil. The extracts of bulk samples (30 plants) of each population were obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction technique, and analyzed by GC/MS. The quantification of compounds (phytol, squalene, vitamin E, limonene, stigmasterol, friedelan-3-ol, friedelin, fridelan-3-one, palmitic acid and geranyl acetate) showed significant variations within the different populations, which could be related tom microclimate characteristics

Approaches in biotechnological applications of natural polymers

Natural polymers, such as gums and mucilage, are biocompatible, cheap, easily available and non-toxic materials of native origin. These polymers are increasingly preferred over synthetic materials for industrial applications due to their intrinsic properties, as well as they are considered alternative sources of raw materials since they present characteristics of sustainability, biodegradability and biosafety. As definition, gums and mucilages are polysaccharides or complex carbohydrates consisting of one or more monosaccharides or their derivatives linked in bewildering variety of linkages and structures. Natural gums are considered polysaccharides naturally occurring in varieties of plant seeds and exudates, tree or shrub exudates, seaweed extracts, fungi, bacteria, and animal sources. Water-soluble gums, also known as hydrocolloids, are considered exudates and are pathological products; therefore, they do not form a part of cell wall. On the other hand, mucilages are part of cell and physiological products. It is important to highlight that gums represent the largest amounts of polymer materials derived from plants. Gums have enormously large and broad applications in both food and non-food industries, being commonly used as thickening, binding, emulsifying, suspending, stabilizing agents and matrices for drug release in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In the food industry, their gelling properties and the ability to mold edible films and coatings are extensively studied. The use of gums depends on the intrinsic properties that they provide, often at costs below those of synthetic polymers. For upgrading the value of gums, they are being processed into various forms, including the most recent nanomaterials, for various biotechnological applications. Thus, the main natural polymers including galactomannans, cellulose, chitin, agar, carrageenan, alginate, cashew gum, pectin and starch, in addition to the current researches about them are reviewed in this article.. }To the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfíico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for fellowships (LCBBC and MGCC) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nvíel Superior (CAPES) (PBSA). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit, the Project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462) and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) (JAT)