The BFOQ Defense: Title VII’s Concession to Gender Discrimination

Should the BFOQ exception still exist? Because permitting discrimination under Title VII seems fundamentally contrary to the anti-discrimination purpose of the statute, this article questions whether the BFOQ defense is consistent with the aims of Title VII or whether, in actuality, the defense undermines the Act\u27s effectiveness by providing a loophole for employers to participate in the discriminatory practices Title VII seeks to forbid

The Supervision Process through the Eyes of the Supervisor

This study builds on a previous article (Manley & Meijen, 2009) in which advice for in-training practitioners was provided through the shared reflections of experienced and accredited professionals. One of the tips was to choose a supervisor well. This is especially relevant given that the British Psychological Society (BPS) offer some Society-defined roles and expectations of in-training practitioners as part of the candidate handbook for the qualification in sport and exercise psychology. The British Association for Sport and Exercise Sciences (BASES) offers similar guidance for supervisors and supervisees affiliated to their own process of accreditation through supervised experience (SE). In addition, higher education institutions will often provide PhD supervisors with some guiding principles and expectations with regard to the work they conduct with research students. However, useful as these suggested roles and guidelines are, it could be argued that they are less transparent to students and aspiring practitioners who may want to understand more clearly what it is that potential supervisors expect from their supervisees. Thus, the aim of the current article is to provide students with an overview of some of the common expectations supervisors have of their supervisees and to offer some practical advice to students on how to get the most out of their relationship with their supervisor. To do this, we contacted five supervisors in the field of sport and exercise psychology asking them to respond to a number of open-ended questions (available on request from the authors) in relation to their expectations of the supervisee. The questions were related to issues such as previous qualifications, attitude, preparation before meetings, perceptions of their relationship with supervisees, and how to encourage critical thinking and professional development. The respondents are currently supervising PhD students and/or in-training practitioners (i.e., BPS Stage 2 leading to chartered status or BASES SE). The data were analysed by the authors using thematic analysis in order to identify common threads articulated within the obtained responses. The main themes emerging from the questions will be summarised, followed by practical advice for supervisees

Notes on Feeding Behavior of Atlanticus Testaceus (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

The Biology and Feeding behavior of Atlanticus testaceus (scudder) has received considerable attention by Gangwere (1966, 1967). While studying summer feeding of the adult Atlanticus testaceus in a Northern Michigan Jack Pine forest on the seeds of Melampyrum lineare Desr. (Scrophulariaceae), some new observations which supplement published information were made by the author

Impact of intrinsic localized modes of atomic motion on materials properties

Recent neutron and x-ray scattering measurements show intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) in metallic uranium and ionic sodium iodide. Here, the role ILMs play in the behavior of these materials is examined. With the thermal activation of ILMs, thermal expansion is enhanced, made more anisotropic, and, at a microscopic level, becomes inhomogeneous. Interstitial diffusion, ionic conductivity, the annealing rate of radiation damage, and void growth are all influenced by ILMs. The lattice thermal conductivity is suppressed above the ILM activation temperature while no impact is observed in the electrical conductivity. This complement of transport properties suggests that ILMs could improve thermoelectric performance. Ramifications also include thermal ratcheting, a transition from brittle to ductile fracture, and possibly a phase transformation in uranium.Comment: 34 pages, 11 figure

A Pictoral Key and Annotated List of Michigan Pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpionida)

Excerpt: Berlese or Tullgren funnel methods of extraction of forest litter fauna often produce minute arthropods called pseudoscorpions. These are relatively common but have received little attention. Because of the author\u27s involvement with the Michigan State University soil zoology research project the potential significance of these animals has become a matter of interest. The Pictorial Key (Figs. 1 and 2) has been designed to assist in the identification of Michigan pseudoscorpions, and will be a useful starting point for further study of our species. Because pseudoscorpions are predaceous on many soil arthropods (Hoff, 1949), they are important in soil arthropod population dynamics, food chain and humification-fertility studies, and pesticide residue detoxication. During this study, collecting was limited mostly to forest situations. Samples were taken from 40 counties throughout Michigan, during four major time periods. During the summer of 1963, a substantial amount of material was collected from Alpena County. In March 1966, forest litter was collected from 20 counties. In the summer of 1966, specimens were collected from Grand Traverse County and surrounding areas. In the spring of 1968, collections were made throughout the northern Lower and Upper Peninsulas

Machine Learning for Indoor Localization Using Mobile Phone-Based Sensors

In this paper we investigate the problem of localizing a mobile device based on readings from its embedded sensors utilizing machine learning methodologies. We consider a real-world environment, collect a large dataset of 3110 datapoints, and examine the performance of a substantial number of machine learning algorithms in localizing a mobile device. We have found algorithms that give a mean error as accurate as 0.76 meters, outperforming other indoor localization systems reported in the literature. We also propose a hybrid instance-based approach that results in a speed increase by a factor of ten with no loss of accuracy in a live deployment over standard instance-based methods, allowing for fast and accurate localization. Further, we determine how smaller datasets collected with less density affect accuracy of localization, important for use in real-world environments. Finally, we demonstrate that these approaches are appropriate for real-world deployment by evaluating their performance in an online, in-motion experiment.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure