Genome-wide association study confirm major QTL for backfat fatty acid composition on SSC14 in Duroc pigs

Background: Fatty acid composition contributes importantly to meat quality and is essential to the nutritional value of the meat. Identification of genetic factors underlying levels of fatty acids can be used to breed for pigs with healthier meat. The aim of this study was to conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify QTL regions affecting fatty acid composition in backfat from the pig breeds Duroc and Landrace. Results: Using data from the Axiom porcine 660 K array, we performed GWAS on 454 Duroc and 659 Landrace boars for fatty acid phenotypes measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology (C16:0, C16:1n-7, C18:0, C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, total saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids). Two QTL regions on SSC4 and SSC14 were identified in Duroc for the de novo synthesized fatty acids traits, whereas one QTL on SSC8 was detected in Landrace for C16:1n-7. The QTL region on SSC14 has been reported in previous studies and a putative causative mutation has been suggested in the promoter region of the SCD gene. Whole genome re-sequencing data was used for genotype imputation and to fine map the SSC14 QTL region in Norwegian Duroc. This effort confirms the location of the QTL on this chromosome as well as suggesting other putative candidate genes in the region. The most significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on SSC14 explain between 55 and 76% of the genetic variance and between 27 and 54% of the phenotypic variance for the de novo synthesized fatty acid traits in Norwegian Duroc. For the QTL region on SSC8 in Landrace, the most significant SNP explained 19% of the genetic variance and 5% of the phenotypic variance for C16:1n-7. Conclusions: This study confirms a major QTL affecting fatty acid composition on SSC14 in Duroc, which can be used in genetic selection to increase the level of fatty acid desaturation. The SSC14 QTL was not segregating in the Landrace population, but another QTL on SSC8 affecting C16:1n-7 was identified and might be used to increase the level of desaturation in meat products from this breed

Nutrient status of soil and regenerated Garjan (Dipterocarpus turbinatus Gaertn.) seedlings in Dulahazara Garjan Forest, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Soil: Plant nutrient status in naturally regenerated garjan (Dipterocarpus turbinatus Gaertn.) seedlings of 3, 9, 15, 21, 27 and 33 months old were studied in twelve stands of three sites on late and early monsoon during 1994 to 1995 in Dulahazara garjan forest of Cox’s Bazar forest division. Soil samples were collected from two profiles (i.e. top soil and sub soil) of twelve stands in three sites. Soil moisture content, pH, texture, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, total N and available P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Fe were determined. Soils were found to be silty loam to sandy loam with an average pH of 5.06. The average values of organic carbon and cation exchange capacity were 0.74% and 6.23 meq/100g respectively. The soils were poor in total nitrogen (689 μg g-1) and the average values of available mineral nutrients such as P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Fe in soil were 3.15, 53, 40, 47, 36 and 0.94 μg g-1, respectively. The soil in site -S2 appeared to be more fertile than those of site-S1 and site-S3. The average values of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Fe in leaf- bud were found to be 1.80, 0.13, 0.94, 0.72, 0.23, 0.06 and 0.014% respectively. Leaf-bud nutrients showed a marked variation both with seasons as well as ages. Leaf-bud of late monsoon contained higher concentrations of P, Mg and Ca compared to leaf-bud of early monsoon which contained higher concentrations of N, K and Fe. Nutrient cycling in soil:leafbud system of regenerated garjan seedling of 3-33 months old varied with seasons and ages. The present study reveals that concentrations of Mn were significantly correlated between leaf-bud and soil whereas P showed the negative correlation indicating that in spite of low quantity of P in the soil, leaf bud had higher quantity.&#x0D; Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 7(2): 79-88, 2018 (December)</jats:p

Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Phosphorus Levels on Dry Matter Production and Nutrients Uptake by Tomato Seedlings

To investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and phosphorus (P) rates on the uptake of primary and secondary nutrients by tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Milli) cv. BARI Tomato-2 seedlings, under P levels ranging from low to excessive, plants were grown in five levels of P (0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5 and 30.0 mg P kg-1 soil) as TSP, either inoculated with AM or without AM. The total dry matter yield and uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg nutrients was significantly influenced by AM inoculation. Nutrient use efficiency in the AM-inoculated seedlings was also significantly higher than that in uninoculated seedlings. The application of different levels of P lonely increased different nutrients and its uptake positively up to certain level, but at higher level influenced negatively. The N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg content and uptake all were the highest when P applied @ 30 kg ha-1 and the lowest @ 0 kg P ha-1 but uptake found the lowest @ 60 kg P ha-1. There was a significant interaction effect of AM and P levels on nutrients content and their uptakes positively up to certain level, but at higher level of P combination influenced negatively. Among the treatment combinations, P30 x I showed the highest nutrient contents under study and their uptakes but dry matter yield gave the highest value when AM was applied with P @ 15 kg ha-1.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16932 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 75 - 84, 2008</jats:p

A Survey of Livestock and Poultry along with Mortality Trends of Goat at Kaunia Upzilla, Rangpur, Bangladesh

This investigational survey was carried out to explore the livestock along with mortality of goat at eight different villages of Kaunia upzilla, Rangpur, Bangladesh from 10th March to 10th July 2013. A pre-structured questionnaire data were collected based on livestock, breed, age, sex, housing pattern, grazing, vaccination and deworming history, diseases, treatment, causes of death with mortality. A total of 808 species of livestock and poultry were recorded through survey where 38% were goat and 42.5% were poultry. Only 6.5% livestock were vaccinated and 7% were dewormed. Statistically significant difference in vaccination and deworming was reputed with different breeds (p ?0.05) whether no significant variation was observed with sex and grazing (p&gt;0.05). About 42.24% goat kids were mortal due to coldness, pneumonia along with diarrhea (37.5%), coccidiosis (37.21%) and Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) (14.86%). PPR was the major focal cause of mortality in adult male (33.11%), female (28.38%) and growing goat (23.65%) which was followed by diarrhea, coccidiosis, pneumonia, urogenital infection, dystocia and poisoning. The study has assessed probable mortality, diseases and hazards of goat rearing which should be subsided and clinically managing as well. However, extensive work with preventive intervention (regular deworming, vaccination) and improvement of husbandry practices are suggested for the expansion of goat rearing in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21278 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 155-160 </jats:p

Determination of Salmonella in egg shell and egg content in some selected areas of Bangladesh

Salmonellosis is one of the most common and widely distributed food-borne diseases. It constitutes a major public health burden and represents a significant cost in many countries. Salmonella are known for its wide range host and can cause clinical diseases in some hosts while in others, can be asymptomatic. Poultry and eggs are considered as major sources for different pathogenic Salmonella serotypes. Eggs produced locally under the small scale layer farm may present a hazard to consumers which may increase the spread of Salmonella in the environment. To investigate the occurrence of Salmonella, a total of 72 samples were taken from 6 poultry farm in some selected areas of Bangladesh. Sampling program was executed between October and December, 2013 and samples were tested using standard laboratory methods. Data was collected through direct interview and structured questionnaire. Our study shows that, true prevalence of Salmonella in egg shell and egg contents were 0.093% and 0.068% respectively. The highest apparent prevalence in Udayan poultry farm (50%) and lowest in Liza poultry farm (16.67%). The average frequency of egg shell contamination is positively correlated with re-use of egg tray without disinfection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation on Salmonella spp. in selected local egg production farms in Chittagong. Further detail study is highly recommended.International Journal of Natural Sciences (2015), 5(2) 66-72</jats:p

Bilateral Paget’s Disease of Nipple

Paget’s disease of nipple is a rare entity of malignant lesion of breast and bilateral Paget’s disease is very uncommon. It presents as eczema like condition of the nipple areola which persists despite local treatment. As it is a superficial manifestation of underlying breast carcinoma high degree of suspicion is essential for proper recognition of this condition, so that early diagnostic work up can be initiated for differentiating it from other benign inflammatory skindisorder and for detecting an underlying breast carcinoma, thereby delay in proper treatment can be avoided in order to avoiding dismal consequences. Here we report a case of bilateral Paget’s disease of nipple with invasive left breast carcinoma in a 40 year old lady diagnosed in Medical College for Women and Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(1): 33-36</jats:p

Predictability of Orographic Rainfall Features Over Sylhet Using Nwp Model

Topography and orography are two physical factors which produce high impact rainfall over the North-eastern part of Bangladesh. To predict the orographic rainfall of 29 March 2017 over Sylhet, Bangladesh an attempt has been performed using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The model has been run in a single domain of 10 km horizontal resolution for 48-h and 72-h using six hourly global final datasets from 0000 UTC of each initial day of the event as initial and lateral boundary conditions with NSSL 2-moment microphysics scheme, Kain–Fritsch cumulous scheme and Yonsei University Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) scheme. The model outputs such as sea level pressure, wind flow, vorticity, wind shear, humidity, Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Convective Inhibition, Lifted Index, K-index, Total Total Index and rainfall have been analyzed. The model predicted weather parameters were visualized by Grid Analysis and Display System (GrADS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) software and validated with observed data of Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMRWF) data. The analysis determines that the CAPE of magnitude 800- 1000 JKg-1, positive vorticity of (6-10) ×10-5s-1 and relative humidity of 80-100% up to 500-400 hPa levels are accountable for the happening of the orographic extreme rainfall and other parameters are compatible with the observed or theoretical values. This study indicates that the model with an appropriate model set up is capable to predict the orographic precipitation realistically well and can be used for upcoming events.&#x0D; Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 61-73</jats:p