Assessment of Passion Fruit Trees Genotypes in Terms of Fruit Quality and Yields in Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil.

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Indutores de resistência na qualidade de citros de mesa.

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Time of metamitron application and concentration in the chemical thinning of "Maciel" peach.

Época e concentração do metamitron no raleio químico de pessegueiro "Maciel": No cultivo de pessegueiros o produtor tem o desafio de obter frutos de boa qualidade e manter a produção de forma equilibrada ao longo dos anos. O raleio favorece esses parâmetros e reduz a carga de frutos nas plantas. O raleio manual praticado comumente em pessegueiros, exige elevada mão de obra e onera os custos de produção. Estudos apontam o raleio químico como uma alternativa ao raleio manual, que dependendo da espécie, época e da dosagem empregada vem demonstrando eficiência nas frutíferas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do metamitron aplicado em diferentes épocas e concentrações no raleio químico de pessegueiros no Sul do Brasil. Experimentos foram conduzidos em pomar comercial de pessegueiro da cultivar Maciel, no município de Morro Redondo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, durante as safras 2015 e 2016. No experimento 1 aplicou-se metamitron na concentração de 200 mg L-1 aos 20, 30, 40, 50 e 60 dias após a plena floração e raleio manual realizado aos 40 dias após a plena floração. No experimento 2 foram aplicados os tratamentos com metamitron nas concentrações de 100 mg L-1, 200 mg L-1, 300 mg L-1 e 400 mg L-1 e raleio manual realizados aos 40 dias após a plena floração, além das plantas testemunhas. Avaliou-se a abscisão dos frutos, frutificação efetiva, número total de frutos por planta, produção por planta, massa média e o diâmetro dos frutos. O metamitron na concentração de 200 mg L-1 possui efeito raleante quando aplicado antes dos 40 dias após a plena floração. A aplicação de 100 mg L-1 de metamitron aplicado 40 DAPF promoveu a abscisão de frutos superior ao raleio manual. Portanto, a aplicação de metamitron em pessegueiros "Maciel" mais próximo da plena floração, na concentração de 100 mg L-1 resulta numa pratica eficiente de raleio semelhante ao raleio manual

Barton, a variedade mais importante do Brasil.

O objetivo do trabalho foi expor o comportamento do inicio vegetativo e o período florífero em função da irrigação

Agronomic performance of 'Valência' orange combined with 13 rootstocks in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of 'Valência' sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) tree, in combination with 13 rootstocks cultivated in soil and climate conditions of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The following agronomic variables were evaluated: scion height and volume, plant production, production efficiency, productivity, fruit diameter, fruit mass, peel mass, juice yield, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble solids:acidity ratio, ascorbic acid, peel color, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compounds. A randomized complete block experimental design was used, with three replicates and nine plants per plot, in a two-factor arrangement (13 rootstocks and the 2015 and 2016 harvests). The following rootstocks stood out: TSKC × TRDP-023 for its juice yield (54.0 and 51.7%), soluble solids:acidity ratio (8.66 and 6.99), and ascorbic acid (49.3 and 51 mg 100 g-1); and the citrandarin 'San Diego', for its higher phenolic-compound content (106.4 and 74.9 100 g-1 gallic acid), coloration (76.2 and 75.9 hº), and ascorbic acid (42.2 and 44.7 mg 100 g-1). The TSKC × TRDP-026 and TSKC × CTQT1434-004 rootstocks induce canopy formation and productive precocity in 'Valência' orange trees grown in the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul state, in the first few years of growth.</div

Nitrogen fertilization associated with cold storage and its impacts on the maintenance of peach quality.

Nitrogen, which is considered the most important nutrient for peach trees, may interfere in both quantitative production characteristics and quality of fruits. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of the combination of doses of N fertilization and different periods of cold storage on physico-chemical and phytochemical characteristics of peaches in post-harvest. The experiment had a randomized complete block design in a 4x3 factorial scheme, i. e., four doses of fertilization (0, 60, 120 and 180 Kg N ha-1) and three periods of storage (on the harvest day, on both the 15th and the 30th storage days at 1±1ºC, each followed by a day of simulated commercialization at 20±1ºC). The following aspects were evaluated in fruits yielded by peach trees of the genotype Cascata 1067: fruit color, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, pulp firmness, mass loss, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Different periods of cold storage and doses of N fertilization were found to affect epidermis luminosity, pulp firmness and titratable acidity of fruits. Peaches may be stored at low temperatures for 15+1 days. After that, loss of fruit firmness increases. N fertilization affects neither the soluble solid content nor the epidermis color of peaches, but both parameters are influenced by storage. Values of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity decrease when there is N increment in the soil and when longer storage is carried out. Results suggest that peach composition may be affected by cultural practices, such as N fertilization, in harvest and after storage

Postharvest Quality during Refrigerated Storage of 'Nadorcott' Mandarin.

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Caracteristicas dos citros apirênicos produzidos no Rio Grande do Sul.

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Resposta floral e crescimento das nogueiras-pecã "Barton" e "Shawnee" pelo posicionamento cardeal.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar o desenvolvimento fenológico de dois cultivos de nogueira-pecã nos quatro quadrantes cardeais de um pomar localizado na região sul do Brasil

Addition of preservatives to minimally processed "BRS Kampai" peaches (Prunus persicaL.).

Fruits that go through processes of sanitation, peeling, cuttingand packaging,to be consumed soon afterwards, are called minimally processed fruits.Since fruit consumption is important in the human diet, consumers have looked for practicality in both preparation and consumption, a situation that includes minimally processed food. However, minimal processing can damage plant tissues, mainly by pulp browning and by accelerating changes in natural characteristics of the product. This study aimed at minimizing changes in minimally processed sliced peaches by immersing them in solutionswhich contained preservatives.The experiment was a completely randomized design in a 5x3 factorial scheme (5 anti-browning agents x 3 storage periods), with 4 trays per replicateand six slices of peaches in every replicate.Sliced fruits were treated with T1 = control (distilled water); T2 = ascorbic acid at 1% (m/v); T3 = sodium isoascorbate at 1% (m/v); T4 = ascorbic acid at 0.5% (m/v) + sodium isoascorbate at 0.5% (m/v); and T5 = citric acid at 0.5% (m/v)+ sodium isoascorbateat 0.5% (m/v). Afterwards, they were placed on trays, covered with 9? PVC film and stored at 4±1ºC for 0(S1), 6(S2)and 12 (S3) days. The following variables were evaluated: mass loss, pulp color, pulp firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, rot spots, total phenols and antioxidant activity. The treatment that consisted of citric acid at 0.5% (m/v) + sodium isoascorbateat 0.5% (m/v) was the most efficient one to controloxidation; its values of browning indexes were the lowest ones, i. e.,15.62 (S1), 17.74 (S2) and 17.58 (S3).Besides, it kept the creamy-white color of the pulp throughout storage time.Preprint