HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM.

Home automation system is becoming popular day by day all-over the world. Starting from simple home to large industrial setup everywhere Home Automation is used in a large number. With the advancement of technologies home automation system are gradually advancing more and more, making the life of every individual smoother and easier with minimizing the work load. Home automation refers to the automatic and electronic control of household appliances, features and activities which is initially developed with the aim to provide supporting system for the elderly and disabled, especially those who live alone but now a days it also fulfil the requirement of a large number of population seeking luxury and sophisticated home automation platform. The main objective of the project is to provide the necessary freedom of controlling devices in home or industry like tube light, electrical bulbs, electrical fan, AC etc. automatically using different sensors like PIR, DHT 11, wit the Arduino UNO platform by sensing the presence of individual. The device is made smart enough to detect human presence using PIR sensor and measuring different other parameters like daylight, temperature etc to control Electrical bulbs and the speed of fan. The proposed prototype also come with a LCD display to make the user to see the different values of measured parameters like temperature etc. The device also enables the user to manually control different activities like ON/OFF lights and speed of fan. The device is also a cost effective model to make it possible to implement by everyone according to there requirements

Factors affecting death due to COVID-19: an analytical study from a tertiary care hospital of Assam

Background: Globally, the Case Fatality Rate (CFR) due CoVID19 ranges from 0.1-4.7%. CoVID-19 death remained 0.5% till April 2021 in Assam as compared to India (1.3%). Though pre-existing diseases greatly contributes to CFR yet its association study from India is scarce. This study documents association of such death with comorbidities in a tertiary hospital of Assam. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 234 COVID death from May 2020 to December 2020 in Jorhat Medical College (JMCH) were done. Demography, comorbidities at admission and blood parameters were analyzed in Epi-Info version7.2.4.0. Continuous variables were presented as mean±SD or median (interquartile ranges) and correlated with death. Results: Out of 3781 confirmed cases admitted in JMCH, 234 died (72% male) with CFR of 0.06. Highest deaths occurred between 61 to 70 years. Median duration of disease was 4 days (IQR 2-8days). Acute respiratory distress or pneumonia was most common (53.1%) symptom followed by septicemia (24.6%) at admission. Diabetes mellitus (36.6%), hypertension (24.8%), diabetes with hypertension (11.4%) and chronic kidney diseases (22.4%) were common chronic comorbidities. About 64% cases had thrombocytopenia, and 66.9% had leukocytosis at admission. Many cases had coronary artery diseases, left ventricular failure, post-operative complications, post-partum complications, severe hemoptysis, severe anemia, metabolic encephalopathy, acute myocardial infarction, non-ketotic coma and acute gastroenteritis and SARS-COV2 infection. Conclusions: CoVID19 associated mortality in Assam was low and mostly among elderly with chronic comorbidities. CKD was most significantly associated with mortality. Superimposed bacterial infection at admission contributed to many fatal outcomes in COVID19, thus warranting proper empirical antibiotic

Biomedical Sleep Inducer System

Sleeping difficulty called insomnia, can involve difficulty in falling asleep one who has first go to bed at night, waking up too early in the morning and waking up often during night. The lack of restful sleep can affect your ability to hold out daily responsibilities. All types of insomnia can cause day time drowsiness, poor concentration, and therefore the inability to feel refreshed and rested in the morning. Magnetic flux related to the plannet is termed geo-magnetic fields. It is essentially dipolar on the earth’s surface. Many of us experience sleeping well within the natural surroundings into a tent or a wooden hut. This fact is because of not only to the healthy atmosphere but also from our unconscious ability to perceive natural earth’s magnetic fields. Our paper is about this sort of geo-magnetic –fields. This has been designed a circuit, which radiates an electromagnetic field which is low frequency through a radiator coil and our aim is to perceive them, in this manner our brain is surrounded by a perfect  environment for a sound sleep

Enamel Surface Damage following Debonding of Ceramic Brackets: A Hospital-Based Study

Background and Objective. The primary responsibility of an orthodontist is to preserve the dental enamel structure during debonding ceramic brackets. The enamel injury caused at the time of bracket removal causes inconvenience to the patient and disturbs the treating orthodontist. This paper aims for an effective evidence-based debonding protocol to keep the enamel surface intact. Methods. The current study includes 80 extracted premolars of human from the patient visiting for orthodontic treatment of Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Karnataka, India. The brackets were debonded using four different methods. The enamel surface damage after the procedure was assessed with the Enamel Surface Index (ESI); similarly, the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) score was used to determine the adhesive residual deposit. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize better microporosities and micromechanical retention of adhesive remnants on the enamel surface. The normality of the data was tested using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Depending upon the normality test result, the one-way ANOVA test or Kruskal–Wallis test was used to test the mean ESI and mean ARI differences among different debonding methods along with the appropriate post hoc tests. The necessary ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the institute. Results. The ultrasonic scaler (US) technique led to more significant enamel surface damage, with 13 (65%) samples in the ESI scores III and IV against the satisfactory surface in 2 (10%) samples with the ligature cutter (LC) technique (ESI-I) reflecting LC as a better technique. The ESI scores (III and IV) for debonding plier (DP) and thermal method (TM) reflected a higher value in 12 (60%) and 10 (50%) samples and caused more damage to the enamel surface as compared to the LC technique. The ARI score was highest (ARI-1 = 40%) with the LC technique, followed by the US (ARI-1 = 20%), TM (ARI-1 = 15%), and DP (ARI-1 = 5%) methods. We have observed a significant association (p value <0.05) of the ARI score among four different debonding ways in terms of each tooth’s residual adhesive after the bracket removal. Conclusion. The result establishes the LC technique as a more acceptable one as it causes minimal harm to the debonded surface. The adhesive left on the debonded area is also minimum as compared to the other three methods tested. Therefore, it can be suggested as an ideal method