2,634 research outputs found
Comparison of growth and lipid accumulation at three different growth regimes with Desmodesmus sp.
The production of third generation biofuel and use of microalgae as feedstock have recently gained increased attention in the research area in search of more sustainable processes. These microorganisms have characteristics that offer great potential to produce either feedstock to other process or even final use products. They have fast growth rates and accumulation of intracellular metabolites, including lipids. There are three basic types of cultures in which microalgae can develop: autotrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic. The objective of this work was to study the growth of the microalgae Desmodesmus sp. in these three types of cultivations in order to establish the most effective farming strain for lipids production. It was observed that the strain had higher yields of biomass and lipids in the mixotrophic cultivation with glucose (10 g L−1) as the carbon source, obtaining 54.5 × 106 cells mL−1 with a growth rate of 0.28 (days−1) and 25.1% of lipids in a 6 day cultivation time9421427COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informação2014/10064-9; 2015/19935-
Abundance Gradients and the Formation of the Milky Way
In this paper we adopt a chemical evolution model, which is an improved
version of the Chiappini, Matteucci and Gratton (1997) model, assuming two main
accretion episodes for the formation of the Galaxy. The present model takes
into account in more detail than previously the halo density distribution and
explores the effects of a threshold density in the star formation process,
during both the halo and disk phases. In the comparison between model
predictions and available data, we have focused our attention on abundance
gradients as well as gas, stellar and star formation rate distributions along
the disk. We suggest that the mechanism for the formation of the halo leaves
detectable imprints on the chemical properties of the outer regions of the
disk, whereas the evolution of the halo and the inner disk are almost
completely disentangled. This is due to the fact that the halo and disk
densities are comparable at large Galactocentric distances and therefore the
gas lost from the halo can substantially contribute to building up the outer
disk. We also show that the existence of a threshold density for the star
formation rate, both in the halo and disk phase, is necessary to reproduce the
majority of observational data in the solar vicinity and in the whole disk.
Moreover, we predict that the abundance gradients along the Galactic disk must
have increased with time and that the average [alpha/Fe] ratio in stars (halo
plus disk) slightly decrease going from 4 to 10 Kpcs from the Galactic center.
We also show that the same ratios increase substantially towards the outermost
disk regions and the expected scatter in the stellar ages decreases, because
the outermost regions are dominated by halo stars.Comment: 41 pages (including the figures), To be published in Ap
Sulfur, Chlorine, & Argon Abundances in Planetary Nebulae. I: Observations and Abundances in a Northern Sample
This paper is the first of a series specifically studying the abundances of
sulfur, chlorine, and argon in Type II planetary nebulae (PNe) in the Galactic
disk. Ratios of S/O, Cl/O, and Ar/O constitute important tests of differential
nucleosynthesis of these elements and serve as strict constraints on massive
star yield predictions. We present new ground-based optical spectra extending
from 3600-9600 Angstroms for a sample of 19 Type II northern PNe. This range
includes the strong near infrared lines of [S III] 9069,9532, which allows us
to test extensively their effectiveness as sulfur abundance indicators. We also
introduce a new, model-tested ionization correction factor for sulfur. For the
present sample, we find average values of S/O=1.2E-2(+/- 0.71E-2),
Cl/O=3.3E-4(+/- 1.6E-4), and Ar/O=5.0E-3(+/- 1.9E-3).Comment: 44 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journa
Thermal instability of an expanding dusty plasma with equilibrium cooling
We present an analysis of radiation induced instabilities in an expanding
plasma with considerable presence of dust particles and equilibrium cooling. We
have shown that the equilibrium expansion and cooling destabilize the radiation
condensation modes and the presence of dust particles enhances this effect. We
have examined our results in the context of ionized, dusty-plasma environments
such as those found in planetary nebulae (PNe). We show that due to the
non-static equilibrium and finite equilibrium cooling, small-scale localized
structures formed out of thermal instability, become transient, which agrees
with the observational results. The dust-charge fluctuation is found to heavily
suppress these instabilities, though in view of non-availability of convincing
experimental data, a definitive conclusion could not be made.Comment: 23 pages, 14 figure
Nature of the constant factor in the relation between radial breathing mode frequency and tube diameter for single-wall carbon nanotubes
Resonance Raman scattering is used to determine the radial breathing mode (RBM) frequency (ωRBM) dependence on tube diameter (dt) for single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). We establish experimentally the ωRBM=227.0/dt as the fundamental relation for pristine SWNTs. All the other RBM values found in the literature can be explained by an upshift in frequency due mostly to van der Waals interaction between SWNTs and environment
Sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária na região do Cerrado.
Título em inglês
Stellar parameters for stars of the CoRoT exoplanet field
Aims:To support the computation and evolutionary interpretation of periods
associated with the rotational modulation, oscillations, and variability of
stars located in the CoRoT fields, we are conducting a spectroscopic survey for
stars located in the fields already observed by the satellite. These
observations allow us to compute physical and chemical parameters for our
stellar sample. Method: Using spectroscopic observations obtained with UVES/VLT
and Hydra/Blanco, and based on standard analysis techniques, we computed
physical and chemical parameters (, , ,
, , , and ) for a large
sample of CoRoT targets. Results: We provide physical and chemical parameters
for a sample comprised of 138 CoRoT targets. Our analysis shows the stars in
our sample are located in different evolutionary stages, ranging from the main
sequence to the red giant branch, and range in spectral type from F to K. The
physical and chemical properties for the stellar sample are in agreement with
typical values reported for FGK stars. However, we report three stars
presenting abnormal lithium behavior in the CoRoT fields. These parameters
allow us to properly characterize the intrinsic properties of the stars in
these fields. Our results reveal important differences in the distributions of
metallicity, , and evolutionary status for stars belonging to
different CoRoT fields, in agreement with results obtained independently from
ground-based photometric surveys. Conclusions: Our spectroscopic catalog, by
providing much-needed spectroscopic information for a large sample of CoRoT
targets, will be of key importance for the successful accomplishment of several
different programs related to the CoRoT mission, thus it will help further
boost the scientific return associated with this space mission.Comment: 43 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in A&
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