Índices fisiológicos de soja hortaliça em duas épocas de semeadura no Recôncavo Sul Baiano

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the performance of four vegetable soybean genotypes and one vegetable soybean cultivar in two sowing periods (April / 2009 and August / 2009) under South Reconcavo Baiano Region environmental conditions. The experiments were installed in the field at the Federal University in the county of Cruz das Almas – BA.  The experimental design was in random blocks, with five treatments (genotypes: JLM 17, JLM 18, JLM 19, BR 94 and the BRS 155 cultivar) and five replicates. The experimental plots were made up by eight rows of 5.0 m in length: spacing of 50 cm between rows and 12 seeds per meter, with three side borders, three for yield data and two for growth analysis.  Samplings of five plants per plot taken at random were carried out every fifteen days from 21 days after emergence (DAE) until physiological plant maturity in order to quantify dry matter mass (g plant -1) and plant leaf area (dm²). These characteristics were used to determine the following physiological indices:  crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilatory rate (NAR) and leaf area ratio (LAR).  NAR and LAR were the most efficient physiological indices to indicate the performance and growth of the materials evaluated.  However, vegetative and yield performance of the plant should be measured by the combined response of the physiological indices since they are interconnected, leading to compensation effects between them.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar por meio dos índices fisiológicos, o desempenho de cinco genótipos de soja hortaliça em duas épocas de semeadura nas condições ambientais do recôncavo Sul Baiano, no Município de Cruz das Almas – BA, em 2009. Os experimentos foram instalados no Campo Experimental do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, no município de Cruz das Almas – BA. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (os genótipos JLM 17, JLM 18, JLM 19, JLM 27, BR 94 e BRS 155) e cinco repetições, em duas épocas de semeadura: primeira época (abril-julho) e a segunda época (agosto-novembro). Foram realizadas coletas quinzenais de cinco plantas aleatórias por parcela, a partir dos 21 dias após a emergência (DAE) até a maturação plena, para a determinação da matéria seca (g planta-¹) e da área foliar da planta (dm²). Essas características serviram de base para determinar os índices fisiológicos: taxa de crescimento da cultura (TCC), taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR), taxa assimilatória líquida (TAL) e razão de área foliar (RAF). O desempenho vegetativo e produtivo da planta deve ser avaliado pela resposta conjunta dos índices fisiológicos, sobretudo TAL e a RAF uma vez que estão interligados, provocando efeitos de compensação entre eles

Resveratrol and resveratrol-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin complex recovered the changes of creatine kinase and Na+, K+-ATPase activities found in the spleen from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the result of the selective destruction of the pancreatic β-cells by T cells of the immune system. Although spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ, it is also involved in the T1D pathogenesis. However, the alterations in a variety of cellular processes of this disease need to be further understood. We aimed to analyze the benefits of resveratrol, and its complexed form on diabetic complications in the spleen of rats. To this end, we investigated important enzymes of phosphoryl transfer network, and Na+, K+-ATPase activity. Wistar rats were divided into non-diabetic groups: Control, Ethanol, Resveratrol, Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, Resveratrol-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, and diabetic groups with the same treatments. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of 60 mg/kg of streptozocin intraperitoneally, and treatments by intragastric gavage once daily for 60 days. Hyperglycemia reduced creatine kinase activity, which was reversed by the administration of resveratrol. Na+, K+-ATPase activity was greatly affected, but it was reversed by resveratrol and resveratrol-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. This suggest an energetic imbalance in the spleen of diabetic rats, and in case this also occurs in the diabetic patients, it is possible that resveratrol supplementation could be beneficial to the better functioning of the spleen in diabetic patients

Selectivity of Herbicide 2,4-D, Isolated and In Association, In Pre-Emergency in Culture of Açaí

With the growth of acai planted areas, further studies on herbicides are needed in this palm tree of great potential. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the selectivity of the 2,4-D herbicide applied in pre-emergence, isolated, and in association, with acai seedlings. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 4 replications. Increasing doses of 2,4-D isolated (502.5, 1,005 and 2,010 g e a ha) and associated with picloram (960 g e. a ha), triclopyr (960 g e. a ha) were applied as treatments. and glyphosate (1,110 g e. a ha), one more control without application. At 3,7,14,21,28 and 35 DAA, the percentage of phytointoxication, height (cm), and the number of leaves of the acai seedlings were determined. At the end of the evaluations (35 DAA), the 2,4-D isolated applications obtained the best results, with low phytointoxication visual percentage, higher plants, and a larger number of leaves, showing selective culture. However, the association of the 2,4-D herbicides with picloram, in all doses used, had negative effects on the evaluated parameters, evidencing the non-selectivity of the acai berry crop

Legitimidade, governança corporativa e desempenho: análise das empresas da BM&F Bovespa

Neste artigo, avaliamos como a legitimidade condiciona o valor de mercado das empresas listadas na BM&F Bovespa. Especificamente, analisamos como a adesão ao Novo Mercado modera o efeito da legitimidade no valor da empresa. Para tanto, investigamos 348 organizações, entre os anos de 2002 e 2007, o que gerou um total de 1.357 observações. Verificamos que a adesão ao Novo Mercado, o prestígio dos conselheiros e a reputação da empresa afetam significativamente o valor de mercado. Quando seccionadas as organizações de acordo com o nível de governança, verificamos que as origens cultural-cognitivas e normativas da legitimidade afetaram significativamente o valor de mercado nos grupos com menor grau de governança, enquanto que entre as empresas do Novo Mercado a influência não foi significativa. Diante desses resultados, podemos concluir que a legitimidade é um importante fator de explicação da variabilidade do desempenho de empresas de capital aberto, em que a presença em listagens diferenciadas de governança condicionou a influência das demais origens da legitimidade no valor de mercado

AMANHO ÓTIMO DE PARCELA PARA A CULTURA DE GIRASSOL EM TRÊS ARRANJOS ESPACIAIS DE PLANTAS

The objective of this study was to evaluate the optimum plot size to three sunflower hybrids in three spatial arrangements of plants. The uniformity test was installed in the experimental field of the Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, in Cruz das Almas, Brazil, in 2012. The plots were composed of six lines of 36 m, which were willing three spatial arrangements of plants: A1 (0,45 m x 0,49 m); A2 (0,70 m x 0,32 m) and A3 (0,90 m x 0,25 m), and each arrangement were distributed three sunflower hybrids: Hélio 250, Hélio 253 e Aguara 3. For the evaluation of the optimal plot size, at 110 days after sowing was harvested a sample of 180 basic units (plants) per plot, in which were evaluated the final plant height, the final diameter of the rod and the diameter of the chapter. Thirty - one plots sizes of three hybrids were simulated and for each variable assessed, wherein each plant was considered as a basic unit. The estimation of optimum plot size to the sun- flower crop was calculated by the method of modified curvature maximum. The combined use of hybrid H253, installed in the arrangement 0.45 m x 0.49 m, promotes obtainment the greatest value of curvature maximum it was estimated the optimum plot size of six plants

Analysis of the Perception of Brazilian Medical Students about Chagas Disease

Considering that health professionals at Brazil had doubts about the entomoepidemiological issues of Chagas disease (CD), and that many of them highlighted not feeling totally safe for clinical care, the knowledge of 281 Brazilian medical students was evaluated through a cross-sectional, descriptive, prospective, and quantitative research. Most students demonstrated that they knew about the etiological agent of CD (Trypanosoma cruzi), since 279 students answered the questionnaire correctly. Furthermore, the medical students demonstrated knowledge of the main form of transmission of the parasite, as 278 students associated CD transmission with triatomines. On the other hand, approximately 25 students did not associate CD transmission with triatomine feces. Besides that, these future health professionals had difficulties in relation to the treatment of CD, as more than half of the students (176) wrongly answered that CD “is not curable” or “is curable in the chronic phase”. Based on the results obtained that point out the difficulties medical students have with CD, there is a need for undergraduate medical courses to address the neglected diseases holistically because the National Curriculum Guidelines for the medical course require the training of competent health professionals capable of integrating the biological, psychological, social, and environmental dimensions