Facebook: How Likes and Followers Affect Users Perception and Leadership

The online social network, Facebook, creates a problem in which likes , and followers give a user the appearance of leadership. The accumulation of likes in the online social network environment, such as Facebook, might offer non-legitimate leader status, similar to campaign donations contributing to the appeal of a political candidate. This appearance of Facebook popularity through likes possibly skews the other members\u27 perspective regarding a user\u27s leadership competence. The user often looks official, popular, and influential through the advent of likes and followers. Any opinions of a user with accumulated likes could be taken with greater weight than a user with significantly fewer likes and followers. The objective of this study finds if the accumulation of likes and followers on Facebook leads to perceived user leadership status. The data includes a Facebook user questionnaire survey and subsequent data analysis. This qualitative study may provide a useful expansion of our traditional definition of leadership. The expansion could enhance academic and leadership studies courses with a greater understanding of online social capital

Autonomous learning of commonsense simulations

Parameter-driven simulations are an effective and efficient method for reasoning about a wide range of commonsense scenarios that can complement the use of logical formalizations. The advantage of simulation is its simplified knowledge elicitation process: rather than building complex logical formulae, simulations are constructed by simply selecting numerical values and graphical structures. In this paper, we propose the application of machine learning techniques to allow an embodied autonomous agent to automatically construct appropriate simulations from its real-world experience. The automation of learning can dramatically reduce the cost of knowledge elicitation, and therefore result in models of commonsense with breadth and depth not possible with traditional engineering of logical formalizations

The Essence of Ethical Reasoning in Robot-Emotion Processing

© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature. As social robots become more and more intelligent and autonomous in operation, it is extremely important to ensure that such robots act in socially acceptable manner. More specifically, if such an autonomous robot is capable of generating and expressing emotions of its own, it should also have an ability to reason if it is ethical to exhibit a particular emotional state in response to a surrounding event. Most existing computational models of emotion for social robots have focused on achieving a certain level of believability of the emotions expressed. We argue that believability of a robot’s emotions, although crucially necessary, is not a sufficient quality to elicit socially acceptable emotions. Thus, we stress on the need of higher level of cognition in emotion processing mechanism which empowers social robots with an ability to decide if it is socially appropriate to express a particular emotion in a given context or it is better to inhibit such an experience. In this paper, we present the detailed mathematical explanation of the ethical reasoning mechanism in our computational model, EEGS, that helps a social robot to reach to the most socially acceptable emotional state when more than one emotions are elicited by an event. Experimental results show that ethical reasoning in EEGS helps in the generation of believable as well as socially acceptable emotions

Phase Relations in the Li2O-V2O3-V2O5 System at 700 C: Correlations with Magnetic Defect Concentration in Heavy Fermion LiV2O4

The phase relations in the Li2O-V2O3-V2O5 ternary system at 700 C for compositions in equilibrium with LiV2O4 are reported. This study clarified the synthesis conditions under which low and high magnetic defect concentrations can be obtained within the spinel structure of LiV2O4. We confirmed that the LiV2O4 phase can be obtained containing low (0.006 mol%) to high (0.83 mol%) magnetic defect concentrations n{defect} and with consistently high magnetic defect spin S values between 3 and 6.5. The high n{defect} values were obtained in the LiV2O4 phase in equilibrium with V2O3, Li3VO4, or LiVO2 and the low values in the LiV2O4 phase in equilibrium with V3O5. A model is suggested to explain this correlation.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures; Phys. Rev. B (accepted

Secular Aberration Drift and IAU Definition of ICRS

The gravitational attraction of the Galactic centre leads to the centrifugal acceleration of the Solar system barycentre. It results in secular aberration drift which displaces the position of the distant radio sources. The effect should be accounted for in high-precision astrometric reductions as well as by the corresponding update of the ICRS definition.Comment: 6 page

catena-Poly[[[(2-phenyl­acetato-κO)zinc(II)]bis­[μ-4,4′-(disulfanedi­yl)dipyridine-κ2 N:N′]] monohydrate]

In the title compound, {[Zn(C8H7O2)2(C10H8N2S2)2]·H2O}n, the ZnII atom is coordinated by four N atoms from four 4,4′-(disulfanedi­yl)dipyridine (bpds) ligands and two O atoms from two 2-phenyl­acetate anions in a distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry. The two bpds ligands of the same axial chirality bridge ZnII atoms, generating repeated rhomboidal chains, which are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a ladder structure

Is there an income gradient in child health? It depends whom you ask

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Characterizing Operations Preserving Separability Measures via Linear Preserver Problems

We use classical results from the theory of linear preserver problems to characterize operators that send the set of pure states with Schmidt rank no greater than k back into itself, extending known results characterizing operators that send separable pure states to separable pure states. We also provide a new proof of an analogous statement in the multipartite setting. We use these results to develop a bipartite version of a classical result about the structure of maps that preserve rank-1 operators and then characterize the isometries for two families of norms that have recently been studied in quantum information theory. We see in particular that for k at least 2 the operator norms induced by states with Schmidt rank k are invariant only under local unitaries, the swap operator and the transpose map. However, in the k = 1 case there is an additional isometry: the partial transpose map.Comment: 16 pages, typos corrected, references added, proof of Theorem 4.3 simplified and clarifie

Embryonic Pattern Scaling Achieved by Oppositely Directed Morphogen Gradients

Morphogens are proteins, often produced in a localised region, whose concentrations spatially demarcate regions of differing gene expression in developing embryos. The boundaries of expression must be set accurately and in proportion to the size of the one-dimensional developing field; this cannot be accomplished by a single gradient. Here, we show how a pair of morphogens produced at opposite ends of a developing field can solve the pattern-scaling problem. In the most promising scenario, the morphogens effectively interact according to the annihilation reaction $A+B\to\emptyset$ and the switch occurs according to the absolute concentration of $A$ or $B$. In this case embryonic markers across the entire developing field scale approximately with system size; this cannot be achieved with a pair of non-interacting gradients that combinatorially regulate downstream genes. This scaling occurs in a window of developing-field sizes centred at a few times the morphogen decay length.Comment: 24 pages; 11 figures; uses iopar

Design of quadrature rules for Müntz and Müntz-logarithmic polynomials using monomial transformation

A method for constructing the exact quadratures for Müntz and Müntz-logarithmic polynomials is presented. The algorithm does permit to anticipate the precision (machine precision) of the numerical integration of Müntz-logarithmic polynomials in terms of the number of Gauss-Legendre (GL) quadrature samples and monomial transformation order. To investigate in depth the properties of classical GL quadrature, we present new optimal asymptotic estimates for the remainder. In boundary element integrals this quadrature rule can be applied to evaluate singular functions with end-point singularity, singular kernel as well as smooth functions. The method is numerically stable, efficient, easy to be implemented. The rule has been fully tested and several numerical examples are included. The proposed quadrature method is more efficient in run-time evaluation than the existing methods for Müntz polynomial