392 research outputs found

    Critical flux pinning and enhanced upper-critical-field in magnesium diboride films

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    We have conducted pulsed transport measurements on c-axis oriented magnesium diboride films over the entire relevant ranges of magnetic field 0 \alt H \alt H_{c2} (where \hcu is the upper critical field) and current density 0 \alt j \alt j_{d} (where jdj_{d} is the depairing current density). The intrinsic disorder of the films combined with the large coherence length and three-dimensionality, compared to cuprate superconductors, results in a six-fold enhancement of Hc2H_{c2} and raises the depinning current density jcj_{c} to within an order of magnitude of jdj_{d}. The current-voltage response is highly non-linear at all fields, resulting from a combination of depinning and pair-breaking, and has no trace of an Ohmic free-flux-flow regime. Keywords: pair, breaking, depairing, superconductor, superconductivity, flux, fluxon, vortex, mgb

    Caracterização da eletrodeposição de filmes finos de CdTe sobre Pt em meio ácido

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    RESUMO A eletrodeposição tem sido empregada para a obtenção de materiais semicondutores; todavia, ainda não estão bem esclarecidos os mecanismos envolvidos neste processo. Neste sentido, este trabalho apresenta a investigação deste processo, evidenciando a caracterização do CdTe eletrodepositado sobre substrato platina em solução ácida. A deposição ocorre a partir de 0,0 V, em relação ao eletrodo Ag/AgCl,KClsat, com etapas de controle ativado e de difusão. Os filmes finos de CdTe foram eletrodepositados sobre o substrato de platina a temperatura ambiente (~24°C) a partir de uma solução ácida. A influência do potencial aplicado foi investigada utilizando técnicas de caracterização de superfície, como a difração de raios X e Microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A caracterização elétrica foi realizada por medidas de capacitância (Mott-Schottky). Os filmes finos de CdTe apresentaram pico de maior intensidade no plano (220), demostrando ter um crescimento preferencial para esse plano. Os filmes apresentam uma morfologia granular influenciado pelo potencial de deposição e uma condutividade característica de um semicondutor tipo n

    Histological observations on Montenegro's reaction in man

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    The Montenegro skin test is widely used as a diagnostic method for American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) but little is known about the histological changes that occur in the skin after administration of the antigen. This report is based on histological studies of biopsied material obtained, from inoculation sites, 48 hours after individuals had been given intradermal injections with a standardized Montenegro antigen. The material examined was obtained from four distinctly different test groups: naturally infected patients with parasitologically proved ACL and with positive Montenegro's reaction; individuals without previous history of ACL and not previously tested with Montenegro antigen; participants in anti-ACL vaccine trials who developed positive reactions to Montenegro antigen after vaccination; other participants in vaccine trials who had negative Montenegro responses after vaccination or had served as controls in the trials. The histological pictures of each group are described and discussed. Histologically, the reactions of vaccinated individuals were indistinguishable from those with naturally acquired infections
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