Predictors of mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and diabetes

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the entire world, and patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have been particularly affected. We aimed to evaluate predictors of mortality during the first 30 days of hospitalization in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and comorbid DM. This prospective study included 110 critically ill patients admitted with COVID-19 infection. Thirty-two (29%) patients had a previous diagnosis of DM. Clinical variables, laboratory tests, and vascular biomarkers, such as VCAM-1, syndecan-1, ICAM-1, angiopoietin-1, and angiopoeitin-2, were evaluated after intensive care unit (ICU) admission. A comparison was made between patients with and without DM. No difference in mortality was observed between the groups (48.7 vs 46.9%, P=0.861). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, VCAM-1 levels at ICU admission (HR: 1 [1-1.001], P<0.006) were associated with death in patients with DM. Among patients with DM, advanced age (HR 1.063 [1.031-1.096], P<0.001), increased Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio (HR: 4.515 [1.803-11.308] P=0.001), and need for dialysis (HR: 3.489 [1.409-8.642], P=0.007) were independent predictors of death. Higher levels of VCAM-1 in patients with DM was better at predicting death of patients with severe COVID-19 and comorbid DM, and their cut-off values were useful for stratifying patients with a worse prognosis. Vascular biomarkers VCAM-1 and Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio were predictors of death in patients with severe COVID-19 and comorbid DM and those without DM. Additionally, kidney injury was associated with an increased risk of death

Influence of feeding differentiation on the age at onset of puberty in Brazilian Bergamasca dairy ewe lambs

The objective of the study was to evaluate body growth and age at onset of puberty on lambs fed two specific diets for low and high growth rates. A herd of 20 Brazilian Bergamasca lambs was divided in two groups (n= 10) and kept confined throughout the experimental period, two animals of the same treatment/pen. Two phases were established: Phase 1, from 90 days of age until the onset of puberty; and Phase 2, from puberty onset up to 1 year old. For Phase 1, two distinct diets were formulated, being: Treatment A, which was formulated to obtain an average daily gain of approximately 150g; and Treatment B, for an average daily gain of about 250g. In Phase 2, a balanced, equal diet was provided to both groups. Every 14 days, the animals were weighed and given average daily gain, average daily dry matter intake and body condition score. From the 5th month of age on, in each group, a vasectomized male was used to detect estrus, establishing age at puberty onset and estrus interval for each lamb. Blood samples were collected every 28 days to determine plasma growth hormone concentration. Treatment B lambs gained more weight and had higher body condition score (P0.05) between treatments. It was found that both treatments showed satisfactory performances. Thus, treatment A may be indicated as a reasonable feeding system to achieve positive responses on confined ewe lambs during growth phase

Produção de alface hidropônica em três ambientes de cultivo Production of hydroponic lettuce in three environments

Propôs-se avaliar a produção hidropônica de alface-crespa, variedade "Vera", em bancadas inclinadas com canais de 100 mm, utilizando a técnica de filme de solução nutritiva, em resposta à aplicação de dióxido de carbono e ao resfriamento evaporativo. Realizaram-se cinco ciclos de cultivo nos períodos de 20-3 a 17-4-2000 (C1); 25-5 a 29-6-2000 (C2); 13-7 a 21-8-2000 (C3); 27-8 a 2-10-2000 (C4) e 12-12-2000 a 10-1-2001 (C5). Avaliaram-se três casas de vegetação, sendo casa de vegetação sem sistema de resfriamento evaporativo do ar e sem injeção aérea de CO2 (A1); casa de vegetação com injeção aérea de CO2 e sem sistema de resfriamento evaporativo do ar (A2), e casa de vegetação com injeção aérea de CO2 e com sistema de resfriamento evaporativo do ar do tipo meio poroso-exaustor (A3). Avaliaram-se as massas frescas e secas em gramas, o número de folhas e a área foliar em mm². Utilizou-se do delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em que, no ciclo C1, utilizaram-se 48 repetições por ambiente; para os ciclos C2, C3 e C5, foram 64 repetições, e para o ciclo C4, foram 24 repetições. O ambiente climatizado com incremento de dióxido de carbono promoveu melhor desenvolvimento das plantas, com maior número de folhas comercializáveis. Em ambientes não climatizados, o incremento de CO2 não resultou em aumento de produtividade da alface para a maioria dos ciclos. Em épocas de temperaturas mais elevadas, obtiveram-se plantas maiores, com maior número de folhas.<br>It was proposed to evaluate the hydroponic lettuce production, variety "Vera", on inclined benches with channels of 100 mm, and Nutrient Film Technique, as answer to carbon dioxide application and evaporative cooling. There were five cycles of cultivation from March, 20th to April, 17th (C1); from May, 25th to June, 29th (C2); from July, 13th to August, 20th (C3); from August, 27th to October, 10th (C4); from December, 12th to January, 10th (C5). In three greenhouses were tested the following systems: (A1) without evaporative cooling air CO2 aerial injection, (A2) with CO2 aerial injection and without evaporative cooling and (A3) with CO2 aerial injection and pad-fan evaporative cooling system. The fresh and dry mass of leaves in grams, number of leaves and leaf area in square millimeter were evaluated. The completely randomized statistical analysis was used. The cycle C1 were used 48 replications, for cycles C2, C3 and C5 were used 64 replications and C5 were used 24 replications. The results showed that greenhouse with evaporative cooling system and CO2 allow better development and greater lettuce yield. It was possible to conclude that the aerial injection of CO2, in the absence of evaporative cooling system, did not lead increasing the lettuce productivity to most cycles. Bigger lettuce leaf areas were found in periods with higher temperatures