Національна доповідь про стан і перспективи розвитку освіти в Україні: монографія (До 30-річчя незалежності України)

The publication provides a comprehensive analysis of the state and development of national education over the 30 years of Ukraine’s independence, identifies current problems in education, ascertains the causes of their emergence, offers scientifically reasoned ways to modernise domestic education in the context of globalisation, European integration, innovative development, and national self-identification. Designed for legislators, state officials, education institutions leaders, teaching and academic staff, the general public, all those who seek to increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian education in the context of civilisation changes.У виданні здійснено всебічний аналіз стану і розвитку національної освіти за 30-річний період незалежності України, визначено актуальні проблеми освітньої сфери, виявлено причини їх виникнення, запропоновано науково обґрунтовані шляхи модернізації вітчизняної освіти в умовах глобалізації, європейської інтеграції, інноваційного розвитку та національної самоідентифікації. Розраховано на законодавців, державних управлінців, керівників закладів освіти, педагогічних і науково-педагогічних працівників, широку громадськість, усіх, хто прагне підвищення конкурентоспроможності української освіти в контексті цивілізаційних змін

Testing of the ICMS input data diagnostic system at unit 1 of Novovoronezh NPP II

A real-time in-core monitoring system (ICMS) input data diagnostic system was tested for the first time during the commissioning of Novovoronezh NPP II's unit 1. The system was developed by specialists of “Novovoronezhatomtechenergo”, the Novovoronezh filial of JSC “Atomtechenergo”, with participation of the Kurchatov Institute National Research Center's experts. The purpose of the diagnostic system development is to provide for the continuous monitoring of the input data validity in connection with the fact that new and upgraded ICMS designs include the performance of protective functions based on local in-core parameters. Issues are formulated to be addressed in the development of the ICMS input data diagnostic system, the structure of the developed system is shown and basic data on its operation is given. The paper presents the key system test results which have confirmed that the system is capable to detect in real time the measuring monitoring channels with invalid readings and display respective diagnostic information. The considered ICMS system may serve a prototype for the development of similar systems, to be completed with novel functions, in measuring channels of the NPP monitoring and control systems to enable an integrated real-time analysis of data for identification of the causes for, early detection and prediction of developing defects

Study of reactor plant disturbed cooling condition modes caused by the VVER reactor secondary circuit

Based on the equations of energy, mass and momentum conservation for the three-dimensional unsteady flow of the two-phase mixture, simulations were made of reactor plant disturbed cooling condition modes caused by the VVER secondary circuit using computer thermohydraulic codes. The use of computer codes to investigate these modes makes it possible to analyze transient and some emergency processes, without involving the industrial testing method; this helps create a basis for solving the problems of reliability, operational safety, and efficiency of nuclear power plants. A modern nuclear reactor is a complex system which cannot be investigated or calculated by using only simple theoretical models. Thermohydraulic calculations are an essential part of most of the design and technological developments in the nuclear power industry. Since the NPP conditions exclude the traditional technical way to check and specify the results and conclusions of an aprioristic analysis based on industrial testing, in some instances, it is possible to examine and predict the parameters of thermohydraulic processes in the reactor circulation circuit involving computer simulations. The primary objective of this work is to calculate and investigate reactor disturbed plant cooling condition modes caused by the VVER secondary circuit in order to determine whether the calculated parameters conform to the acceptance criteria established in the regulatory documents. Based on the RELAP-5, TRAC, and TRACE software codes, reactor plant cooling condition malfunction modes caused by the VVER-1000 secondary circuit were simulated and investigated. Experimental data on the mode with the turbine-generator stop valve closing are presented. The obtained dependences made it possible to determine the maximum values of pressure and temperature in the circulation circuit as well as estimate the Minimum Critical Heat Flux Ratio (MCHFR). It has been found that, if any of the initial events occurs, safety systems are activated according to the set points; transient processes are stabilized in time; and the Critical Heat Flux (CHF) limit is provided. Therefore, in the event of emergency associated with the considered modes, the reactor plant safety will be ensured

Visual appearance of demodex mites and their localization in the pilosebaceous complexes

The relevance of the study is due to insufficient knowledge of the morphology of Demodex mites and their localization in hair follicles and sebaceous glands of various skin areas. The Purpose. Study of the visual appearance of Demodex mites and their localization in the structures of the human pilosebaceous complex by scanning electron and light microscopy. Material and methods. Visual appearance of Demodex mites imago were studied by scanning electron microscopy with computer color cor-rection in the contents of scrapings of pilosebaceous hair complexes from 5 healthy male volunteers aged 30–40 years. Localization of mites in the pilosebaceous complexes was investigated by light microscopy in skin biopsies of the nasolabial region of 33 men aged 26–74 years who died as a result of various diseases or injuries. Punch biopsy was performed 12–15 hours after death, the resulting material was stained according to Van Gieson and Mallory. Results. The data obtained using scanning electron microscopy about visual appearance and basic structures of Demodex mites confirm and supplement the features of their morphology described in the literature. Study of localization of parasites by the method of light microscopy revealed the remnants of mites in the mouth of hair sheath of the follicles, in their lumen, in column of the epithelial lining, as well as in the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands and among the sebocytes. Conclusion. The data obtained on a large biopsy material using scanning and light microscopy are of interest to research groups involved in the development and study of the pharmacological action of antiparasitic drugs. © 2020, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved