21 research outputs found
Influence of treated palm oil mill effluent sludge on maize (Zea mays) growth performance and gas exchange
The presence of abundant oil palm residues in Malaysia prompted the need to utilize this waste to avoid environmental pollution. This waste was abundant at the oil palm mill and accounted for almost 50% of production. The study was conducted to determine the morphological effect of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) sludge on the maize growth performance and gas exchange. Physicochemical, growth morphology and gas exchange was measured after treated with POME sludge from different treatment pond systems: Mixing, anaerobic, facultative, algae and dumping. The results indicated the pH, C, and CEC of mixing the < anaerobic < facultative < algae < dumping ponds. There was a significant presence of macronutrient (N, Mg, Ca, Fe, S) in the treated POME sludge, contrary to the presence of heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb) elements which were not significantly different in all the treatments and lower than WHO/FAO standard. Root Shoot Ratio (RSR) and Specific Leaf Area (SLA) indicated significant difference in biomass accumulation and yield compared to the control. The gas exchange variable was a significant difference on stomata conductivity (Gs) and transpiration rate (E). However, the POME sludge from the facultative, algae and dumping ponds showed positive correlations between net photosynthesis, stomata conductivity and transpiration rate. Indeed, the increased transpiration rate (E) was correlated with stomata conductance (Gs) after treatment with anaerobic, facultative, algae and dumping ponds. In conclusion, the POME sludge amendment was able to increase the maize biomass and yield
STUDIES ON BACTERIAL POLLUTION IN LAKE MANZALA
Lake Manzala in Egypt have shown great changes in water properties including pH (7.4 to 8.4), total suspended solids (19 to 350 mg/l), total dissolved salts (1578 to 33480 mg/l), dissolved oxygen (2.25 to 8.45 mg/l), ammonia (0.00 to 44.8 mg/l) and nitrate (0.00 to 8.96 mg/l). In addition there has been quite high bacterial density in water and fish of the lake, including total viable bacterial counts and indicator organisms such as total coliforms, faecal coliforms and some other organisms such as Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp. and Staphylococcus spp. However, the magnitude number of bacteria in water and fish was found to vary sometimes considerably and sometimes slightly depending on the site of sampling. Our results herein showed that LakeManzala is highly contaminated
Cardy-Verlinde formula of Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole
In this paper, we have shown that the entropy of the Kehagias-Sfetsos black
hole in Hoava-Lifshitz (HL) gravity can be expressed by the
Cardy-Verlinde formula. The later is supposed to be an entropy formula of
conformal field theory in any dimension.Comment: 10 pages, accepted by IJT
Unifying inflation with dark energy in modified F(R) Horava-Lifshitz gravity
We study FRW cosmology for a non-linear modified F(R) Horava-Lifshitz gravity
which has a viable convenient counterpart. A unified description of early-time
inflation and late-time acceleration is possible in this theory, but the
cosmological dynamic details are generically different from the ones of the
convenient viable F(R) model. Remarkably, for some specific choice of
parameters they do coincide. The emergence of finite-time future singularities
is investigated in detail. It is shown that these singularities can be cured by
adding an extra, higher-derivative term, which turns out to be qualitatively
different when compared with the corresponding one of the convenient F(R)
theory.Comment: LaTeX 12 pages, typos are correcte
Teleparallel Version of the Levi-Civita Vacuum Solutions and their Energy Contents
In this paper, we find the teleparallel version of the Levi-Civita metric and
obtain tetrad and the torsion fields. The tensor, vector and the axial-vector
parts of the torsion tensor are evaluated. It is found that the vector part
lies along the radial direction only while the axial-vector vanishes everywhere
because the metric is diagonal. Further, we use the teleparallel version of
Mller, Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz and Bergmann-Thomson prescriptions
to find the energy-momentum distribution of this metric and compare the results
with those already found in General Relativity. It is worth mentioning here
that momentum is constant in both the theories for all the prescriptions. The
energy in teleparallel theory is equal to the corresponding energy in GR only
in Mller prescription for the remaining prescriptions, the energy do
not agree in both theories. We also conclude that Mller's
energy-momentum distribution is independent of the coupling constant
in the teleparallel theory.Comment: 15 pages, accepted for publication in Canadian J. Physic
Wave Function Based Characteristics of Hybrid Mesons
We propose some extensions of the quark potential model to hybrids, fit them
to the lattice data and use them for the purpose of calculating the masses,
root mean square radii and wave functions at the origin of the conventional and
hybrid charmonium mesons. We treat the ground and excited gluonic field between
a quark and an antiquark as in the Born-Oppenheimer expansion, and use the
shooting method to numerically solve the required Schrdinger
equation for the radial wave functions; from these wave functions we calculate
the mesonic properties. For masses we also check through a Crank Nichelson
discretization. For hybrid charmonium mesons, we consider the exotic quantum
number states with and . We also compare
our results with the experimentally observed masses and theoretically predicted
results of the other models. Our results have implications for scalar form
factors, energy shifts, magnetic polarizabilities, decay constants, decay
widths and differential cross sections of conventional and hybrid mesons.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, Erratum is submitted to EPJ
Study of structural, optical and electrical properties of La3+ doped Mg0.25 Ni0.15 Cu0.25 Co0.35 Fe2-x Lax O4 spinel ferrites
Lanthanum substituted MgāNiāCuāCo ferrite nanoparticles prepared through the Sol-Gel method were studied using different methods such as XRD, FTIR, UV-VIS, SEM, Raman, LCR, EDX and IV to evaluate the structural, optical and electrical properties. The single-phase cubic spinel structure of the prepared samples was confirmed from X-ray diffraction analysis. The FT-IR spectra indicated two absorption bands, Ī½1 and Ī½2 that represent the complex Fe3+āO2ā at A-site (tetrahedral) and B-site (octahedral) vibration. The optical band gap decreased from 2.48eV to 1.53eV observed by UVāVis, and matched with the electrical resistivity measurements. Variation in the lattice parameters from XRD, the absorption band (octahedral) from FTIR, the optical energy band gap from the UVāvis data and the DC resistivity demonstrated change in structural, optical and electric properties of MgāNiāCuāCo ferrites nanoparticles due to the addition of the rare earth element La3+. Both the dielectric losses and dielectric constant of the prepared samples decreased due to the La3+ ions doping, and A.C conductivity increased with increasing the value of frequency from 8 Hz to 8 M Hz. The variation in Raman peaks reveals that Raman shift varied due to the La3+ addition. EDX data confirmed the stoichiometric calculations of La3+ions substituted into MgāNiāCuāCo ferrite nanoparticles
Effect of varying quantities of polymer on preparation and stability evaluation of carbamazepine cocrystals with dicarboxylic acid coformers
Ā© 2020 Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. All rights reserved. The current study is an attempt to explore the effect of varying quantities of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) polymer on carbamazepine (CBZ) cocrystal formation with dicarboxylic acid coformers i.e., malonic acid (MA), succinic acid (SA), glutaric acid (GA), and adipic acid (AA). The cocrystals were first prepared without polymer by slurry crystallization method and then tried with different quantities of the polymer. The prepared samples were characterized by Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRPD). The characterization results indicate that in methanol pure carbamazepine-malonic (CBZ-MA) and carbamazepine-adipic acid (CBZ-AA) cocrystal can be prepared, while in ethanol and acetone pure carbamazepine-succinic (CBZ-SA) and carbamazepine-glutaric acid (CBZ-GA) cocrystals can be obtained respectively. The same cocrystals were tried using HPC polymer in three different quantities. The characterization results showed that a higher quantity of HPC polymer transforms CBZ-MA cocrystal polymorph-I to polymorph-II. The CBZ-SA and CBZ-GA cocrystal formation somehow inhibited as the concentration of HPC polymer increases. But on the other side, the formation of CBZ-AA cocrystal utterly not inhibited in the presence of varying quantities of HPC polymer. Furthermore, 11 different quantities of HPC were tried to know about the inhibitory concentration of HPC on CBZ-AA cocrystal formation. The CBZ-AA cocrystal preparation was not inhibited even at higher quantities of HPC compared to the coformer. Additionally, the effect of three different quantities of HPC on the thermal stability of the CBZ-AA cocrystal was investigated. Moreover, the stability of pure CBZ at 92% relative humidity (RH) condition was compared to CBZ-AA cocrystal with and without HPC polymer. The CBZ-AA cocrystal with and without HPC polymer was more stable than pure CBZ