Факторы развития регионов Украины в процессе трансформации экономики страны

Виявлено наростання дивергенції регіонів України за рядом показників їх економічного розвитку. Доведено, що посилення рівня інтенсивності експортної діяльності є одним із ключових чинників збільшення валового регіонального про¬дук¬ту і, унаслідок цього, підвищення економічного зростання регіонів України у процесі транс¬фор¬мації. Ключові слова: валовий регіональний продукт, промислове та сільськогосподарське виробництво, інвестиції, експорт, дивергенція.Выявлено нарастание дивергенции регионов Украины по ряду показателей их экономического развития. Доказано, что усиление уровня интенсивности экспортной деятельности является одним из ключевых факторов увеличения валового регионального продукта и, вследствие этого, повышения экономического роста регионов Украины в процессе трансформации. Ключевые слова: валовой региональный продукт, промышленное и сельскохозяйственное производство, инвестиции, экспорт, дивергенция.The paper shows the growth of the Ukrainian regions divergence exposed by indexes of their economic development. It has been proved that strengthening of the level of export activity intensity is one of the key factors of increase of the gross regional product and, hereupon, the increase of the Ukrainian regions economic growth in the process of transformation. Keywords: gross regional product, industrial and agricultural production, investments, export, divergence

Засоби систем захисту доступом та модель класифікації рівнів захисту

We use Kieffer's model to represent the vibrational density of states (VDoS) and thermodynamic properties of pure substances in pressure-temperature space. We show that this model can be simplified to a vibrational model in which the VDoS is represented by multiple Einstein frequencies without significant loss of accuracy in thermodynamic properties relative to experimental data. The resulting analytical expressions for thermodynamic properties, including the Gibbs energy, are mathematically simple and easily accommodated in existing computational software for making thermodynamic databases. We show for aluminium, platinum, orthoenstatite and forsterite that thermodynamic properties can be represented with comparable accuracy as with Kieffer's model with the same number of fitting parameters as in the Mie-Grüneisen-Debye model. We demonstrate that the method enables to achieve thermodynamic properties with superior accuracy relative to the Mie-Grüneisen-Debye method. The method is versatile in the sense that it allows incorporating dispersion of Grüneisen parameters. It is possible to extend the formalism to include other physical effects, such as intrinsic anharmonicity in the same way as in vibrational models based on Kieffer's formalism

The calculation of ternary miscibility gaps using the linear contributions method: Problems, benchmark systems and an application to (K, Li, Na)Br

Hypothetical systems are useful to enhance the rigor of computerized algorithms and to enhance the applicability of the developed software to physically realistic systems. This paper deals with the calculation of miscibility gaps using the method of the addition of linear contributions. We derived a formalism, which underlies the method, for a multicomponent system. We applied the method to hypothetical miscibility gaps in a single ternary solution form for which the Gibbs energy is characterized by more than two minima. We show that specific Gibbs energy expressions at constant pressure and temperature result in the formation of multiple three-phase fields and multiple critical points. We present an algorithm for the calculation of miscibility gaps in ternary systems, which are characterized by these properties. We applied our method to the system KBr–LiBr–NaBr, having the characteristic that the solid form may separate into three phases with the same crystal structure at low temperatures

Complex phase distribution and seismic velocity structure of the transition zone: Convection model predictions for a magnesium-endmember olivine-pyroxene mantle

We have investigated the complex spatial distribution of mineral phases in the Earth's upper mantle, resulting from lateral variations of temperature in a convecting mantle, through numerical modelling of mantle convection. Our convection model includes a self-consistent thermodynamic description for an olivine–pyroxene composition in the SiO2, MgO system. The thermodynamic model is based on lattice vibrations and allows for the calculation of thermophysical properties as well as seismic wavespeeds. Our modelling results show a complex structure in the behavior of physical properties, in particular the seismic shear wavespeed, in a depth range including the mantle transition zone, 400–700 km. We demonstrate that this behavior is related to the distribution of mineral phases in the olivine–pyroxene system. Especially near cold downwelling flows, representing subducting lithospheric plates, our model results show strong lateral variation of mineral phases and associated shear wavespeed. We show that, typically, pockets of contrasting mineral phases smaller than 100 km occur in subduction regions. In line with current developments in seismic imaging of the mantle transition zone we have computed reflectivity profiles from the shear wavespeed distribution obtained from the convection results. We applied frequency filtering to the raw reflectivity data to investigate the requirements for resolving the heterogeneous structure of the transition zone. Our results show that heterogeneous structure from contrasting mineral phase regions is resolved in the reflectivity profiles, for periods below 20 s which may be feasible in seismic imaging applications. This opens a perspective for detailed mapping of mineral phase distribution in the mantle offering new constraints on the thermal conditions of the transition zone region, thus providing valuable constraints for geodynamic models of the upper mantle

A miscibility gap in LiF-BeF₂ and LiF-BeF₂-ThF₄

LiF BeF₂ and LiF BeF₂ ThF₄ are key systems for Molten Salt Reactor fuel. The liquid phase of these systems has been assessed using Redlich Kister polynomials. The result shows a miscibility gap on the BeF₂-rich side. This has never been proven experimentally. Nevertheless, evidence for a two liquids region is given by the fact that such a region exists in the analogous MgO SiO₂ system. Also the ternary system LiF BeF₂ ZrF₄ contains such a miscibility gap in the BeF₂ corner

A Miscibility Gap in LiF-BeF2 and LiF-BeF2-ThF4

ABSTRACT included in the attachmentJRC.E.4-Nuclear fuel