The generalized non-conservative model of a 1-planet system - revisited

We study the long-term dynamics of a planetary system composed of a star and a planet. Both bodies are considered as extended, non-spherical, rotating objects. There are no assumptions made on the relative angles between the orbital angular momentum and the spin vectors of the bodies. Thus, we analyze full, spatial model of the planetary system. Both objects are assumed to be deformed due to their own rotations, as well as due to the mutual tidal interactions. The general relativity corrections are considered in terms of the post-Newtonian approximation. Besides the conservative contributions to the perturbing forces, there are also taken into account non-conservative effects, i.e., the dissipation of the mechanical energy. This dissipation is a result of the tidal perturbation on the velocity field in the internal zones with non-zero turbulent viscosity (convective zones). Our main goal is to derive the equations of the orbital motion as well as the equations governing time-evolution of the spin vectors (angular velocities). We derive the Lagrangian equations of the second kind for systems which do not conserve the mechanical energy. Next, the equations of motion are averaged out over all fast angles with respect to time-scales characteristic for conservative perturbations. The final equations of motion are then used to study the dynamics of the non-conservative model over time scales of the order of the age of the star. We analyze the final state of the system as a function of the initial conditions. Equilibria states of the averaged system are finally discussed.Comment: 37 pages, 13 figures, accepted to Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronom

Особенности контакта с лечащим врачом и удовлетворенность получаемой медицинской помощью у пациентов, госпитализированных в связи с подтвержденным COVID-19

Background. The number of hospitalized patients diagnosed with coronavirus infection in MarchMay 2020 increased in almost all countries. Of course, such a pandemic has become a challenge for the entire health care system. In the current conditions, maintaining high standards of quality of medical care, establishing contact between specialists and the patient is a separate difficult task; at the same time, it is precisely the contact with specialists and the subjectively perceived quality of care that plays an important role in establishing compliance, and, therefore, in the success of patient treatment. Our research is devoted to the search for ways to solve this problem. Aims to study the features of the emotional state of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and describe the contribution of these features to interaction in the doctor-patient dyad and satisfaction with the medical care received. Methods. The study involved 127 people hospitalized with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. The research methods used: 1) a questionnaire developed by the authors, which included socio-demographic data and a block of questions about interaction with a doctor and medical personnel; 2) the Russian-language version of the Beck Depression Inventory; 3) Russian-language version of the GAD-7 anxiety questionnaire. Results. 25.4% of participants have pronounced signs of anxiety, 24.13% signs of depression; 54% of patients indicate that the help they receive in the framework of hospitalization is sufficient; 7% speak of the need for support from a psychologist. Formulated information about what is happening with the patient is the key factor in contact with a doctor (for 62.9%), and a visible improvement in well-being is important only for 43.4%. The presence of anxious and depressive symptoms makes a qualitative difference in establishing contact with a doctor and assessing the severity of ones own condition. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, in the future, it is possible to formulate various strategies for working with patients showing high rates of depressive and anxious experiences: such strategies should take into account the importance of close contact with the doctor and detailed information for patients. It is also important when building further work to take into account age characteristics (for example, a greater focus on working with a psychologist among the young population group), the time of hospitalization (whether they coincide with the dates traditionally significant in culture) and the gender of patients. It is also important to take into account that in a COVID-19 situation, it is decisive in contact with a doctor to obtain clear and accessible information about the patients condition and prescriptions made on time, and not a significant improvement in well-being.Обоснование. Численность госпитализированных пациентов с диагностированной коронавирусной инфекцией в мартемае 2020 г. росла практически во всех странах. Безусловно, пандемия стала вызовом для всей системы здравоохранения. В сложившихся условиях соблюдение высоких стандартов качества медицинской помощи, установление контакта между специалистами и пациентом представляют отдельную сложную задачу. При этом именно контакт со специалистом и субъективно воспринимаемое качество помощи играют большую роль в установлении комплаенса, а значит, и в успешности лечения пациентов. Поискам путей решения этой задачи посвящено наше исследование. Цель исследования изучить особенности эмоционального состояния пациентов, госпитализированных в связи с COVID-19, и описать вклад этих особенностей во взаимодействие в диаде врачпациент и удовлетворенность получаемой медицинской помощью. Методы. В исследовании приняли участие 127 человек, госпитализированных в клинику в связи с подтвержденным диагнозом COVID-19. В качестве методик исследования использовались: 1) разработанная авторами анкета, включавшая социодемографические данные и блок вопросов о взаимодействии с лечащим врачом и медицинским персоналом; 2) русскоязычная версия опросника депрессии Бека; 3) русскоязычная версия опросника тревоги GAD-7. Результаты. 25,4% участников имеют выраженные признаки тревожности; 24,13% признаки депрессии; 54% пациентов указывают, что получаемая ими в рамках госпитализации помощь достаточна; 7% говорят о необходимости поддержки психолога. Ключевым фактором в контакте с врачом оказывается доступно сформулированная информация о происходящем с пациентом (для 62,9%), а видимое улучшение самочувствия важно лишь для 43,4%. Наличие тревожной и депрессивной симптоматики вносит качественное отличие в построение контакта с врачом и оценку тяжести собственного состояния. Заключение. Результаты исследования позволят формировать различные варианты работы с пациентами, демонстрирующими высокие показатели депрессивных и тревожных переживаний: подобные варианты должны учитывать значимость близкого контакта с врачом и подробной информации для пациентов. Также важно при выстраивании дальнейшей работы принимать во внимание возрастные особенности, время госпитализации и пол пациентов. Следует учитывать, что в ситуации COVID-19 решающими в контакте с врачом оказываются получение понятной и доступной информации о состоянии пациента и вовремя сделанные предписания, а не значимое улучшение самочувствия

Infectious and non-infectious pericarditis in children

Pericardial diseases in children are heterogeneous in nature and can be both isolated and part of the systemic pathology. Data on the epidemiology and etiology of pericardial disease are contradictory and depend on the hospital profile, patients' age and study aims. Objective of the research-to study modern structure of pericardial diseases in children, clinical and instrumental features of individual forms and treatment tactics in real clinical practice according to the data of the Moscow multi-profile hospital. Study materials and methods: A complex clinical and laboratory-based examination was conducted in 121 patients aged from 1 month to 18 years, admitted to Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital in Moscow in 2001-2016 with pericardium diseases. Results: pericardium inflammatory lesions were diagnosed in 86% of children, 57% of patients had infectious pericarditis (bacterial and idiopathic). The most severe course was in cases of bacterial, neoplastic pericarditis and postpericardiotomy syndrome (PPTS). A common feature of the severe course was the accumulation of a large pericardial effusion and the threat of a cardiac tamponade. In patients with idiopathic pericarditis and PPTS, herpesvirus infections markers, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, were more often detected with large effusions accumulation (p=0,02). Complications development was noted in 33 (27,3%) children: cardiac tamponade or the threat of its development in 23 (19%), recurrent course in 11 (9,1%). As anti-inflammatory therapy non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were used (73,6% of patients); if they were inefficient-glucocorticosteroids (41,3%) and intravenous immunoglobulins (24,8%). Pericardiocentesis due to threat of cardiac tamponade was performed in 13 (10,74%) children. Conclusion: in pericarditis structure dominated infectious: bacterial and idiopathic (57%). Specific IgM antibodies to herpesviruses, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae are possible markers of large pericardial effusion accumulation children with idiopathic pericarditis and PPTS. To assess the predictors of pericarditis adverse course incl. use of glucocorticosteroids, it is necessary to analyze long-term disease catamnesis. © 2017, Pediatria Ltd. All rights reserved

Infectious and non-infectious pericarditis in children

Pericardial diseases in children are heterogeneous in nature and can be both isolated and part of the systemic pathology. Data on the epidemiology and etiology of pericardial disease are contradictory and depend on the hospital profile, patients' age and study aims. Objective of the research-to study modern structure of pericardial diseases in children, clinical and instrumental features of individual forms and treatment tactics in real clinical practice according to the data of the Moscow multi-profile hospital. Study materials and methods: A complex clinical and laboratory-based examination was conducted in 121 patients aged from 1 month to 18 years, admitted to Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital in Moscow in 2001-2016 with pericardium diseases. Results: pericardium inflammatory lesions were diagnosed in 86% of children, 57% of patients had infectious pericarditis (bacterial and idiopathic). The most severe course was in cases of bacterial, neoplastic pericarditis and postpericardiotomy syndrome (PPTS). A common feature of the severe course was the accumulation of a large pericardial effusion and the threat of a cardiac tamponade. In patients with idiopathic pericarditis and PPTS, herpesvirus infections markers, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, were more often detected with large effusions accumulation (p=0,02). Complications development was noted in 33 (27,3%) children: cardiac tamponade or the threat of its development in 23 (19%), recurrent course in 11 (9,1%). As anti-inflammatory therapy non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were used (73,6% of patients); if they were inefficient-glucocorticosteroids (41,3%) and intravenous immunoglobulins (24,8%). Pericardiocentesis due to threat of cardiac tamponade was performed in 13 (10,74%) children. Conclusion: in pericarditis structure dominated infectious: bacterial and idiopathic (57%). Specific IgM antibodies to herpesviruses, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae are possible markers of large pericardial effusion accumulation children with idiopathic pericarditis and PPTS. To assess the predictors of pericarditis adverse course incl. use of glucocorticosteroids, it is necessary to analyze long-term disease catamnesis. © 2017, Pediatria Ltd. All rights reserved

Comparative lipidomic analysis of inflammatory mediators in the aqueous humor and tear fluid of humans and rabbits

Introduction: Ocular inflammation is a key pathogenic factor in most blindness-causing visual disorders. It can manifest in the aqueous humor (AH) and tear fluid (TF) as alterations in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites, oxylipins, lipid mediators, which are biosynthesized via enzymatic pathways involving lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase or cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and specifically regulate inflammation and resolution pathways. Objectives: This study aimed to establish the baseline patterns of PUFAs and oxylipins in AH and TF by their comprehensive lipidomic identification and profiling in humans in the absence of ocular inflammation and comparatively analyze these compounds in the eye liquids of rabbits, the species often employed in investigative ophthalmology. Methods: Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used for qualitative and quantitative characterization of lipid compounds in the analyzed samples. Results: A total of 28 lipid compounds were identified, including phospholipid derivatives and PUFAs, as well as 22 oxylipins. Whereas the PUFAs included arachidonic, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids, the oxylipins were derived mainly from arachidonic, linoleic and α-linolenic acids. Remarkably, although the concentration of oxylipins in AH was lower compared to TF, these liquids showed pronounced similarity in their lipid profiles, which additionally exhibited noticeable interspecies concordance. Conclusion: The revealed correlations confirm the feasibility of rabbit models for investigating pathogenesis and trialing therapies of human eye disorders. The identified metabolite patterns suggest enzymatic mechanisms of oxylipin generation in AH and TF and might be used as a reference in ocular inflammation studies. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature