Prevalence of Non-O157:H7 Shiga Toxin-Producing \u3ci\u3eEscherichia coli\u3c/i\u3e in Diarrheal Stool Samples from Nebraska

We determined the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in diarrheal stool samples from Nebraska by three methods: cefixime-tellurite sorbitol MacConkey (CT-SMAC) culture, enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) enzyme immunoassay, and stx1,2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fourteen (4.2%) of 335 specimens were positive by at least one method (CT-SMAC culture [6 of 14], EHEC enzyme immunoassay [13 of 14], stx1,2 PCR [14 of 14]). Six contained serogroup 0157, while non-0157 were as prevalent as 0157 serogroups

Linking Distributive and Procedural Justice to Employee Engagement Through Social Exchange: A Field Study in India

Research linking justice perceptions to employee outcomes has referred to social exchange as its central theoretical premise. We tested a conceptual model linking distributive and procedural justice to employee engagement through social exchange mediators, namely, perceived organizational support and psychological contract, among 238 managers and executives from manufacturing and service sector firms in India. Findings suggest that perceived organizational support mediated the relationship between distributive justice and employee engagement, and both perceived organizational support and psychological contract mediated the relationship between procedural justice and employee engagement. Theoretical and practical implications with respect to organizational functions are discussed

Influential Papers that Shaped Paradigms and Changed Practice in Infection Prevention in the Last 60 Years: Then, Now, and Future Directions.

Purpose of Review Advancements in infection prevention reduce morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. We recognize the authors and publications with substantial impact on health care epidemiology and clinical practice in the last 60 years. Recent Findings Substantial advancements in infection prevention include hand hygiene monitoring and feedback, prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections, the use of chlorhexidine patient bathing, transmission-based precautions and improved environmental cleaning. Advancements in technology, including whole genome sequencing and hand hygiene sensor badges, may improve infection prevention efforts. While improvements in study design are necessary in infection prevention to best guide practice, current nosocomial infection prevention efforts are generally a cost-effective investment for healthcare systems. Summary Advancements in healthcare epidemiology over the last 60 years improved patient outcomes in hospital settings. Future well-designed studies are required, with a focus on implementation science and evolving technologies, to better define effective infection prevention strategies

AN ANALYSIS OF DURATION ON THE DISABILITY SUPPORT PENSION PROGRAM *

The paper examines the factors that determine the duration on the Disability Support Pension (DSP) program using administrative data. We estimate two models based on two competing assumptions: the first model takes the standard assumption in duration models that all recipients will eventually leave the program. The second one takes into account the possibility that there may be some recipients who will never recover from their disabilities and hence not leave the program. Both models indicate that female recipients, recipients who enter DSP at a very young or very old age, recipients with a partner on income support, and recipients who transfer from unemployment benefits have the potential of a longer DSP duration. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd/University of Adelaide and Flinders University 2006..