Public Perceptions of Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Historic Review

Electroconvulsive therapy, an effective treatment for depression, mania and some forms of schizophrenia, has had a tumultuous and controversial history. The dramatic nature of the therapy as well as its use in the mentally ill in a seemingly indiscriminate manner has historically captured the public\u27s attention and concern. The evolution of this therapy and the public and psychiatric profession\u27s responses to it are reviewed here. Often the public\u27s understanding of the therapy, how it is administered, its applications and side effects have lagged behind how the psychiatric profession views ECT, although at times mental health professionals have remained opposed to the therapy despite current research finding. At present, ECT appears to be experiencing a resurgence, with little active opposition

Goodbye

SAYING GOODBYE. A CASEBOOK OF TERMINATION IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT ANALYSIS AND THERAPY Edited by Anita G. Schmuckler, D.O. Hillsdale, NJ. The Analytic Press, 1991 $42.95 377 page

Detection of trace Al in model biological tissue with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), which is an excellent tool for trace elemental analysis, was studied as a method of detecting sub-part-per-106 (ppm) concentrations of aluminum in surrogates of human tissue. Tissue was modeled using a 2% agarose gelatin doped with an Al2O3 nanoparticle suspension. A calibration curve created with standard reference samples of known Al concentrations was used to determine the limit of detection, which was less than 1 ppm. Rates of false negative and false positive detection results for a much more realistic sampling methodology were also studied, suggesting that LIBS could be a candidate for the real-time in vivo detection of metal contamination in human soft tissue

Identity Formation and Reformation in First and Second Career Psychiatric Residents

Although all residents seek to acquire competence, those entering psychiatry as a first career appear to use different strategies for the early protection of self esteem than do those entering psychiatry as a second career. These differences and their ramifications for the resident and the residency are discussed. Differences appear in the formation of a professional identity as a psychiatrist when that career is the second career as opposed to the formation of that identity when the career is the first. For most older psychiatric residents, a first career typically precedes the entrance into psychiatry. In my case, I was a professor of clinical psychology with a part-time private practice which I maintained through medical school. Similarly several other older residents I knew worked in their previous professions such as pharmacy or nursing while in medical school, thereby blocking their total immersion in medicine. However other older residents did not work, but the differences to be discussed nevertheless seem to have occurred. It should be noted that the ordering of these differences are based upon my impressions, experiences, and discussions with other residents

Angular distribution and interception of diffuse solar radiation

The estimation of the irradiance of sloping surfaces from standard meteorological measurements requires knowledge of the geometrical distribution of scattered radiation from the sky. Measurements of the radiance distribution of cloudless skies were made with a Linke-Feussner actinometer. When measurements of sky radiance N were expressed relative to the diffuse irradiance D of a horizontal surface, the angular distributions of N/D were remarkably independent of atmospheric turbidity. Standard distributions of N/D, drawn up for different solar zenith angles, were used to estimate the diffuse irradiance of slopes under cloudless skies. A new actinometer was designed for the measurement of the radiance of cloudy skies. A theoretical analysis of the energy budget of a thermopile in relation to the actinometer design is presented. Nine actinometers were used to measure mean distributions of radiance for partly cloudy and overcast skies. Results for overcast conditions indicated that the mean radiance near the horizon was larger than the value predicted by the 'Standard Overcast Sky' formula, but the increase in estimated irradiance of vertical surfaces was only about 2/16. A computer model was formulated for estimating the global irradiance of slopes using the new results for diffuse radiation. The model was applied to climatological mean radiation data from the Meteorological Office for Kew, Eskdalemuir, Aberporth and Lerwick

Introduction - Fact Patterns from Anonymous Closed Medical Liability Cases

Introduction to the anonymous closed medical liability cases. New York Law School\u27s Patient Safety Project was granted special permission by the New York State Office of Court Administration to obtain and make available these closes cases for the purpose of stimulating diligent conversations about the fact patterns so that the discussions can positively impact the safety processes and reduce the future incidence of patient injury.https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/patient_safety_project/1000/thumbnail.jp

Introduction - Fact Patterns from Anonymous Closed Medical Liability Cases

Introduction to the anonymous closed medical liability cases. New York Law School\u27s Patient Safety Project was granted special permission by the New York State Office of Court Administration to obtain and make available these closes cases for the purpose of stimulating diligent conversations about the fact patterns so that the discussions can positively impact the safety processes and reduce the future incidence of patient injury.https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/patient_safety_project/1000/thumbnail.jp

Adverse Cerebral Outcomes after Coronary Bypass Surgery

ABSTRACT Background Acute changes in cerebral function after elective coronary bypass surgery are a difficult clinical problem. We carried out a multicenter study to determine the incidence and predictors of — and the use of resources associated with — perioperative adverse neurologic events, including cerebral injury. Methods In a prospective study, we evaluated 2108 patients from 24 U.S. institutions for two general categories of neurologic outcome: type I (focal injury, or stupor or coma at discharge) and type II (deterioration in intellectual function, memory deficit, or seizures). Results Adverse cerebral outcomes occurred in 129 patients (6.1 percent). A total of 3.1 percent had type I neurologic outcomes (8 died of cerebral injury, 55 had nonfatal strokes, 2 had transient ischemic attacks, and 1 had stupor), and 3.0 percent had type II outcomes (55 had deterioration of intellectual function and 8 had seizures). Patients with adverse cerebral outcomes had higher in-hospital mortality (21 percent of patients with type I outcomes died, vs. 10 percent of those with type II and 2 percent of those with no adverse cerebral outcome; P0.001 for all comparisons), longer hospitalization (25 days with type I outcomes, 21 days with type II, and 10 days with no adverse outcome; P0.001), and a higher rate of discharge to facilities for intermediate- or long-term care (47 percent, 30 percent, and 8 percent; P0.001). Predictors of type I outcomes were proximal aortic atherosclerosis, a history of neurologic disease, and older age; predictors of type II outcomes were older age, systolic hypertension on admission, pulmonary disease, and excessive consumption of alcohol. Conclusions Adverse cerebral outcomes after coronary bypass surgery are relatively common and serious; they are associated with substantial increases in mortality, length of hospitalization, and use of intermediate- or long-term care facilities. New diagnostic and therapeutic strategies must be developed to lessen such injury. (N Engl J Med 1996;335:1857-63.)

Angular distribution and interception of diffuse solar radiation

The estimation of the irradiance of sloping surfaces from standard meteorological measurements requires knowledge of the geometrical distribution of scattered radiation from the sky. Measurements of the radiance distribution of cloudless skies were made with a Linke-Feussner actinometer. When measurements of sky radiance N were expressed relative to the diffuse irradiance D of a horizontal surface, the angular distributions of N/D were remarkably independent of atmospheric turbidity. Standard distributions of N/D, drawn up for different solar zenith angles, were used to estimate the diffuse irradiance of slopes under cloudless skies. A new actinometer was designed for the measurement of the radiance of cloudy skies. A theoretical analysis of the energy budget of a thermopile in relation to the actinometer design is presented. Nine actinometers were used to measure mean distributions of radiance for partly cloudy and overcast skies. Results for overcast conditions indicated that the mean radiance near the horizon was larger than the value predicted by the 'Standard Overcast Sky' formula, but the increase in estimated irradiance of vertical surfaces was only about 2/16. A computer model was formulated for estimating the global irradiance of slopes using the new results for diffuse radiation. The model was applied to climatological mean radiation data from the Meteorological Office for Kew, Eskdalemuir, Aberporth and Lerwick

Onward and Upward: The Legacy of Black Urologists in America

In partnership with the American Urological Association\u27s William P. Didusch Center for Urologic History, Henry Ford Health hosted a Grand Rounds event from 7 – 9 a.m. Wednesday, June 14, in the Buerki Auditorium at Henry Ford Hospital. The event highlights the contributions of Black urologists to the history of medicine despite systemic racism in the medical field and across the country. Covering the impact of exclusion and segregation in the past, as well as present day issues such as microaggressions and cultural insensitivity, the lecture and discussion calls for a future of successfully integrating medicine to achieve better outcomes for physicians and their patients. The schedule of the event is as follows: 7 a.m.: Welcome by Craig Rogers, M.D., Chair, Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute. Introductory remarks by Adnan Munkarah, M.D., President, Care Delivery System and Chief Clinical Officer and Steven Kalkanis, M.D., CEO of Henry Ford Medical Group and CEO of Henry Ford Hospital. 7:10 a.m.: Keynote speaker Arthur L. Burnett II, M.D., MBA., FACS., professor of urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine will present “Onward and Upward: The Legacy of Black Urologists in America. 7:30 a.m.: Panel discussion moderated by Linda McIntire, M.D., President, R. Frank Jones Urological Society, and graduate of Henry Ford urology program, featuring the panelists listed below. Melvin Hollowell, M.D., FACS Dr. Hollowell earned his medical degree in 1959 and has practiced in Detroit for 64 years. At 93 years young, he is still practicing today. Isaac Powell, M.D. Dr. Powell graduated with his medical degree in 1969 and became the first African American graduate from the Henry Ford Hospital urology program in 1974. Conrad Maitland, M.D. Dr. Maitland has been practicing for 40 years and is himself a survivor of prostate cancer - a disease that disproportionately affects Black men. Ray Littleton, M.D. Dr. Littleton joined the senior staff at Henry Ford Hospital in 1980 and helped pioneer minimally invasive surgery by performing the first percutaneous kidney stone removal in Michigan in 1983